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EN
Media and communication are subjects which are closely related. For quite some time in each public debate references are made to an increasing dependence between media and communication processes. Explicit attention is paid to a changing context of the communication process, and especially the process of political communication. The role of media in the process of public communication is, on the one hand, quite traditional; that is to inform the public, popularize information and mobilize citizens to action, all in the name of the public good. On the other hand, it is also noticeable that modern media play new roles such as providers of entertainment, scandals, sensation, enjoyment. All this brings a question: which of these functions tell us about the future of the media, and – consequently – how do they change the process of political communication in the public sphere? And is this what we want?
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This article describes the main trends in political celebrity in the “tabloid” press. The analysis is based on articles about politicians and their families published in “Twój Styl” and “Viva” from the first editions of these magazines (“Twój Styl” from August, 1990, and „Viva” from January, 1997) until May, 2012. The paper presents: a number of articles about political celebrities, the names of the main characters, their gender, positions and party affiliations. The article proposes an operational definition of political celebrity and an empirically-grounded typology of political celebrities. The text describes the “transfer of fame” and celebrity in electoral communications.
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This article attempts to reconstruct the basic ways of defining political communication, with particular emphasis on interpretative perspective. Indicates the usefulness of a number of qualitative approaches, stressing the fact that they allow to understand the nature of political communication, especially from the point of view the recipients of political messages. The article discusses: symbolic interactionism, constructivism and system-pragmatic concept of communication.
EN
The aim of the article is to show neuro-linguistic programming – NLP – as a new approach to communication process. During the last forty years NLP (primary a system of alternative therapy) has become very popular on different fields like business and politics. On the other hand its techniques and methods were questioned by academic circle as using pseudoscientific concepts and terminology. The article presents NLP history and founding, its main techniques as well as the voices of criticism. In last chapter the author is mainly interested in political possible use of neuro-linguistic programming. NLP is also analyzed in the light of political manipulation phenomenon.
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A permanent campaign is one of the elements of political communication. It can be observed as a process since at least 2004. The aim of this analysis is the description of the phenomenon of the permanent campaign in Poland in terms of its genesis, elements and importance. The permanent campaign inPoland depends on several factors. First of all, its existence is possible thanks to the development of new media, political advising, and media visibility of politician’s activity. The permanent campaign has lasted in Poland since 2004. It is connected with the development of political consulting and the appearance for the first time in Poland of specific media performances, such as inquiry committees. They were a kind of media attraction for viewers. An important element of the permanent campaign is the functioning of a multi-dimensional conflict between the rulers and the opposition. Antagonism is usually based on a different system of values, is difficult to eliminate, is profitable for both sides of the conflict, because it arouses the interest of the media and the audience’s attention.
EN
The article is an attempt to answer the question what role in political communication of the Catholic Church in Poland play the most important Polish Catholic opinion weekly magazines (Gość Niedzielny, Niedziela, Tygodnik Powszechny). Span of the analysis covers last 15 years. The research included the presidential campaign period in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The analysis was conducted with regard to the articles published during the period of one month prior to the presidential elections. The author assesses to what extent the analyzed press titles were convergent with the official announcements of the Polish Bishops' Conference regarding the political involvement of the Catholic Church. It is important to find an answer to the question of how the Catholic press supported one of the candidates for the office of President of the Republic. Another important question that needs clarification is whether and to what extent journalists discussed electoral programs of individual candidates. According to the author, the results of research regarding political engagement of Catholic press in the four presidential campaigns are a representative sample to determine the role of the analysed Catholic press in political communication of the Catholic Church in Poland.
EN
Due to the emergence of Internet-based media channels the character of local information spaces in the Czech Republic has undergone a remarkable change. Traditionally, dominant information sources: daily newspapers and municipally-owned media have become challenged by a variety of online sources run by groups of active citizens. Based on a systemic analysis of the local media sector and interviews conducted with representatives of local activist groups this paper discusses the consequences of these processes for local political communication. From the activists’ perspective, the new communication environment has significantly influenced the character of the mutual relationship between different participants in local political communication. Trust between journalists and activists: the basis for their cooperative relationship, faces decline, whereas the self-confidence of activists in negotiations with politicians has increased. Online media also allow the activists to break the existing information monopoly and engage citizens in public affairs. These changes have resulted in the professionalisation of communication skills for the activists, who are thus able to become more important participants in political communication.
EN
The research on populism and populist political communication in Lithuania is rather limited, regardless of the fact that populist movements and politicians are influential on national and local political levels; they also receive sufficient support from a significant share of the population. Because the Western European research tradition is concentrated on the challenges of right-wing populism, Lithuanian political scientists distinguish right-wing populism as more significant in comparison to left-wing populism. Although Lithuanian researchers note, that in the balance of the left-right wing populists, Lithuania stands out with the majority of left-wing populists, in comparison to the popularity and number of right-wing populists in neighbouring countries. Despite the interest of scholars in various fields of policy research in Lithuania, there is still a lack of research on populist political communication, and what interest does exist is mostly concentrated on analysis of practical issues within the political arena, e.g. the study of the processes of political elections. The analysis of populist political communication in Lithuania revealed that populism is a relatively oft-mentioned topic in Lithuanian scientific discourse, but in most cases remains on the margins of other research. The theoretical work presents the assumptions based on the analysis of the political situation in Lithuania and examples from other countries. The empirical research of populism is scarce, and in most cases based on content analysis of political documents and media reports.
