Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The Relationship among the Somatic Characteristics, Age and Covered Distance of Football Players

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Soroka A. , Bergier J.

Human Movement

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2011

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tom 12

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nr 4

353-360

EN

Purpose. The aim of this article was to define the somatic characteristics, BMI index, age and total distance covered of football players who participated in the 2008 European Football Championships. The article also pointed to any significant interrelationships. Methods. On the basis of a game analysis system, the Castrol Performance Index, the 248 football players who participated in all 32 games of the Championships were subject to analysis based on the distance covered during the games, with the results statistically analyzed and compared with the players' somatic characteristics. In addition, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used as a non-parametric counterpart of one-way analysis of variance. Results. The highest values of the somatic characteristics such as height, body mass, age and the BMI index were found in goalkeepers. The longest distances covered during the games were attained by midfielders and side midfielders, whereas the shortest distances covered were by goalkeepers and central defenders. Larger values of height and body mass corresponded to smaller covered distances by players during the games. Conclusions. The indicated dependences, which were found among the players' age, height, body mass and covered distance during the games allows one to define the usefulness of a player in a particular team formation. The covered distance, particularly in correlation with the mentioned morphological indicators, which to a great extent are genetically conditioned, could be used as criterion towards specifying in the most accurate way which formation a particular player should play in, based on his genetic predisposition.

2

Snow on the Gridiron: A Brief History of Canadian Football

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Fogel C.

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EN

Football is played throughout the far regions of the world. There is no other sport that brings so many people together locally, nationally, and internationally. Football is not, however, a unified sport with shared rules, customs and histories across time and space. In contrast, football is largely a different sport depending on where it is being played. This paper traces the development of Canadian football as a unique sport with strong similarities to and subtle differences from American football, as well as clear distinctions from forms of football played outside of North America.

3

MAXIMUM LOCOMOTOR SPEED OF THE BEST FOOTBALL PLAYERS AT THE FIFA WORLD CUP IN BRAZIL

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Bojkowski Ł. , Śliwowski R. , Wieczorek A.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2016

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tom 16

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nr 4

103-110

EN

In comprehensive preparation of a player to football competition special attention is paid to his predispositions in terms of speed abilities. Therefore, the authors’ objective was to analyse maximum locomotor speed of players of the four best national teams competing during the FIFA World Cup in Brazil, including specifying the differences in terms of speeds of these national teams and players in corresponding playing positions of individual teams. The analysis used data obtained using the Castrol Performance Index, a kinematic method and in order to present significance of differences between the studied teams and playing positions one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed. The study showed that the mean maximum running speed of the players of the four best teams of the World Cup was 8.34 metres/ second. The mean maximum locomotive speed of the defenders in semi-finalist teams of the tournament was 8.29 m/s, while the midfielders’ speed was – 8.16 m/s, the forwards’ – 8.48 m/s and the goalkeepers’ – 7.40 m/s. The players who had a maximum speed of 9 m/s or more were the Dutchman Ron Vlaar (9.16 m/s) and the Argentines José María Basanta (9.09 m/s) and Ángel Di Maria (9.17 m/s). There is no significant difference between the world’s best teams, including between their corresponding playing positions, in the level of maximum running speeds determining the dynamics of the game.

4

Opowieści niesztampowe – o futbolu na poważnie, rec. książki: Kopalnia. Sztuka futbolu 5

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Najtkowski B.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2021

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nr 23

97-104

5

Maradona bez maski, rec. książki: Jimmy Burns, Maradona. Ręka Boga

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Kubiaczyk F.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2021

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nr 23

111-116

6

Image Crisis in Legia Warszawa Sports Klub Following Accusationsof Attacking Members of Hapoel Petah Tikva Team by Legia’s Fans – Situation Analysis and Evaluation

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Łapiński K. , Mastalerek M.

Social Communication. Online Journal

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2018

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nr Special Issue

96-105

EN

Today sports plays a very important role in marketing, brand image building and also in the entire promotion process in organizations. In order to obtain the planned and crucial for every entity involved effects, there should be the relationship between the product and the sport [Pogorzelski,2010, p 14]. Not every sport provides the opportunity of shaping the image safely and at the level expected by the entity involved.

7

SIGNIFICANCE OF CONTROLLING THE INTENSITY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF EFFORT IN FOOTBALL

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Buryta R.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2013

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tom 2

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nr 2

3-8

EN

The problem of evaluating and defining physical endurance of athletes has been the subject of a great body of research and scientific discussion. In team sports, especially football, the energy protection of working muscles in players requires the use of almost all metabolic pathways: aerobic, anaerobic and aerobic-anaerobic. Because of the varying pace of action, the share of energy conversions in muscle cells changes rapidly during a match. Another concern voiced by scientists and football coaches is the question of whether fitness training should always be performed with football balls. The aim of this paper was to present the necessity of monitoring the development of aerobic fitness in football players, and also to answer the question of whether motoric training in football may be performed with balls.

