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EN
Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk) limestones and dolostones of southern Poland contain vertebrate remains, which can be used for palaeoecological and palaeogeographical analyses. The results presented concern vertebrate remains uncovered at four localities in Upper Silesia and one on Opole Silesia, a region representing the south-eastern margin of the Germanic Basin in Middle Triassic times. The most abundant remains in this assemblage are fish remains, comprising mostly actinopterygian teeth and scales. Chondrichthyan and sauropsid remains are less common. Reptilian finds include vertebrae, teeth and fragments of long bones, belonging to aquatic or semi-aquatic reptiles, such as nothosaurids, pachypleusorosaurids, and ichthyosaurids. Also, coprolites of possibly durophagous and predacious reptiles occur. In the stratigraphic column of Mikołów, actinopterygian remains are the most numerous and no distinct changes of the taxonomic composition occur. Although this assemblage differs from those described at other localities (Ząbkowice with numerous chondrichthyans, Żyglin, and Płaza with common sauropsid fossils), sampling bias has to be considered.
EN
A single specimen of nakedband gaper, Champsodon nudivittis (Ogilby, 1895), indigenous to the Indo West Pacific, was captured on 18 January 2008 from the Iskenderun Bay, Turkey. This is the first record of this species in the Mediterranean Sea. The most likely way of introduction would be via ships’ ballast waters.
EN
A specimen of Facciola’s sorcerer, Facciolella oxyrhyncha (Bellotti, 1883), was caught for the first time in the central Aegean Sea, on January 2007 by a commercial bottom trawler at a depth of about 230 m on the muddy bottom of Southern Sigacik Bay, Aegean Sea, Turkey.
Kosmos
|
2017
|
tom 66
|
nr 3
441-447
PL
Ryby promieniopłetwe (Actinopterygii) stanowią największą grupę żyjących kręgowców, liczącą obecnie około 30 tysięcy gatunków. W obrębie tej grupy taksonomicznej panuje olbrzymie zróżnicowanie pod względem anatomicznym, behawioralnym, a także ekologicznym. W ostatnich latach obserwujemy wzrost zainteresowania badaczy budową morfogentyczną kresomózgowia ryb promieniopłetwych, do których należy Danio rerio, organizm modelowy coraz częściej wykorzystywany do badań nad wczesną fazą rozwoju mózgu. Niniejsza praca jest próbą opisania zjawiska ewersji. Zjawisko to wymaga dalszych prac nad wyjaśnieniem przyczyn oraz poznaniem mechanizmów molekularnych, a także skutków behawioralnych istnienia tego procesu.
EN
Actinopteryngian fish constitute the biggest group of living vertebrates, which currently comprises around 30 thousand species. Within this taxonomic group there occurs a huge differentiation in respect of anatomy, behaviour and ecological enviroment. In the last few years we have observed an increasing interest of scientists in the morphogenetic structure of the telencephalon of actinopheryngians. Danio rerio, a model organism for this group of fish, is increasingly used in studies on early phase of brain development. What particularly deserves attention is the distinct type of development of this part of brain in comparison with that of other vertebrates. The cause of this diversity is a phenomenon called eversion. This work consists an attempt to describe the phenomenon of eversion, which still needs further work to explain the causes and molecular mechanisms of cognition and behavioural effects of appearance of this process.
EN
The first record of bluespotted cornetfish Fistularia commersonii Rüppell, 1835, (Fistulariidae) from the depth of 30 m, caught off the coast of Benghazi, Libya (Southern Mediterranean), is reported herewith.
EN
Captures of the slender sunfish, Ranzania laevis, are reported off the coastline of the cities of Sohar and Seeb, Oman Sea, Sultanate of Oman in February and March 2009. Their association with the environmental factors such as warming process is discussed.
