Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

THE ROLE OF THE INTERNET IN THE BUILDING PROCESS OF A CIVIL SOCIETY (Rola internetu w budowaniu spoleczenstwa obywatelskiego)

100%

Gryczka M.

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nr 2(115)

107-122

EN

1. Purpose The purpose of the article is reviewing and assessing the role of the Internet as a medium for digital information exchange, also enabling individuals to publish their own content and to express private opinions in a public domain. 2. Methodology The research approach and methodology are based on the assumption that the popular tendency to assure universal access to the Internet should also be accompanied by diversified activities for propagating a practical utilization of the Internet (among others, for valuable ideas, innovation and knowledge dissemination). 3. Research limitations/implications Based on completed survey results and a comparative analysis of selected data one can conclude that contemporary communication media influence various aspects of public life more and more vividly, including the building process of a civil society. Despite the tiny respondent group, which should be considered as a research limitation, the survey results demonstrate that growing web accessibility and digital competencies can and should lead to the quality improvement of public debate (although the television seems to remain the main political and social medium in Poland so far). Moreover, a complete and conscious participation in the modern socio-cultural life will be more and more complicated without developed digital capabilities, so the prevention of technological exclusion is crucial for the society as a whole. 4. Originality/value The value of the article stems from emphasizing the importance of the development of digital capabilities and competencies in the building process of a civil society. It seems that this vital objective should be accomplished by large-scale educational activities initiated by diverse actors like family, different educational institutions and public sector organizations.

2

SLOVENSKÉ DIVADLO V PROSTREDÍ SPOLOČNOSTI – OD 80. ROKOV 20. STOROČIA PO DNEŠOK

80%

Podmaková D.

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tom 59

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nr 3

208 – 2017

EN

The paper provides a brief overview of the role of the theatre, its artistic and social functions during the indicated time period. It characterises the relationship between society and a theatre and against, and also the financial issues underlying this bond and the status of the theatre professionals. Through changed socio-political conditions after 1989, new opportunities have opened up to creative professionals who, at the same time, have lost their theme of a tacit revolt against the system and the metaphor as the major tool for naming “no-freedom“, shut-down state borders and for the non-existence of personal prospects. On the one hand, the open European space allows for exposure to new cultures, on the other hand, however, it is conducive to the unification of (self)-themes, of the role of an individual in the family and in society, to the grey mediocrity of quality, and to favouring form over content. Economic and, oftentimes, technocratic thinking would indirectly impact the value system of the theatre arts, its mission in the over-technologized world. The artistic functions of the theatre are bound to be defined and created by creative professionals (this holds provided that critique has a set of criteria applicable both within the theatre arts and vis-à-vis the society). The societal functions ought to be a component part of a knowledge-based society, with special concern for the cultural development of the society.

3

Lidové obrození a lidoví buditelé. Se zřetelem na sociální stratifikaci lidového národního hnutí 1800–1850

80%

Pfaff I.

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tom 15

5-59

EN

During the first half of the 19th century the existing social structures were incessantly disintegrating and at the same time new structures were appearing. This process is in Czech historiography commonly known as the 'National Revival'. Historians have viewed this historical period from different viewpoints that were strongly influenced by the contemporary methodological and even ideological positions. The National Revival was a very complex and structured process that was due, in addition to the objective historical trends, also to heterogeneous social components of the changing Czech society (townsmen, petty bourgeoisie and rural population, wage laborers, craftsmen, farmers, businessmen, clerks, artists, intelligentsia, priests, emerging industrial and financial bourgeoisie, etc.) Each social element made a specific contribution to the National Revival process, which must be studied in its entirety.

4

Pedagogy as a Concept Creation and as Social Practice

80%

Starego K.

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nr 4(198)

127-139

EN

Pedagogy as a social practice is tightly bound with a broad context of relations between forces that exist within the social field. This horizon, established by the historical, economic and political conditions has a decisive impact upon the form of modern pedagogy's conceptual space. One of the issues that seem to play a very important role in pedagogy today is that of 'marketization of education'. The author considers the origins and the effects of the economic rationality's domination in modern pedagogical thought. The possibility of bringing an end to a 'crisis' of the disciplinary autonomy is seen in return of the pedagogy to its own field of thought and in concept constructivism based on Deleuze's and Guattari's notion of 'concept creation'.

5

Kwestie etniczne i językowe na Śląsku w „długim wieku” XVI

80%

Lipiński C.

