Modified Graphite with Tin Oxide as a Promising Electrode for Reduction of Organic Pollutants from Wastewater by Sonoelectrochemical Oxidation

• Autorzy: Nsaif Hind Jabbar , Majeed Najwa Saber

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12912/27197050/175437

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Most of the studies on tin oxide coatings as electrode materials were conducted on titanium; in this study, the aim was to create pure tin oxide (SnO₂) films on graphite substrate, which is more prevalent than titanium. There is a lack in investigation the effect of SnCl₂ and HNO₃ concentrations on the prepared SnO₂ electrode; therefore, the aim of this work was to study these effects precisely. Also, no previous study investigated the removal of phenol sonoelectrochemically by a SnO₂ electrode, which would be accomplished in the present work. The tin dioxide electrode was produced by cathodic electrodeposition using a SnCl₂·2H₂O solution in the presence of HNO₃ and NaNO₃ on a graphite plate substrate. The impact of various operating parameters (current density – CD, HNO₃ concentration, and SnCl₂·2H₂O concentration) on the morphology and structure of the SnO₂ deposit layer was thoroughly investigated. The physical structures of the SnO₂ film were determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), surface morphology was characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and chemical composition was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). In a batch reactor, the sonoelectrochemical oxidation of phenol was tested to determine the performance of the best SnO₂ electrodes for phenol degradation and any organic byproducts. It was discovered that 10 mA/cm² , 50 mM of SnCL₂·2H₂O, and 250 mM of HNO₃ were the optimum conditions to prepare SnO₂ electrodes, which produced the smallest crystal size, with no appeared cracks, and gave the best phenol removal. The best prepared electrode was tested in the sonoelectrochemical oxidation of phenol with two different electrolytes and different CD, and the results showed that the phenol removal was 76.87% and 64.68% when using NaCl and Na₂SO₄, respectively, as well as was 63.39, 76.87, and 100% for CD at 10, 25, and 40 mA/cm², respectively.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

tin dioxide; electrodeposition; sonoelectrochemistry; phenol removal

• Wydawca: Lubelski Oddział Polskiego Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology ; WNGB Wydawnictwo Naukowe
• Czasopismo: Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 25, iss. 1
• Strony: 307--320
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 34 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Nsaif Hind Jabbar

• Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

• https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7281-4103

autor

Majeed Najwa Saber

• Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6380-7512

Bibliografia

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).