Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Yield forming effect of application of composts containing polymer materials enriched in biocomponents

100%

Gambuś F. , Wieczorek J. , Czech T. , Gorczyca O. , Spałek I. , Urbańska K. , Babula J. , Mierzwa-Hersztek M. , Rydarowski H. , Kopeć M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2014

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tom Vol. 15, nr 1

81--86

EN

In a pot experiment the impact of composts containing polymeric materials modified with biocomponents on the diversity of crops of oats and mustard was examined. The composts used in the study were produced in the laboratory from wheat and rape straw, and pea seed cleaning waste with 8-percent addition of chopped biopolymer materials (films) which were prepared in the Central Mining Institute (GIG) in Katowice. Three polymers differing in content of starch and density were selected for the composting. The pot experiment was conducted on three substrates: light and medium soil and on the sediment obtained after flotation of zinc and lead ores, coming from the landfill ZGH “Boleslaw” S.A. in Bukowno. The need for using such materials and substrates results from the conditions of processing some morphological fractions of municipal waste and from improving methods of reclamation. Yield enhancing effect of composts depends on the substrate on which the compost was used, cultivated plants and crop succession. Application of composts prepared with 8% of polymeric materials based on polyethylene, modified with starch as biocomponent, resulted in significantly lower yields in sandy (light) soil in case of oats and, in some cases, in medium soil. Subsequent plant yield did not differ significantly between the objects fertilized with compost.

2

Application of Sokolka compost to protect pesticide graveyard area

100%

Ignatowicz K. , Piekarski J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2015

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tom Vol. 16, nr 1

110--115

EN

The paper presents the results of the researches in sorption process. Selected waste materials were checked to build a barrier for pesticide migration from existing graveyards. Due to primary researches Sokolka compost was selected for further researches. The sorption barrier was designed by the surface and underground water run-off. The line of the barrier was made around the centre of graveyard, 0.5 meter width and 4.0 meters deep up to the non-permeable ground layer. GC analyses have shown the presence of pesticides in piezometer before the barrier and no pesticides in water outside sorption barrier. Due to researches it was found that prevention barrier was successful.

3

Food industry waste composting in a rotational reactor

100%

Tronina P. , Bubel F.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2008

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tom 10

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nr 2

37-42

EN

The permanently rising costs of food industry waste management create a real necessity for searching for new economical and environmentally friendly technologies with which such waste can be utilized. The purpose of this study was an evaluation of waste composting using rotational reactor technology with further use of the resultant product as a fertilizer. In order to conduct the research, a rotational reactor was designed and constructed. For the composting process, such waste materials as meat and bone pulp, past its sell-by date dairy and bakery products, sawdust, poultry and cattle manure, were used. The composition of the composted masses was chosen so that their approximate C:N:P proportions and consistency were appropriate for the growth of biodegradating micro-organisms. The efficiency of the presented technology was evaluated based on the inactivation of selected strains of bacteria and the eggs of invasive parasites. The products obtained were tested by the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation in Puławy with regard to its possible environmental usage.

4

The Effect of Compost Made With Sewage Sludge on Heavy Metal Content in Soil and in Lolium Multiflorum Lam

100%

Malinowska E.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2016

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tom Vol. 17, nr 3

106--112

EN

The aim of this paper is to assess the effects of different doses of sewage sludge compost mixed with wheat straw on heavy metal content in Italian ryegrass and in soil. A two year experiment with the Italian ryegrass was set up in autumn 2012. The experimental design consisted of a control plot, a plot with NPK fertiliser and three plots with three different doses of municipal sewage sludge compost (5, 10 and 15 Mg of fresh matter·ha-1). Those different compost doses contained the amounts of Nitrogen equivalent to 60, 120 and 180 kg·N.ha-1. The two lower doses of compost were supplemented with nitrogen fertiliser so that the amount of this chemical element introduced to the soil of all plots with compost stood at 180 kg·ha-1. During 2013 and 2014 seasons the grass was cut three times a year after about a 30-day growing period. After dry mineralisation, the content of Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb and Cd in the plant samples was measured with the ICP-AES method. The fertilisers applied significantly diversified the content of chemical elements in the grass and in the soil. The highest dose of compost resulted in the highest concentration of Zn, Cu and Cd in the grass while the highest concentration of Ni and Pb was in the soil and the grass from the plot where the mid dose of compost had been applied. Cadmium concentration in the soil was the highest in the plot where the mid dose was applied. The experiment proved that compost made with sewage sludge and wheat straw is beneficial for plants.