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tom 68

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nr 2

75–84

EN

The primary issue considered in this paper is the question to what extent Silesia in the long 16th century can be considered a region cohesive in the ethnical and linguistic context. Available research materials indicate deepening bilingual tendencies in the region, however the extent of each of the languages and ethnic groups are impossible to adequately asses due to constant changes in the demographical situation of Silesia, changes brought about by various factors, including economic and political. It is true that humanism formed an integrating factor, which led to the formation of local patriotism. Due to this phenomenon there came to be a belief in the existence of „Silesian Nation” as well as the need to look for a factor binding the population together, something extending beyond the ius soli principle. Seeing as both „the love of Motherland – Silesia” and the spreading of the idea of the Silesian Nation were both constructs of groups of humanists and scholars, the first important bridge with the symbolical culture was Latin, quickly replaced by the solidified German-language culture. It dominated lay culture at the end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th century, paving the way for development in the following centuries.

6

“Consensual Dictatorship” (Zustimmungsdiktatur) And “Community Of The People” (Volksgemeinschaft). Some Reflections On The Interaction Between Nazi State And German Society In The Persecution Of The Jews After 1933

80%

Bajohr F.

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2010

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nr 2(14)

521-526

EN

The persecution of the Jews in Nazi Germany after 1933 cannot solely be explained as a political process implemented by the state and the Nazi Party. The exclusion and isolation of Jews in particular was also part of a social process, characterized by a close interaction between the Nazi dictatorship and German society: A process into which the German population was involved actively. Therefore it is not enough to analyze the attitudes of the German population toward the ongoing persecution; the participation of non -Jewish Germans in this process involved actions as well. My following remarks focus on this interaction and the main factors responsible for it.

7

Sociolingvistická situace v Galicii

80%

Pickova L.

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tom 89

|

nr 1

1-12

EN

Galicia is in the far north-west of the Iberian peninsula. It was an independent kingdom, until the mid-14th century, was Galician the language of the whole society. Since it had no native nobility or bourgeoisie, Galicia fell under permanent Castilian domination in the 13th century, with a significant influence on the use of the Galician, reduced exclusively for a private life in rural areas. In the 1950s begun the expansion of the education system and of the Castilian-language media, facilitated the generalized penetration of Castilian. Since 1981 it has possessed the status of an autonomous community within Spain. The autonomous government (Xunta) adopted a number of measures designed to promote the knowledge and use of Galician, but the effectiveness of the measures of Xunta is often questioned.

8

Idea postępu w koncepcjach futurologów

80%

Ciepiał L.

IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych

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2012

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tom 24

185-205

EN

The aim of my article is to portray the present-day state of the idea of progress, on the basis of futurologists’ credo. The article has a polemical character, voicing the issue in the context of the prevailing paradigm which treats the idea of progress as an anachronistic relic of the past, not responding to the present. It states that the idea of progress is permanently present in reality and still plays an extraordinarily fundamental, i.e. leading, role. Nevertheless, the idea is much more complicated nowadays than at the time of its former victory in the age of the Enlightenment. The contemporary idea of progress lacks naivety, and its character is multidimensional and ambivalent. The idea of progress experienced its most serious crisis in the twentieth century; not only was its development hampered but the crucial components of the idea were questioned. Fewer and fewer intellectuals had the courage to evoke progress. It can be taken for granted that the disbelief in progress has risen up to the rank of a new paradigm. Despite this conviction, there are philosophers, politicians, economists and businessmen who create new shapes of the idea of progress and build its new definition in the context of the collapse of its previous shapes. One of the groups proposing a new approach to the concept of progress is the group of futurologists. In this article we ipso facto recover the idea of the futurologist, defining in such a way a researcher who comprehensively, systematically, rationally and professionally goes back in his or her memory and examines the present time in order to track down predominant trends, to interpret their sense and to set a prognosis of the future against the background of them. Futurologists whose work is analyzed in this article have different approaches to the idea of progress. The comparison of their concepts allows one to avoid a unilateral approach and to create a comprehensive image of the idea of progress in its current shape. Among the most important futurologists, there are such names as: Alvin Toffler (together with his spouse Heidi), Francis Fukuyama, Edward Luttwak, George Ritzer, George and Michio Kaku.

9

THE MOOD OF THE INHABITANTS OF WROCLAW IN 1945-1946

80%

Ordylowski M.

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2005

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nr 4

139-150

EN

A paper is a presentation of the attitudes demonstrated by the first Polish inhabitants of Wroclaw soon after the end of the wartime hostilities, together with assorted problems and dilemmas associated with settling down in a new place of residence. The author described the various stances of the Polish newcomers, both those interested in rapid material gains and those who perceived moving to Wroclaw as an opportunity for starting a new life. The article also considers the impact exerted upon the Polish residents by living conditions in a city which was gradually becoming Polish, fears and attempts to quickly alter the very character of the town, growing familiarity with Wroclaw and its successive transformation into a Polish urban centre, as well as an awareness of the ensuing changes. The author wrote about the conduct of the Germans and their role in a town which was slowly assuming a new national character.

