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EN
Register motivation (RM) represents one of 17 types of lexical motivation. The termregister motivationrefers to the term(communication) registerwhich is defined as situationally conditioned language behaviour of people connected by their common activity (D. Slančová). Register lexical units are thus situationally conditioned (such as child lexis, sport lexis etc.). Moreover, the relation among lexis, register and sociolect is analyzed. Finally, the relation of RM with other types of motivation (e.g. paradigmatic, word-formation, phraseological, syntactic and interlingual motivation) is outlined.
EN
This study deals with linguistic terms in Slovak, Czech and Polish languages. It describes and confronts linguistic terms as terminologically motivated units from the point of view of syntactic motivation. Based on the theory of lexical motivation it points out also a cooperation of the terminological and syntactic motivation. The issue description as well as conclusions are built upon the research of an extensive material basis of Slovník slovanské lingvistické terminologie 1, 2 (Jedlička (ed.) 1977, 1979) and on more recent sources. The study points out the proportion, distribution and competition of one-word and multi-word (syntactically motivated) terms in linguistics, as well as interlingual correspondences and differences, when naming identical denotates is concerned. Furthermore, construction types of multi-word linguistic terms have been identified in Slovak, Czech and Polish languages. The paper finally pays attention to the most frequent construction types, as well as to interlingual correspondences and differences appearing in construction classification.
CS
Štúdia sa zaoberá jazykovednými termínmi v slovenčine, češtine a poľštine. Opisuje a konfrontuje lingvistické termíny ako terminologicky motivované jednotky z aspektu syntaktickej motivácie, poukazuje na kooperáciu terminologickej a syntaktickej motivácie, pričom vychádza z teórie lexikálnej motivácie. Opis problematiky i závery sa zakladajú na výskume rozsiahlej materiálovej bázy Slovníka slovanské lingvistické terminologie 1, 2 (Jedlička (ed.) 1977, 1979), ale aj novších prameňov. Štúdia poukazuje na pomer, distribúciu a konkurenciu jednoslovných a viacslovných (syntakticky motivovaných) pomenovaní v oblasti lingvistiky, ako aj na medzijazykové zhody a diferencie pri pomenúvaní totožných denotátov. Na základe výskumu sú vydelené konštrukčné typy viacslovných jazykovedných termínov v slovenčine, češtine a poľštine. Poukazuje sa na najviac zastúpené konštrukčné typy, ako aj na interlingválne zhody a diferencie v konštrukčnom členení.
EN
The article analyzes certain lexical units of the Russian and French languages which function as semantic and morphological derivatives of ethnonyms and macrotoponyms: in Russian - derivatives of the ethnonyms француз, галл and toponyms Франция, Париж; in French - derivatives of the words Russe, Russien ´Russian´, Cosaque ´Cossack´ to ´a Russian soldier´ to ´Russian´, Moscou ´Moscow´, Moscovite (archaic) ´an inhabitant of Muscovy, Russian´. Additionally, the article focuses on set expressions containing the above-mentioned words. Considering this material, the authors conduct a contrastive study of cultural and linguistic images of the French and the Russians (in Russian and French, respectively). The article studies the following thematic spheres of secondary semantics: „Character traits, behaviour“; „Diseases“; „Appearance“; „Language“; „The quality of life, welfare“; „History“. The authors reveal the motivation of language facts, analyze the evaluative components in their meaning and draw conclusions about the main patterns in the development of the images of the nations in question.
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