The Epigravettian and the Magdalenian in Poland: New chronological data and an old problem

• Autorzy: Wiśniewski A. , Połtowicz-Bobak M. , Bobak D. , Jary Z. , Moska P.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/geochr-2015-0052

• Konferencja: Conference Proceedings of the 12th International Conference “Methods of Absolute Chronology” May 11-13th, 2016, Gliwice-Paniówki, Poland.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of the paper is to present a new chronological model of recolonisation of the area located north of the Sudetes and the Carpathians after Late Glacial Maximum (LGM). Until recently, it was believed that reoccupation of these areas occurred only due to the Magdalenian people. New chronometric data (radiocarbon and optoluminescence ones) coming from the Magdalenian and Epigravettian sites together with the application of Bayesian modelling of new records allowed us to present another model. In the light of the new research, it seems that the groups classified as the Epigravettian and Magdalenian could have coexisted at the same time in the same areas. The new model states that it is possible to assume coexistence of these groups during the period of 2300 years between 16500 and 14200 years BP.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

chronological records; Bayesian method; recolonization; Epigravettian; Magdalenian; Poland

• Wydawca: Politechnika Śląska
• Czasopismo: Geochronometria
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: Vol. 44, no. 1
• Strony: 16--29
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 71 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Wiśniewski A.

• Institute of Archaeology, University of Wrocław, Szewska 48, 50-139 Wrocław, Poland

autor

Połtowicz-Bobak M.

• Institute of Archaeology, University of Rzeszów, Moniuszki 10, 35-015 Rzeszów, Poland

autor

Bobak D.

• Institute of Archaeology, University of Rzeszów, Moniuszki 10, 35-015 Rzeszów, Poland

autor

Jary Z.

• Institute of Geography and Regional Development, University of Wrocław, Pl. Uniwersytecki 1,50-137Wrocław, Poland

autor

Moska P.

• Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Physics – Centre for Science and Education, Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Alberti G, 2016. “prob.phases.relat”: posterior probability for different chronological relations between two Bayesian radiocarbon defined phases. DOI 10.13140/RG.2.1.3713.2560.
• 2. Alexandrowicz SW, Drobniewicz B, Ginter B, Kozłowski JK, Madeyska T, Nadachowski A, Pawlikowski M, Sobczyk K, Szyndlar Z and Wolsan M, 1992. Excavations in the Zawalona Cave at Mników (Cracow Upland, southern Poland). Folia Quaternaria 63: 43–76.
• 3. Blockley SPE, Donahue RE and Pollard AM, 2000. Radiocarbon calibration and Late Glacial occupation in northwest Europe. Antiquity 74(283): 112–119, DOI 10.1017/S0003598X00066199.
• 4. Bobak D and Połtowicz-Bobak M, 2014. Bayesian age modelling of the Magdalenian settlement in the territory of present-day Poland. Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie 5–6: 51–67.
• 5. Bocheński Z, Ginter B, Kozłowski JK, Mook WG, Muszyński M, Nadachowski A, Stworzewicz E and Szyndlar Z, 1985. Badania osadów schronisk podskalnych w Zalasie koło Krakowa. Folia Quaternaria 56: 3–56.
• 6. Bronk Ramsey C, 1995. Radiocarbon calibration and analysis of stratigraphy: the OxCal program. Radiocarbon 37(2): 425–430.
• 7. Bronk Ramsey C, 1998. Probability and dating. Radiocarbon 40(1): 461–474.
• 8. Bronk Ramsey C, 2009a. Bayesian Analysis of Radiocarbon Dates. Radiocarbon 51(1): 337–360.
• 9. Bronk Ramsey C, 2009b. Dealing with outliers and offsets in radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon 51(3): 1023–1045.
• 10. Cyrek K, 1994. Der jungpaläolithische Höhlenfundplatz Krucza Skała in Mittelpolen. (The Late Paleolithic cave site at Krucza Skala in Middle Poland). Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 24: 367– 374.
• 11. Cyrek K, 1999. Menschliche Penetration der Höhlen im mittleren Teil der Krakowsko-Częstochowska-Hohebene zwischen dem 18. Und 11 Jahrtausend (vom Interstadial Lascaux bis zum Interstadial Allerød. (Human penetration of the caves in the middle part of the Kraków-Częstochowa Highland between the 18th and 11th milleBrought to you by | Maritime University of Szczecin Authenticated Download Date | 9/11/17 1:36 PM THE EPIGRAVETTIAN AND THE MAGDALENIAN IN POLAND 28 nium (from Lascaux Interstadial to Allerød Interstadial)). Folia Quaternaria 70: 269–288.
• 12. Cyrek K, Nadachowski A, Madeyska T, Bocheński Z, Tomek T, Wojtal P, Miękina B, Lipecki G, Garapich A, Rzebik-Kowalska B, Stworzewicz E, Wolsan M, Godawa J, Kościów R, FostowiczFrelik Ł and Szyndlar Z, 2000. Excavation in the Deszczowa Cave (Kroczyckie Rocks, Częstochowa Upland, Central Poland). Folia Quaternaria 71: 5–84.
• 13. Dyson-Hudson R and Smith EA, 1978. Human Territoriality: An Ecological Reassessment. American Anthropologist 80: 21–41.
• 14. Fiedorczuk J, Bratlund B, Kolstrup E and Schild R, 2007. Late Magdalenian feminine flint plaquettes from Poland. Antiquity 81: 97–105.
• 15. Furmanek M, Molenda G and Rapiński A, 2001. Wstępne wyniki badań na stanowisku schyłkowopaleolitycznym w Sowinie, pow. Niemodlin w roku 2000. (Preliminary results of the archaeological investigations in the late palaeolithic site Sowin, Niemodlin distr. in year 2000). Sprawozdania Archeologiczne 43: 485–490.
• 16. Ginter B, Pawlikowski M, Pazdur A, Połtowicz M, Skiba S, Wacnik A and Wojtal P, 2007. Środowisko przyrodnicze w rejonie obozowiska magdaleńskiego na Płaskowyżu Głubczyckim. (Natural environment in the area of the Magdalenian camp in the Głubczyce Plateau). Prace Komisji Paleogeografii Czwartorzędu PAU IV: 53–59.
• 17. Ginter B and Połtowicz M, 2004. Dzierżysław 35 – an open Magdalenian site in Upper Silesia. Recherches Archéologiques de 1993–1998 9–16.
• 18. Ginter B, Połtowicz M, Pawlikowski M, Skiba S, Trąbska J, Wacnik A, Winiarska-Kabacińska M and Wojtal P, 2002. Dzierżysław 35 - stanowisko magdaleńskie na przedpolu Bramy Morawskiej. (Dzierżysław 35 – Magdalenian site in the forefield of the Moravian Gate). In: Gancarski J (ed) Starsza i środkowa epoka kamienia w Karpatach polskich. Muzeum Podkarpackie w Krośnie: Krosno, 111–145.