10

Poesia brasileira (ex-centrica): marcas de um neorromantismo contemporâneo

80%

Coelho Tinoco R.

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tom 9

155-167

EN

The Brasilian poetic production answered in a rarefied way, starting from the decade of 70, to the challenges and opportunities that the culture and the new sociopolitical order presented coming e.g., for the Cold War, racial fights, concepts of Third World, society of information, dictatorships, globalization. In that national and world context, that contemporary production intends to redraft the contemporary poetic language as a former center of ethical concerns delimited by aesthetic projects. Under such an ethical-aesthetic composition, neo-romantically, sensitive divergences, from the national literary canon, come forward as to understand the borders among poetry and no-poetry, functional art, utilitarian and engaged art. Also stands out the good-humored and ironic, although simple, accusation of the “new times” and of what the poets proposed as search of a more integrated, creative and provocative communication with the people and with art.

11

THE ATTITUDE OF THE POLISH COMMUNITY IN VILNO TOWARDS NEW REALITY. STANDS AND MOODS 1944-1945

80%

Lewandowska S.

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2005

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nr 4

77-91

EN

The object of the analysis requires outlining a more extensive exposition as well as rendering several issues more precise. The authoress examined the question of a Polish minority existing 'here and now', in a concrete geographic space; the well-enrooted indigenous population possessed its own historical and regional traditions, and was involved in complicated relations with other nationalities, particularly the Lithuanians, for whom Vilno (Wilno, Vilnius) and its environments remained the object of years-long controversies with the Poles. The chronological boundaries of this sketch are the years 1944-1945. The situation in which the Lithuanian state found itself produced qualitatively new circumstances for the Polish minority, different from the ones which had prevailed since 1939. During this period, Vilno changed its state affiliation upon a number of occasions. It remained the capital of Lithuania for not quite a year, and subsequently was incorporated into the Soviet Union; in the years 1941-1944 it was occupied by the Nazis and then once again became the capital of a Soviet republic. Memory about the Polish past was gradually limited, and assumed 'local' and 'native' qualities. By retaining its language and oral tradition it became a regional 'Polishness' , encompassing customs, songs, and narrated 'stories'. Hence the predominant element consolidating tradition was embedded in individual and collective memory; it was also transmitted in individual and collective memory. This type of cultural behaviour was, basically speaking, passive and defensive, and favoured the relative stability of the number of Poles in Lithuania. Another conducive circumstance was the existence of schools (elementary and secondary) with Polish as the language of instruction. Regardless of the 'curricula adapted to' Soviet needs, they influenced the retention of certain rudimentary components of 'high culture'. The promoted initiatives and ventures favoured both the preservation of old 'codes' of tradition and their expansion. Undertaken in difficult and unfavourable conditions, they passed the test of time.

12

The "New" Confucianism vs. the Development of East Asia

80%

Sławiński R.

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2011

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nr 24

7-21

EN

Having drawn a history of the use of Confucianism in modern times in selected Asian countries (Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia No. 23), the author focuses on the question of evaluation of contemporary adaptations of Confucianism. The article quotes the opinions of the Chinese luminaries of philosophy from 1958 (New Confucian Manifesto), the earlier opinions of traditional thinkers (Chen Xujing (1933), Wang Xinming (1935), and of contemporary Taiwanese (Yi-yuan Li (1967), Chun-chieh Huang (2009)) concerning the usefulness of Confucianism in our contemporary time. This is followed by a critical discussion of the views of Zhu Rukai (2006) and Jiang Qing (2009), and the two Confucian concepts of the “harmonious society” (hexie shehui), “soft power”, and “moral government” (dezhi) enjoying top-down promotion. Further, in a fictionalised form, it presents a vision of living in a contemporary Confucian society. Finally, in the postscript, it reminds of the existence of another option, represented by the former participants of “the cultural revolution”.

13

AKO SA VIDÍME SAMI A AKO NÁS VIDÍ VEREJNOSŤ - REFLEXIA PO DVADSIATICH ROKOCH

70%

Kamenec I.

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nr 4

609 – 616

EN

The author compares various common or varying features of Slovak historiography in the period between 1991 and 2011. He points to the internal differentiation of views within Slovak historiography. These do not derive from expert aspects of basic scientific research, but more from different views on the purpose of historical work. He also devotes attention to the permanent tension between historiography and political elites, which usually seek in history pragmatic confirmation of their own views and aims.