8

Not Just For Kicks

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Usakiewicz K.

Colloquia Humanistica

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2016

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nr 5

EN

Not Just For KicksThe match-up between Makabi and Inter did not attract many spectators. The weather was likely the only factor at play, since that Saturday in November was extremely nasty. That was because the game was held not in Haifa or even Milan, but in the Warsaw district of Mokotów. To be precise, on a small but well-kept field lined with artificial turf in the so-called Jordan’s Garden. The game, lasting fifty minutes including the break, was not especially fierce, and ended with Inter’s confident victory 5–1. Esej, który uzyskał wyróżnienie (drugie miejsce) w europejskim konkursie młodych badaczy (the Young Academies) w 2014 roku.

9

Analysis of football player’s motion in view of fractional calculus

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Couceiro M. , Clemente F. , Martins F.

Open Physics

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2013

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tom 11

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nr 6

714-723

EN

Accurately retrieving the position of football players over time may lay the foundations for a whole series of possible new performance metrics for coaches and assistants. Despite the recent developments of automatic tracking systems, the misclassification problem (i.e., misleading a given player by another) still exists and requires human operators as final evaluators. This paper proposes an adaptive fractional calculus (FC) approach to improve the accuracy of tracking methods by estimating the position of players based on their trajectory so far. One half-time of an official football match was used to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed approach under different sampling periods of 250, 500 and 1000 ms. Moreover, the performance of the FC approach was compared with position-based and velocity-based methods. The experimental evaluation shows that the FC method presents a high classification accuracy for small sampling periods. Such results suggest that fractional dynamics may fit the trajectory of football players, thus being useful to increase the autonomy of tracking systems.

10

Changes of Lactate Threshold during a Half-Year Training Cycle in "Arka Gdynia" Football Players

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Ignatiuk W. , Rompa P. , Radzimiński Ł. , Dargiewicz R. , Jastrzębski Z.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2010

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tom 2

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nr 2

104-112

EN

Background: The aim of this study was to assess lactate threshold changes during a half-year training cycle in S.S.A. "Arka Gdynia" football team.Material/Methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 17 "Arka Gdynia" Football Club players. The subjects participated in premier league competitions in autumn 2009/10 season. Apart from league matches (17) the players took part in Remes Polish Cup (2 matches). Aerobic capacity tests were conducted at the beginning of the summer preparatory season (test 1 - 27th June 2009), during the competitive season (test 2 - 2nd September 2009) and at the beginning of the winter preparatory season (test 3 - 13th January 2010). The players underwent an incremental running test. Running speed (V/LT) and heart rate (HR/LT) at the lactate threshold were determined.Results: An analysis of mean running speed values at LT intensity in each study confirms that during the first two tests participants achieved the same mean value of the ratio V/LT (3.80 m/s). The last test revealed a regression of the results by 0.17 m/s. The lowest standard deviation (± 0.20 m/s) was observed in the first study, which indicates that the diversity of the group was the smallest.Conclusions: Goalkeepers achieved statistically lower (p<0.05) values of running speed at the intensity corresponding to the anaerobic threshold (V/LT) in relation to field players.

11

Critical Moments in Elite Premiership Football: Who Do You Think You Are?

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Nesti M. , Littlewood M. , O’Halloran L. , Eubank M. , Richardson D.

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EN

The present paper aims to specifically outline the critical moments that permeate professional football players’ development and existence in elite level English Premiership football. It also recognises the role of the applied sport psychologist in working with top players to address issues that challenge, impact (and change) player identity and personal meaning as they travel through their career from youth to professional to retirement. We conclude the paper by introducing some alternative perspectives on theory and practice. The paper is a result of the combined interests and applied activity of the authors and draws from theoretical frameworks and concepts in social psychology, existential phenomenological psychology and sociology. In this regard the paper attempts to synthesise (and celebrate) complimentary disciplines in order to allow us to consider the individual player within their social context.