• 19. Ginter B, Połtowicz M, Pawlikowski M, Skiba S, Trąbska J, Wacnik A, Winiarska-Kabacińska M and Wojtal P, 2005. Dzierżysław 35 - ein neuer Fundplatz des Magdalénien in Oberschlesien. (Dzierżysław 35 – a new Magdalenian site in Upper Silesia). Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 35: 431–446.
• 20. Higham T, 2011. European Middle and Upper Palaeolithic radiocarbon dates are often older than they look: problems with previous dates and some remedies. Antiquity 85(327): 235–249.
• 21. Higham T, Basell L, Jacobi R, Wood R, Bronk Ramsey C and Conard NJ, 2012. Testing models for the beginnings of the Aurignacian and the advent of figurative art and music: The radiocarbon chronology of Geißenklösterle. Journal of Human Evolution 62(6): 664–676, DOI 10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.03.003.
• 22. Housley RA, Gamble CS, Street M and Pettitt PB, 1997. Radiocarbon evidence for the Lateglacial recolonisation of Northen Europe. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 63: 25–54.
• 23. Irish JD, Bratlund B, Schild R, Kolstrup E, Królik H, Manka D and Boron T, 2008. A late Magdalenian perinatal human skeleton from Wilczyce, Poland. Journal of Human Evolution 55(4): 736–740, DOI 10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.03.007.
• 24. Kaminská Ľ, 2001. Die Nutzung von Steinrohmaterialien im Paläolithikum der Slowakei. (The usage of the stone raw material in the palaeolithic of the Slovakia). Quartär 81–106.
• 25. Kaminská Ľ (ed), 2014. Paleolit a mezolit. (Palaeolithic and mesolithic). Archeologický Ústav Slovenskej Akadémie Vied: Nitra.
• 26. Kelly RL, 2013. The lifeways of hunter-gatherers. Foraging spectrum. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, DOI 10.1017/CBO9781139176132.
• 27. Kozłowski JK, 1964. Quelques problèmes de la subdivision chronologique du Magdalénien en Europe Centrale. (Some problems of the chronological subdivision of the Magdalenian in Central Europe). Archaeologia Polona 7: 180–192.
• 28. Kozłowski JK, 1985. Sur la contemporanéité des différents faciès du Magdalénien. (On the contemporaneity of the different facies of the Magdalenian). Jahrbuch des Bernischen Historischen Museum 63–64: 211–216.
• 29. Kozłowski JK, 1987. Le Magdalénien en Pologne. In: Rigaud J-P. (The Magdalenian in Poland). (ed) Le Magdalénien en Europe. ERAUL: Liège, 31–49.
• 30. Kozłowski JK, 1992. Le Paléolithique des Carpates occidentaux. (The Palaeolithic of the Western Carpathians). Préistoria Alpina 28(2): 113–126.
• 31. Kozłowski JK, 2007. Le Gravettien du nord des Carpathes et des Sudètes. (The Gravettian of the north of the Carpathians and the Sudetes). Paléo.
• 32. Kozłowski JK and Kozłowski SK, 1977. Epoka kamienia na ziemiach polskich. (Stone age in the area of Poland). PWN: Warszawa.
• 33. Kozłowski JK and Kozłowski SK, 1996. Le Paléolithique en Pologne. (The palaeolithic in Poland). Editions Jérôme Millon: Grenoble.
• 34. Kozłowski JK and Pettitt PB, 2001. Absolute dating of the Polish Magdalenian. Fontes Archaeologici Posnanienses 39: 31–35.
• 35. Kozłowski SK, Połtowicz-Bobak M, Bobak D and Terberger T, 2012. New information from Maszycka Cave and the Late Glacial recolonisation of Central Europe. Quaternary International 272–273: 288–296, DOI 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.02.052.
• 36. Kozłowski SK, Sachse-Kozłowska E, Marshack A, Madeyska T, Kierdorf H, Lasota-Moskalewska A, Jakubowski G, Winiarska, Kabacińska M, Kapica Z and Wierciński A, 1995. Maszycka Cave. A Magdalenian site in southern Poland. Jahrbuch des Romisch Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz 40(1): 115–252.
• 37. Krajcarz M and Krajcarz M, 2014. Summers and Winters at Wilczyce. Seasonal changes of Paleolithic settlement and environment on the basis of seasonality and isotope analysis of animal teeth. In: Schild R (ed) Wilczyce. A Late Magdalenian Winter Hunting Camp in Southern Poland. Warszawa, 141–154.
