Windborne debris in the urban environment

• Autorzy: Owen J. S.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.4467/2353737XCT.15.130.4167

Warianty tytułu

PL

Odłamki konstrukcji utworzone przez działanie wiatru w środowisku miejskim

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the research into windborne debris using. It introduces the components of the typical debris risk model - wind field model, debris generation model, debris trajectory model and debris impact model - and reviews the research that has been done in each of these constituent areas. The majority of this research has focussed on understanding the fundamental physics of debris flight, using both experimental and computational approaches to derive analytical and empirical models. This fundamental physics must be viewed, however, within a probabilistic framework that allows the risk to be assessed in a relevant manner. Much of the research relates to hurricane hazard in the USA, however windborne debris is clearly a threat to the urban environment during European wind storms. The way that FEMA's HAZUS®MH hazard assessment tool has brought natural hazard modelling into the engineering context is viewed as an approach that could be adapted for both mitigation and design in a European context.

PL

Niniejsza praca przedstawia kompleksowy przegląd badań dotyczących szczątków konstrukcji utworzonych i niesionych przez wiatr. Artykuł wprowadza elementy modelu ryzyka dla typowych odłamków – model pola wiatru, model tworzenia się odłamków, model trajektorii ruchu odłamków i model uderzenia odłamków – oraz przegląd badań, które zostały wykonane w obszarze tych zagadnień. Większość badań skupia się na zrozumieniu podstaw fizyki lotu odłamków, przy użyciu zarówno metod doświadczalnych jak i obliczeniowych, co pozwoliło na stworzenie modeli analitycznych i empirycznych. Należy rozpatrzyć podstawy fizyczne zjawiska, jednak w ramach zagadnień probabilistycznych, które pozwalają na odpowiednie oszacowanie ryzyka. Duża część badań odnosi się do zagrożenia huraganami w USA, jednak odłamki utworzone i niesione przez wiatr stanowią też istotne zagrożenie dla środowiska miejskiego w czasie burz występujących w Europie. Sposób, w jaki narzędzia do oceny ryzyka, utworzone przez FEMA i HAZUS®MH, pozwoliły na modelowanie ryzyka w ramach inżynierii, można postrzegać jako podejście, które może być dostosowane do ograniczania zjawiska i projektowania w kontekście europejskim.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

wind engineering; damage; windborne debris; CFD; hazard

PL

inżynieria wiatrowa; uszkodzenia; odłamki konstrukcji utworzone przez działanie wiatru; CFD; ryzyko

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Krakowskiej im. Tadeusza Kościuszki
• Czasopismo: Czasopismo Techniczne. Budownictwo
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Y. 112, iss. 2-B
• Strony: 145--165
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 50 poz., il., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Owen J. S.

• Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, UK

Bibliografia

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Uwagi

EN

would like to thank the organising committee of the 7th International Symposium on Environmental Effects on Buildings and People: Actions, Influences, Interactions, Discomfort for inviting me to submit this paper. I would also like to acknowledge the very significant contributions of Dr David Hargreaves and Dr Bruce Kakimpa to this paper.