12

Unfinished league season of football

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Kopociński B.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2001

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tom Vol. 34, nr 2

461-468

13

SMALL-SIDED SOCCER GAME (1V1) IN GOALKEEPERS’ TRAINING

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Goliński D. , Muracki J. , Wolański P. , Klich S. , Murawska-Ciałowicz E.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2016

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tom 16

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nr 4

111-118

EN

Small-sided soccer games, i.e. 1v1 are often used in training, which results in a composite influence on the player. Training exercises stimulated in the game allow to master many skills, form habits and modify behaviors associated with solving specific situations during a match. The aim of the study was to assess the intensity of exercise during a 1v1 game for goalkeepers. Eight goalkeepers participated in the experiment (body weight 80.63 ±3.50 kg, body height 184.69 ±3.71 cm, BMI 23.64 ±0.74). All goalkeepers played 1v1 games. During the small-sided game players can use all the goalkeeper techniques to score a goal. During all of the matches, heart rate (HR) was recorded using a sport tester, LA was measured in the second minute after the end of each game. There was also collected data determining subjective assessment of the effort made by the players using Borg scale (RPE). The highest average HR and RPE were recorded in the third match, respectively (192.38 ±8.07 b/min; 14.38 ±2.07), while in the first match the examined parameters were on average 186 ±8.85 b/min; 11.38 ±1.51, and in the second 186.00 ±8.09 b/min; 13.50 ±1.85 respectively. The highest LA level was recorded after the second match and equaled 7.71 ±2.07 mmol/l (7.06 ±3.54 after the first match and 7.5 ±1.37 after the third match). The 1v1 game requires the use of similar to the real game actions, as well as the average exercise intensity is also similar to the scoringopportunity situations and conditions of a match.

14

O piłce nożnej z pasją

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Kubiaczyk F.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2017

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nr 15

289-300

EN

Rev. of: Zbyszko Melosik, Piłka nożna. Tożsamość, kultura i władza [Football. Identity, Culture and Power]

PL

Zbyszko Melosik, Piłka nożna. Tożsamość, kultura i władza, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań 2016, ss. 199

15

Lactate Threshold Changes in Soccer Players during the Preparation Period

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Jastrzębski Z. , Dargiewicz R. , Ignatiuk W. , Radzimiński Ł. , Rompa P. , Konieczna A.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2011

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tom 3

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nr 2

96-104

EN

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the anaerobic threshold (lactate threshold LT) changes during winter and summer preparation period in soccer premier league and first division players. It was assumed that the index value varies depending on the stage of a one-year training cycle.Material/Methods: Tests were conducted on the premier league and first division soccer players. Physical capacity tests were carried out at the beginning and at the end of the winter and summer preparation period. The tests covered 3 years: 2008 - 2010. Subjects performed an incremental running test according to Jastrzębski's method. The most important data obtained from this test are: running speed (V/LT) and heart rate (HR/LT) at LT.Results: At the beginning of summer preparations the players' speed corresponding to LT reached the value of 3.69 m/s ± 0.31 m/s, while at the end of this period it increased to 3.86 m/s ± 0.29 m/s. During the winter preparatory season the values of this index were 3.81 m/s ± 0.3 m/s and 3.80 m/s ± 0.21 m/s, respectively.Conclusions: Tested subjects showed lower values of running speed at LT level at the beginning of the summer preparatory season than at its end. At the final stage of the winter preparatory season HR values at LT were significantly lower than at the initial stage of this period.

16

Trends in the gameplay of European football players

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Soroka A.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2014

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tom 6

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nr 4

267-272

EN

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of footballers who participated in the 2008 and 2012 European Championships. The study was conducted by analysis of basic technical and tactical game. Material/Methods: The observation method in the form of a kinematic game analysis system was used to collect necessary data. The research material was based on analysis of 304 players participating in the 2008 European Championships and 277 players in the 2012 European Championships, with each tournament consisting of 31 matches. Statistica software was used to apply the Student’s t-test for the independent groups. Results: Higher values of indicators determining player’s efficiency were found in the teams participating in the 2012 tournament; significant differences were found in the total number (p = 0.048) and accuracy (p = 0.034) of shots taken by the most successful teams, in the number (p = 0.044), efficiency (p = 0.002) and accuracy (p < 0.001) of passes as well as in the length of distance covered (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A systematic increase in the efficiency of passes in subsequent tournaments points to an upward trend of this element in the game. An increase was also noted in the number of shots taken, which was accompanied by a decrease in shot accuracy. Modern football has become a fast team game with lots of passes of high reliability. Thus, training of young players should be focused on the development of playing techniques and motor skills

17

Social, Educational and Sports Character of Football Academy in Malbork

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Barnat W. , Jastrzębski Z. , Konieczna A. , Radzimiński Ł. , Jaskulska E. , Bichowska M.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2011

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tom 3

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nr 4

325-332

EN

The main sports aim of Football Academy is teaching and improving soccer skills of talented players from Malbork administrative district and the nearby areas as well as creating a two-stage sports training system targeted at young juniors (middle school - 3 years) and juniors (high school - 3 years). The main socio-educational aim is to support young players with a desirable set of values and create appropriate educational conditions for them to study at middle and high school.Judging by the three-year period of sports training and general educational activity in Football Academy in Malbork this practice can be described as systemic in terms of the second level of local government administration in Poland. Moreover, combining school education with sports training in the form of sports classes increases the effectiveness of soccer training and social integration. The main purpose of this paper was to present the organization and structure of Football Academy in Malbork.