• 38. Królik H, 2014. Chipped flint and quartzite artifacts. In: Schild R (ed) Wilczyce. A Late Magdalenian Winter Hunting Camp in Southern Poland. Warszawa, 173–240.
• 39. Kufel-Diakowska B, 2014. Analiza mikroskopowa paleolitycznych wyrobów krzemiennych ze stan. 10, 11 w Targowisku, pow. wielicki. (Microscopic analysis of the palaeolithic lithic artefacts from the sites 10 and 11 in Targowisko, Wieliczka distr). In: Zastawny A (ed) Targowisko, stan. 10, 11 – osadnictwo z epoki kamienia. Krakowski Zespół do Badań Autostrad, 561–568.
• 40. Łanczont M, Madeyska T, Muzyczuk A and Valde-Nowak P, 2002. Hłomcza – stanowisko kultury magdaleńskiej w Karpatach polskich. (Hłomcza – the Magdalenian site in the Polish Carpathians). In: Gancarski J (ed) Starsza i środkowa epoka kamienia w Karpatach polskich. Krosno, 147–187.
• 41. Lasota-Moskalewska A, 2014. Faunal remains. In: Schild R (ed) Wilczyce. A Late Magdalenian Winter Hunting Camp in Southern Poland. Warszawa, 105–118.
• 42. Maier A, 2015. The Central European Magdalenian. Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht.
• 43. Nadachowski A, Żarski M, Urbanowski M, Wojtal P, Miękina B, Lipecki G, Ochman K, Krawczyk M, Jakubowski G and Tomek T, 2009. Late Pleistecene Environment of the Częstochowa Upland (Poland) Reconstructed on the Basis of Faunistic Evidence from Archaeological Cave Sites. Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of Sciences: Kraków.
• 44. Nerudová Z, Neruda P, Lisá L and Roblíčková M, 2012. Záchranný výzkum mladopaleolitických lokalit v Brně-Štýřicích v kontextu osídlení Brněnska. (Rescue excavation of the Upper Palaeolithic sites in Brno-Štýřice in the context of Brno region). Archeologické rozhledy LXIV: 591–627.
• 45. Nerudová Z and Neruda P, 2015. Moravia between Gravettian and Magdalenian, In: Sázelová S, Novák M, Mizerová A (eds), Forgotten times and spaces: New perspectives in paleoanthropological, paleoetnological and archeological studies. Masaryk University: Brno 378–394.
• 46. Połtowicz-Bobak M, 2012. Observations on the late Magdalenian in Poland. Quaternary International 272–273: 297–307, DOI 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.05.029.
• 47. Połtowicz-Bobak M, 2013. Wschodnia prowincja magdalenienu. (The eastern province of the Magdalenian). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego: Rzeszów. Brought to you by | Maritime University of Szczecin Authenticated Download Date | 9/11/17 1:36 PM A. Wiśniewski et al. 29.
• 48. Połtowicz-Bobak M, Bobak D and Gębica P, 2014. Nowy ślad osadnictwa magdaleńskiego w Polsce południowo-wschodniej. Stanowisko Łąka 11–16 w powiecie rzeszowskim. (A new trace of the Magdalenian settlement in south-eastern Poland, site Łąka 11–16 in Rzeszów district). Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego 35: 237–248.
• 49. Přichystal A, 2009. Kamenné suroviny v pravěku východní části střední Evropy. (Lithic raw materials in prehistoric times of Eastern Central Europe). Masarykova univerzita, Munipress: Brno.
• 50. Pyżewicz K, Migal W and Grużdź W, 2014. Magdalenian blade technology from the northeastern european perspective. In: Riede F and Tallaavaara M (eds) Lateglacial and Postglacial Pioneers in Northern Europe. Archeopress: Oxford, 67–78.
• 51. Rasmussen SO, Bigler M, Blockley SP, Blunier T, Buchardt SL, Clausen HB, Cvijanovic I, Dahl-Jensen D, Johnsen SJ, Fischer H, Gkinis V, Guillevic M, Hoek WZ, Lowe JJ, Pedro JB, Popp T, Seierstad IK, Steffensen JP, Svensson AM, Vallelonga P, Vinther BM, Walker MJ, Wheatley JJ and Winstrup M, 2014. A stratigraphic framework for abrupt climatic changes during the Last Glacial period based on three synchronized Greenland ice-core records: refining and extending the INTIMATE event stratigraphy. Quaternary Science Reviews 106: 14–28, DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.007.