5

The influence of the composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge on the available forms of phosphorus in the soil as well as the yield of the seeds of spring rape

100%

Krzywy E. , Krzywy-Gawrońska E. , Krzywy J. , Gutowska I.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2007

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tom 9

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nr 4

98-101

EN

The field and laboratory experiment was carried on the brown incomplete soil of the complex of rye good. The obtained results in the yield experiment show that the composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge increased essentially the yield of the seeds of spring rape in comparison with the control variant. Doubling of the doses of mineral nitric - potassium fertilization against the background of the composts did not have a significant influence on increasing the yield of the seeds of spring rape in comparison with the single doses. The composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge in the field and laboratory experiment caused a significant increase of the content of the available forms of phosphorus in the soil. As time went by the distribution of the composts in the soil, the content of the available forms of phosphorus increased.

6

Holenderski producent kompostu wykorzystuje otwarte standardy do automatyzacji. Uprawa pieczarek z wykorzystaniem systemu Profinet

100%

Frevert G.

Napędy i Sterowanie

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2006

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tom R. 8, nr 10

63-65

PL

Holenderska firma CNC Grondstoffen B.V. (dalej zwana CNC) wytwarza kompost do uprawy pieczarek, które stanowią ceniony składnik wielu menu. Podjąwszy decyzję o modernizacji automatyki, CNC wybrało technologię sieciową wykorzystującą systemy Profinet i Profibus. Pieczarki w menu - Na przestrzeni ostatniego stulecia pieczarka została na stałe włączona do wielu menu. Dawniej jedynie nieliczni szczęśliwcy mogli delektować się jej smakiem, a teraz jest powszechnie dostępna na rynku i stanowi najważniejszy grzyb jadalny w przemyśle spożywczym.

7

Kompost sporzadzany wg zasad rolnictwa ekologicznego

100%

Rymanowska M.

Biuletyn Informacyjno-Handlowy. Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego Boguchwała

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1997

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nr 09

11-12

8

Ocena stopnia dojrzałości kompostu wytwarzanego na bazie osadów ściekowych

100%

Walendzik B.

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2008

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tom T. 87, nr 5

608-609

9

The leaching of mineral nitrogen forms from light soil fertilized with compost and sewage sludge

100%

Rajmund A. , Czyżyk F. , Paszkiewicz-Jasińska A. , Kopacz M.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2018

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tom Vol. 44, no. 3

319--327

EN

The research was carried out in the years 2003-2013 in lysimeters filled with loamy sand. The leachate was tested in three variants: Z - no fertilization, S - 20 g-m-2 of N delivered annually in sewage sludge and C - 20 g-m-2 of N in the form of compost. The lysimeters were planted with Miscanthus giganteus, which is an energy plant with a high demand for water and nutrients. The amount of leaching of mineral nitrogen forms was determined on the basis of measured volumes of leachates from the soil and volumes of ammonium nitrogen (N-NH4) and nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3) contained in them. The research results showed a significant increase in the average content of mineral nitrogen forms in the effluents from the fertilized soil (S - 6.8 mg-dm-3 of N-NO3 and 0.3 mg-dm-3 of N-NH4, C - 7.8 mg-dm-3 of N-NO3 and 0.4 mg-dm-3 of N-NH4), compared to their concentrations in the leachates from non-fertilized soil (Z - 2.1 mg-dm-3 of N-NO3 and 0.2 mg-dm-3 of N-NH4). The content of mineral forms of nitrogen, in particular N-NO3, were similar in both fertilization variants. The lowest concentrations of mineral nitrogen in the leachates occurred in the third and fourth year after planting Miscanthus giganteus, when it entered the period of the highest yield. In the fifth year, due to a cold, snowless winter, there was a weakened growth of plants, which resulted in an increase in the concentration of mineral nitrogen in the leachates from the fertilized soil. It follows that in addition to the intensity of precipitation, the collection of this component by plants primarily influences nitrogen leaching from the soil. The general amount of mineral nitrogen leached from the soil was not large and amounted Z - 2.5 kg-m-2, S - 6.7 kg-m-2, C - 6.4 kg-m-2. This testifies to the intense collection of this form of nitrogen by Miscanthus giganteus.

10

Influence of agricultural utilization of sludge and compost from rural wastewater treatment plant on nitrogen passes in light soil

100%

Czyżyk F. , Rajmund A.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2014

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tom 16

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nr 1

1-6

EN

This paper presents the results of studies which aim was to determine the pollution of the water environment for both methods of preparation for the utilization of sewage sludge in agriculture. The study was conducted in 2008-2012 in lysimeters filled with light sandy soil (clayey sand). During the study variants with equal doses of nitrogen in an amount of 20 g . m-2 (15.7 g per one lysimeter) were supplied to the soil in sewage sludge and in the compost made from the same sludge. These variants were used three times for two species of perennial plants: Miscanthus gigantenus i Sida hermaphrodita Rusby. In a variant of sludge soil fertilizing, it was leached into water environment more than 12% of the applied nitrogen over 5 years of research. In case of compost nitrogen leaching was reduced to 8.1-10.0% of the quantity supplied to the soil.