18

The Effect of Core Stability and Functional Exercises on Selected Speed and Strength Parameters in Expert Female Footballers

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Niewolna N. , Zwierko T.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2015

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tom 12

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nr 4

91-97

EN

Designed to strengthen the deep (stabilizer) muscles which stabilize joints and ligaments, core stability exercises are important for the development of motor skills in athletes. In this research, we aimed to determine how a two-year program of core stability and functional exercises influenced the strength and speed of female football players. The tested athletes (n = 17) were members of Olimpia Szczecin MKS, a first division football club from Poland. Their mean age was 19.8 ±1.4 years, while the mean duration of sport experience was 6 years. We analyzed their running speed, as well as the maximal strength of eight major muscle groups: rectus abdominals, abdominal oblique, shoulder girdle, chest, upper limbs, quadriceps, biceps and gastronomies. The effects of training on motor speed and strength were measured twice, prior to each of the two seasons. The functional training resulted in significant changes in the strength of various muscle groups: quadriceps (Δ17.1 kg; p < 0.05), abdominal oblique muscle (Δ9.1 kg; p < 0.05), shoulder girdle (Δ3.6 kg; p < 0.05) and chest (Δ3.5 kg; p < 0.05). There was also a significant reduction in the time of the 30 meter sprint (p < 0.05) (Δ0.1 s; p < 0.05). In summary, functional training had a positive effect on the strength and running speed of the tested female footballers.

19

Proposal of a protocol for training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation in football

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Fernández Alquézar O. , Navarro Guillén J. , Sánchez Miguel R. , Zaragozà Biot M. C. , Alfaro Royo M. C. , Cárdenas Beltrán C. N.

Atena Journal of Public Health

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2019

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tom 1

4-4

EN

Objectives: A protocol for training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation in football is proposed. The protocol aims to train professionals in the field of football, as well as assess whether their training has been effective. The final objective is that, if necessary, they are able to carry out an intervention prior to the arrival of specialized care. Methods: The protocol is aimed at professionals in the field of football, as coaches or assistants, among others. The protocol consists of three phases: 1) Initial evaluation. 2) Training 3) Final evaluation. To obtain a positive evaluation, the participants must obtain a positive evaluation in all the evaluation criteria. Findings: It is expected that the percentage of participants with a positive evaluation after the training is significantly higher (p <0.05) than the percentage of participants with a positive evaluation before training, a result that will confirm the effectiveness of the proposed protocol for training on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in football. Conclusions: This protocol could be extrapolated to other sports and situations outside the sports field, such as shopping centers or schools.

20

Gender Identity in Female Football Players

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Wiliński W.

Human Movement

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2012

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tom 13

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nr 1

40-47

EN

Purpose. The aim of this study was to define the relationship between gender identity, the perception of the body, depressiveness, and aggression in female football players who represent different levels of competence (playing in the premier league vs. second league) and seniority in sport. Methods. Research was carried out on female football players (aged 16-31 years) playing in the premier league (N = 49) and second league (N = 45). Data were obtained with the use of: the Body Image Evaluation Questionnaire by Mandal, developed on the basis of Franzoi's concepts; Kuczyńska's Gender Assessment Inventory (IPP) adapted from the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), which diversifies individuals in terms of their gender identity in accordance to the Gender Schema Theory by Bem; the Beck Depression Inventory, translated by Lewicka and Czapiński; and the Buss-Durkee Inventory, adapted by Kosewski with comments from Stanik. To find a relationship between the mentioned variables, statistical analysis was carried out by use of ANOVA, the t test, the χ2 test and correlation coefficients. Results. The obtained research results indicate that, among female football players, the following occurs: a predominance of androgynous gender identities and a deficiency of its other types, a higher level of masculinity than among non-training women, a more favorable perception of body-as-process, a higher evaluation of body-as-object, along with an increase of masculinity and a decrease in indirect aggression at higher competition levels. Conclusions. The application of the masculinity dimension by female football players with androgynous gender identity is probably an effective strategy for survival in conditions that are unsuitable and gender-inappropriate in typical masculine sports.