EN
One specimen of the dusky spinefoot, Siganus luridus (Rüppell, 1829) (♀, total length = 17.3 cm, total weight = 87.61 g), a lessepsian migrant, was captured in the Mljet Channel (Southern Adriatic, Croatian coast) on 15 November 2010. This is the second record of this species from the Adriatic, but first well documented and based on the captured specimen. First record occurred earlier in the Northern Adriatic, but was based solely on underwater observations.
EN
One specimen of the Cadenat’s rockfish, Scorpaena loppei Cadenat, 1943 (Scorpeanidae), was caught off Marmaris (eastern Aegean Sea, Turkey) on 27 December 2008 by bottom trawl net. The specimen was 56.15 mm total length. S. loppei is evidently rare in the Aegean Sea than it is in the western Mediterranean.
EN
The burrowing goby, Trypauchen vagina, is recorded for the first time in the Mediterranean. It is believed that it reached the Mediterranean from the Red Sea, despite the lack of a record from there, due to its well documented presence in the Arabian Gulf.
EN
Almost six years after the first finding of the round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Gobiidae) in the Netherlands, several specimens of this invasive Ponto-Caspian benthic fish were also recorded in the Belgian part of the River Scheldt and in the Albert Canal. This is the first record of the round goby in Belgium.
EN
The new neopterygian fish taxon Luoxiongichthys hyperdorsalis gen. et sp. nov. is established on the basis of five specimens from the second member of the Guanling Formation (Anisian, Middle Triassic) from Daaozi Quarry, Luoping, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. The new taxon is characterized by the following characters: triangular body outline with a distinct apex located between skull and dorsal fin; free maxilla; slender preopercular almost vertical; three suborbitals; at least eight strong branchiostegals with tubercles and comb−like ornamentation on the anterior margin; clavicles present; two postcleithra; ganoid scales covered by tubercles and pectinate ornamentation on the posterior margin with peg−and−socket structure; hemiheterocercal tail slightly forked. Comparison with basal actinopterygians reveals that the new taxon has parasemionotid−like triangular symplectics, but a semionotid opercular system. Cladistic analysis suggests that this new genus is a holostean, and either a basal halecomorph or basal semionotiform.
EN
Background. Achtheres percarum is an important copepod parasite (Crustacea: Copepoda) of European perch. Adult females permanently attach to the gill arches, roof of the mouth, tongue, and gill filaments. Attachment, at the latter site, may result in necrosis and epithelial hypertrophy, both compromising fish respiration during oxygen deficiencies. Adult males can move freely on gills of perch. To date there has been no published record of the complete set of developmental stages of this fish parasite. Provision of such may have practical implications for freshwater ichthyopathology, for example helping to monitor the dynamics of the parasite’s populations. It may also provide useful information regarding copepod phylogenetics. Materials and Methods. Early developmental stages (nauplius and copepodid) of A. percarum were acquired through incubation of eggs within egg sacs of females collected from European perch, Perca fluviatilis L., caught commercially in 1994 in Lake Dąbie, Szczecin, Poland. All subsequent larval stages were collected from gills of perch caught in the same lake, in 1990. All copepods were fixed and preserved in 75% ethanol. A modified "wooden slide" method was used to observe the collected developmental stages in a suspended drop of lactic acid, using a compound microscope. Specimens were stained in lignin pink and morphologic details of were drawn using a drawing tube. Results. The life cycle of A. percarum consists of 7 developmental stages, separated by moults (nauplius, copepodid, chalimus I, chalimus II, chalimus III, chalimus IV, and adult). The nauplius hatches from the egg and quickly moults into the copepodid. Both stages are free swimming and the copepodid is the infective stage, attaching to the host′s gill filaments, through the frontal filament. The subsequent chalimus stages (I through IV) "inherit" the copepodid′s frontal filament, modifying its proximal end, such that the structure of the proximal end of the frontal filament explicitly identifies the stage of a chalimus. Two adult males were found attaching, by means of claws of its maxillipeds, to the frontal filament, left over by previous stages. Conclusion. The number of developmental stages of A. percarum determined within the presently reported study is consistent with that hitherto found in the life cycles of other lernaeopodids.
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