14

THEODOR W. ADORNO: DVE TVÁRE KIERKEGAARDA AKO KRITIKA SPOLOČNOSTI

70%

Šajda P.

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tom 65

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nr 9

821-832

EN

T. W. Adorno deals with Kierkegaard intellectual legacy in tens of his works, which were being published in the course of more than three decades. One of his main concerns is rather ambiguous: depicting Kierkegaard as a critique of the society of that time. Adorno examines Kierkegaard's social and political sensibility, as well as his theory of inwardness, and his idea of non-purpose, inter-subjective relationships. He points out to the devastating effects of conforming Kierkegaard's legacy to the principles of existentialist philosophy. Kierkegaard's views are also evaluated on the background of contemporary deficiencies of Western society, such as ethnocentrism or anti-Semitism.

15

Kontseptual'ni modeli ekonomiky znan'

70%

Krapivny I. V. , Prokopenko O. V. , Shkola V. Y.

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tom 1 (67)

55-67

EN

The role of information in creation of the new social-economy formations and economic development model is investigated in the article; the concepts of new economics based on combination of industrial economics resources with possibilities of “knowledge-based economics” are systemized. Alternative knowledge-based economics models which correspond to understanding the concept of “new economy” and add each other are investigated: “knowledge-based economics”, “education economics”, “creative economics”, “and network economics”. The essence and key features of knowledge-based economics, education economics, creative economics and network economic are discovered. The peculiarities of the open knowledge-based economics and key concepts of the open education economics theory are investigated.

16

KONSTRUOVÁNÍ PŘIROZENÉHO STAVU V ROUSSEAUOVĚ FILOSOFII

70%

Sváčková K.

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tom 73

|

nr 3

191 – 200

EN

The paper examines Rousseau’s approach to the classical “state of nature” conception. Is Rousseau’s system coherent or not? For Rousseau, the state of nature seems to be a hypothetical abstract concept on one hand and a real state of intersubjective relationships within specific human communities on the other.

17

OD FILOZOFIE PRÁVA K POLITICKEJ EKONÓMII: MARXOVO MYSLENIE V ROKOCH 1842 – 1844

60%

Halas J.

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tom 65

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nr 5

428-439

EN

The paper offers a reconstruction of the development of Karl Marx's thought in 1842 - 1844 proceeding from the philosophy of law and social philosophy to political economy and its critique. It puts forward a new interpretation of the categories 'bürgerliche Gesellschaft', 'alienation' and 'alienated labour'. This interpretation shows that the development of Marx's thought did not proceed from 'philosophy' to 'political economy' or from 'humanism' to 'scientism', but from an 'external' to an 'internal' critique of political economy.

18

Sytuacja ludzi starszych we wspólczesnym społeczeństwie

60%

Pikuła N.

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nr 1(2)

173-184

EN

Analyzing the situation of the elderly in today’s society it can be seen that flexible modernity as well as changes concerning conditions and lifestyles require from them reinterpretation of patterns of experiencing their old age. They are forced to work out by themselves their own and a more contemporary model of old age. The elderly have to take up a serious challenge that contemporary civilization puts out to them. The article which refers this problem tries to show the situation of the elderly in today’s society.

19

SVODODA SOBECTVÍ ZBAVENÁ

60%

Němeček D.

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tom 5

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nr 1

7 – 13

EN

The European politicians from Central Europe use a very strange definition of liberalism. This strange definition leaves out the idea of equal opportunities – one of the two liberal principles. This omission is one of the results brought by the radical liberalism. Radical liberals protect liberty so strongly that they refuse any equality. They are afraid of the propensity to the totalitarianism so they refuse almost all state interventions. Radical liberals forget that an absolute refusing of the equality leads to breaking of one of the liberal principles. Liberty without equal opportunity leads to the same illiberal situation as equality without individual liberty. Both of the liberal principles must be preserved if we want to live in a liberal society. Contemporary liberals should find a solution to unite the liberal principles.

20

Odpowiedzialność jako wyraz komunikatywnej, społecznej natury duchowości

60%

Misztal W.

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nr 2(3)

19-27

EN

Christian spirituality perceives responsibility in a broad, realistic way. Perhaps the most valuable element of such perception of responsibility is connecting the latter with God, detecting an expression of God’s selfless love in it. Such is the responsibility that God shares with His creation; it is His creation that is endowed with such responsibility. The message thus indicated helps to discern in the responsibility borne by the human being a task, a privilege, a reality conducive to development, freedom, a gift of huge potential. It is not only about e.g. correcting mistaken perceptions of responsibility or showing motivation to bear it. Interesting and encouraging perspectives of development, of shaping a human being, human society and the world can open up here.