11

Analiza profili temperatury w procesie dojrzewania pryzmy kompostowej

100%

Masiuk S. , Rakoczy R.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

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2006

|

tom Nr 5s

78-80

EN

The aim of the study was to present the measurements of local temperature changes with time in a ripening compost heap. The experimental investigations of temperature profiles are described analytically for the immovable and aerated heap and are shown in a form of isotherms.

12

Influence of agricultural utilization of sludge and compost from rural wastewater treatment plant on nitrogen passes in light soil

100%

Czyżyk F. , Rajmund A.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

|

2014

|

tom Vol. 16, nr 1

1-6

EN

This paper presents the results of studies which aim was to determine the pollution of the water environment for both methods of preparation for the utilization of sewage sludge in agriculture. The study was conducted in 2008-2012 in lysimeters filled with light sandy soil (clayey sand). During the study variants with equal doses of nitrogen in an amount of 20 g . m-2 (15.7 g per one lysimeter) were supplied to the soil in sewage sludge and in the compost made from the same sludge. These variants were used three times for two species of perennial plants: Miscanthus gigantenus i Sida hermaphrodita Rusby. In a variant of sludge soil fertilizing, it was leached into water environment more than 12% of the applied nitrogen over 5 years of research. In case of compost nitrogen leaching was reduced to 8.1-10.0% of the quantity supplied to the soil.

13

Evaluation of the Commercial Bio-Activator and a Traditional Bio-Activator on Compost Using Takakura Method

100%

Wikurendra E. A. , Nurika G. , Herdiani N. , Lukiyono Y. T.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 6

278--285

EN

Developing countries have a serious problem of limited land for handling organic waste. New, simple, and economical methods that can be applied maximally by people in developing countries are needed. This study aimed to evaluate commercial bio-activator (EM4) and traditional bio-activator in compost using the takakura method. Seven treatments were carried out to determine the most effective mixture to be applied to composting using the takakura method. The graph of fluctuations in temperature, humidity and pH in the composting process with seven different treatments shows that the activity of decomposing microorganisms is going well. A mixture of 2 kg organic waste and 500 ml EM4 has the values of potassium oxide (K2O), phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), and nitrogen which meet the compost content requirements based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI-19-7030-2004).

14

Agro-economic analysis of compost derived from organic kitchen wastes

100%

Erdal İ. , Demircan V. , Aynaci D. , Ekinci K.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2017

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tom nr II/2

747--755

EN

In this research, it was aimed to determine the amount of compost obtained from organic kitchen waste in Isparta province and the resulting economic loss when these wastes were not recycled as compost. Composting of organic kitchen wastes collected from the selected households was carried out in a home composter in the Laboratory of Composting and Biogas, Department of Agricultural Machinery and Technology Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University. The results showed that the concentrations of N, P2O5 , K2O, MgO, and CaO of the finished compost were determined as 1.73%, 1.00%, 1.91%, 1.00%, and 3.72%, respectively. Results revealed that kitchen organic waste corresponding to 0.66 kg N, 0.38 kg P2O5 , 0.73 kg K2O, 0.38 kg MgO, and 1.41 kg CaO kitchen waste per household per year was wasted without utilization. In the study, the economic value of the wastes when not recycled as compost was determined as 54658$, 29389$, and 111237$ per year corresponding urea, triple superphosphate, and potassium sulphate, respectively based on the commercial fertilizer price. It was determined that compost obtained from organic kitchen wastes was found to be 386164$ per year when economic value was calculated directly as compost rather than as equivalent commercial fertilizer.

15

Wpływ pracy separatorów na usuwanie wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych (WWA) z wód opadowych i roztopowych

100%

Siebielska I. , Szymański K.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2013

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tom Tom 15, cz. 1

749--765

EN

It's common to find petroleum substances, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in the sewer or haw waters of the urban environment. These polluted waters flows directly to the urban sewer system in the form of a wastewater. Examination of such events has been carried out in the city of Slupsk, the Pomorskie Voivodeship. In order to limit the polluted surface and rain water flow to the salmon river, twelve oil separators has been deployed around the city. First phase consisted of four such deployments. The separators were designed to filter the rain and surface waters. The following efficiency evaluation showed that according to polish law, in any case the PAH limits has not been reached. Evaluation of easily downward suspension samples also showed trace amounts of the substances. In 40 evaluation series (4 separators x 10 series) the limit was exceeded in 13 cases. The average efficiency of the separators was calculated to be 67.5%. For the four previously described separators the efficiency was as follows: Separator 5 and 17 – 80%, Separator 13 – 70%, Separator 14 – 40%.