• 52. Reimer P, Bard E, Bayliss A, Beck JW, Blackwell PG, Bronk Ramsey C, Buck CE, Cheng H, Edwards RL, Friedrich M, Grootes PM, Guilderson TP, Haflidason H, Hajdas I, Hatté C, Heaton TJ, Hoffmann DL, Hogg AG, Hughen KA, Kaiser KF, Kromer B, Manning SW, Niu M, Reimer RW, Richards DA, Scott EM, Southon JR, Staff RA, Turney CSM and van der Plicht J, 2013. IntCal13 and Marine13 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves 0– 50,000 Years cal BP. Radiocarbon 55(4): 1869–1887, DOI 10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16947.
• 53. Riede F and Edinborough K, 2012. Bayesian radiocarbon models for the cultural transition during the Allerød in southern Scandinavia. Journal of Archaeological Science 39(3): 744–756, DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2011.11.008.
• 54. Schild R (ed), 2014. Wilczyce. A Late Magdalenian Winter Hunting Camp in Southern Poland. Warszawa.
• 55. Scott EM, 2011. Models, Data, Statistics, and Outliers—A Statistical Revolution in Archaeology and 14C Dating. Radiocarbon 53(4): 559–562.
• 56. Šída P, Nývltová Fišáková M and Verpoorte A, 2006. Svobodné Dvory near Hradec Králové: an Upper Palaeolithic hunting site and its dating. Archeologické rozhledy LVIII: 772–780.
• 57. Street M, Terberger T and Barton N, 2009. Foreword. In: Street M, Barton N and Terberger T (eds) Humans, environment and chronology of the Late Glacial of the North European Plain. Mainz and Bonn, 1–6.
• 58. Sulgostowska Z, 2014. The “Necklase” of Wilczyce. The mystery of perforated arctic fox teeth. In: Schild R (ed) Wilczyce. A Late Magdalenian Winter Hunting Camp in Southern Poland. Warszawa, 339–345.
• 59. Svoboda J and Novak M, 2004. Eastern Central Europe after the Upper Pleniglacial: changing points of observation. Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 34: 463–477.
• 60. Svoboda J, Přichystal A, Ložek V, Svobodová H and Toul J, 1995. Kolíbky, a Magdalenian Site in the Moravian Karst. Quartär 45/46: 135–159.
• 61. Terberger T and Street M, 2002. Hiatus or continuity? News results for the question of Pleniglacial settlement in Central Europe. Antiquity 76: 691–698.
• 62. Valoch K and Neruda P, 2005. K chronologii moravského magdalénienu, (On the chronology of the Moravian Magdalenian). Archeologické rozhledy 57: 459–476.
• 63. Valoch K, 2010. Europäische Beziehungen des Mährischen Magdalénien. (European relations of the Moravian Magdalenian). In: Połtowicz-Bobak M and Bobak D (eds) The Magdalenian in Central Europe. New Finds and Concepts. Rzeszów, 9–21.
• 64. Verpoorte A and Šída P, 2009. The magdalenian colonisation of Bohemia (Czech Republic). Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 39: 325–332.
• 65. Wicks K, Pirie A and Mithen SJ, 2014. Settlement patterns in the late Mesolithic of western Scotland: the implications of Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates and inter-site technological comparisons. Journal of Archaeological Science 41: 406–422, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2013.07.003.
• 66. Wilczyński J, 2009. Targowisko - a new Late Glacial site in Southern Poland. Eurasian Prehistory 6(1–2): 95–118.
• 67. Wiśniewski T, 2012. A Magdalenian site in Klementowice (Eastern Poland) - new discoveries and perspectives for the future research. The Younger Generation. Akten des ersten Lublin-Berliner Doktorandenkolloqiums am 09.-10.06.2010 in Lublin. Lublin, 9–22.
• 68. Wiśniewski T, 2015. Magdalenian settlement in Klementowice. In: T. Wiśniewki (ed.), Klementowice. A Magdalenian site in eastern Poland, Lublin, 15–179.
• 69. Wiśniewski A, Furmanek M, Borkowski M, Kądziołka K, Rapiński A and Winnicka K, 2012a. Lithic raw material and late palaeolithic strategies of mobility: a case study from Sowin 7, SW Poland. Anthropologie 50(4): 391–409.
• 70. Wiśniewski T, Mroczek P, Rodzik J, Zagórski P, Wilczyński J and Fišáková MN, 2012b. On the periphery of the Magdalenian World: An open-air site in Klementowice (Lublin Upland, Eastern Poland). Quaternary International 272–273: 308–321, DOI 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.06.032.
• 71. Wood R, 2015. From revolution to convention: the past, present and future of radiocarbon dating. Journal of Archaeological Science 56: 61–72, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2015.02.019.