16

Productivity Model of Herbal Bioenergy Cultures Depending on Biometric Indicators of Overhead Mass

100%

Lopushniak V. , Тоnkha О. , Hrytsuliak H. , Lopushniak H. , Polutrenko M. , Poberezhna L. , Gamayunova V. , Pikovska O. , Jakubowski T. , Kotsyubynska Y.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, iss. 2

162--172

EN

The research was carried out on the territory of c. Tsenzhiv of Yamnytsya territorial community of Ivano-Frankivsk region on sod-podzolic degraded soils according to the generally accepted research methods. The productivity of miscanthus and switchgrass depends on the biometric indicators of plants, namely the height of plants and the number of stems. Correct models of miscanthus and switchgrass productivity are calculated depending on the dose of sewage sludge. For miscanthus, the correlation coefficient r = 0.952 and for switchgrass r = 0.951, which indicates a high linear relationship between plant height, number of stems and productivity. The dry matter yield in grass energy crops varies according to fertilizer application. The productivity of the agrophytocenosis of miscanthus is much higher than that of switchgrass. With the addition of sewage sludge at a dose of 40 t/ha, the dry matter yield under the same growing conditions in the agrophytocenosis of miscanthus is 12.2 t/ha, or 3.3 t/ha higher than the productivity of agrophytocenosis switchgrass. The use of composts based on SS + straw (3: 1)) – 30 t/ha + N30K55, has a significant impact on yield, providing the highest productivity of miscanthus – 13.0 t/ha, and switchgrass – 9.6 t/ha. In order to obtain stable biomass productivity of grass energy crops (miscanthus and switchgrass), it is advisable to use compost of sewage sludge and straw in a ratio of 3: 1 at a dose of 30 t/ha. Thus, two important problems are partially solved, namely increasing the productivity of energy crops and utilizing municipal waste (sewage sludge).

17

Influence of Ozone Aeration on Toxic Metal Content and Oxygen Activity in Green Waste Compost

100%

Gliniak M. , Grabowski Ł. , Wołosiewicz-Głąb M. , Polek D.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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tom Vol. 18, nr 4

90--94

EN

This paper presents the results of work on the reduction of toxic metal content while decreasing its oxygen activity. During the study the effects of different doses of ozone in the air used for aeration of the stabilized compost in the first post-thermophilic phase were analyzed. The results showed the possibility of reducing the concentrations of toxic metals and decrease the activity of oxygen by up to 30%, compared to traditional stabilized compost aeration system without using ozone.

18

Use of spent mushroom compost in sustainable fruit production

100%

Uzun I.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

|

2004

|

tom 12

|

nr Spec.ed.

19

Acidity and Sorption Properties of Zinc-Contaminated Soil Following the Application of Neutralising Substances

88%

Wyszkowski M. , Modrzewska B.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2016

|

tom Vol. 17, nr 1

63--68

EN

Soil plays the most important role in the cycling of elements in the terrestrial environment. Contamination of soil with heavy metals have effect on all soil organism and plants. For this reason, studies have been carried out to assess the possibility of neutralising the effect of zinc (0, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 mg Zn kg,-1 of soil) on soil properties by applying neutralising substances (compost, bentonite and zeolite). Soil acidity and sorption properties depended on zinc contamination and on the type of neutralising substances added. In the series without an addition of neutralising substances, increasing zinc soil contamination resulted in a decrease in total exchangeable bases, in cation exchange capacity and in the saturation degree of the degree of base saturation, and an increase in soil hydrolytic acidity. An addition of bentonite to zinc-contaminated soil had the most advantageous effect of all the additions of neutralising substances on the tested soil properties. It resulted in an increase in soil pH, in total exchangeable bases, in cation exchange capacity, in the degree of base saturation and simultaneously decreased soil hydrolytic acidity compared to the series without additions. Adding zeolite and compost to soil had a small and usually insignificant effect on soil acidity and soil sorption properties.

20

Decomposition of Single-use Products Made of Bioplastic under Real Conditions of Urban Composting Facility

88%

Báreková A. , Demovičová M. , Tátošová L. , Danišová L. , Medlenová E. , Hlaváčiková S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, nr 4

265--272

EN

According to Directive (EU) 2019/904 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019, single-use plastic cutlery, cotton buds, straws and stirrers will be banned in the member states of EU from summer 2021 onwards. Many of them are being replaced by compostable products. The aim of the research was to assess the biological disintegration of selected single-use products under real conditions of urban composting facility. All tested products are established for the Slovak market as 100% compostable by a composting facility. The eight selected products from five different producers were placed into a composting pile of the urban composting facility for 12 weeks. The samples were visually inspected on a regular basis. Temperature and humidity of the pile were continuously measured at the same time. Three samples from each kind of tested product were analyzed, 3 pieces of filter paper were used as the reference samples. The research showed that all tested products were completely or partially disintegrated during the considered period. The average degree of the disintegration of 90% was not reached for one producer only.