EN
This paper contains considerations over political culture manifestations of the Civic Platform (Platforma Obywatelska) on the Internet during the polish parliamentary campaign 2011. The authors analyzed the political culture in three main dimensions. The first of them is the area of knowledge, which includes the program and the content contained on the Web sites of the Civic Platform candidates. Another one is the socio-communicational level, in which relations between a politician and his voters occur in the Web 2.0 network model. Last dimention is the technology and its impact on the changing ways of presenting content and contacting other participants of political life. Article ends with considerations on further possible changes in political elections on the Internet.
EN
Evaluation is the fundamental component of persuasion, and as such is making the constitutive frame for political conflicts. It is a function of meaning, concerning primarily the expression of our principle and emotive attitudes to reality. Every persuasive evaluation must be communicated – carried by verbal and non-verbal signs, assembled by codes which organize emotions at three levels of: lexemes, evaluative statements and narrative texts (superstructures). The text describes the main practices of evaluation in political communication, following the premises of anthropology of word and mass media theory. Working on the examples from political debates, selected means of persuasive evaluations are tested. To recapitulate the aforementioned claims an overall structural model of analysis is presented. It comprises all relevant factors and contexts of evaluation practices in political persuasion.
EN
The purpose of the article is to analyze Polish politicians’ presence and activities on Twitter, as one of the channels of political communication and a tool to support their image management. By pointing to the four levels of self-presentation on Twitter, the author defines and characterizes spaces for political self-presentation. Using results of their original analysis, the author proposes a concept of, and a typology of a whole online image created by a politician’s activity on the Internet and social media in particular.
EN
The article concerns the research area of political science and media studies, and in particular refers to the issue of mediatization of political communication. The purpose of the text is to establish the press image of president‑elect Andrzej Duda after winning the second round of Poland’s presidential elections in 2015, based on content analysis of Catholic weekly magazines Gość Niedzielny and Niedziela. This study covers the period of time between 25 May 2015 and 15 August 2015. The author examined the degree of interest in the mentioned newspapers for the person of president elect, size and placement of texts, interpretative framework in which he was presented (politico‑social, familial, scientific and religious), and the nature of the texts depicting Andrzej Duda (information, publications).
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EN
Political polls are an integral part of the communication process that takes place between politics and voters. They play particularly important role in election campaigns, though, apart from them, in the era of so-called permanent campaign politicians willingly and attentively listen to the voice of the public opinions adapting their political actions to the preferences of majority of citizens. The role and importance of political polls in the world is steadily growing. Over the last several years there has been a great progress in this field. Demoscopy centres improve the tools and techniques to reach the respondents and enter into new areas of life using an increasingly modern technologies. The primary objective of public opinion research is to collect and develop as much information to help in order to characterize the political market and analyse the on-going phenomena and reveal trends. From this perspective, they are one of the best tools for the diagnostic of opinion and beliefs of society. The success of public opinion research depended on purely realistic reasons. Politicians recognized the importance of surveys as a tool that is useful in the process of governance. Thus, political polls have become a barometer of public sentiment. Political polls are highly trusted by the voters who regard them as credible and influential source of political preferences of Poles.
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A state cannot exist without a defined territory, a population living within it, and a government. It is not insignificant for the maintenance of security in the country to ensure the stability of borders, law and order, and the protection of the people residing in the country. The protection applies to nationals as well as to economic immigrants and refugees. It takes place in real-time and in the virtual information space, which is one of the research areas in the security sciences. This article aims to highlight the most important challenges for the Polish migration policy in cyberspace.
EN
The paper presents results of the research project that explored the mode in which Polish political parties use their Facebook profiles. The findings of the analysis prove that interactive and multimedia aspect of social networking is employed only in a limited degree. Party profiles are not used as a platform of the information on party activity distribution. Even basic contact data is not available on each of analyzed profiles. Moreover, as was expected, there is no clear association between the technical sophistication of the specific party profile and the position of the party on political market. Parties which are leaders of the ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) use are not dominating in terms of both possessed resources and the role played in parliamentary politics.
EN
This article aims to show the relationship between propaganda and public opnion. The author assumed that the model of the evolution of political propaganada is correlated with the process of forming public opinion. Public opinion is here treated as a recipient of propaganda content, as well as intermediary on the line: steering subject - society.
EN
The paper discusses the role of the Association Agreement in deepening political communication between Ukraine and the EU. The author highlights the role of political communication in shaping the political association between Ukraine and the EU, and analyzes instances of such communication within the frame-work of the Ukraine-EU summits, Association Council, Association Committee, Parliamentary Committee of the Association and Civil Society Platform is ana-lyzed. As a result, the chief issues affecting political communication between Ukraine and the EU are revealed.  
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Content available Aesthetic dimension of political advertising
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EN
Political advertising is a form of aesthetic and political communication; it is encountered in election, addressed to electoral groups and aimed at electoral behavior perception management. Aesthetic and political communication has a lot of characteristics of political communication in general, that in its turn is a kind of public communication. Advertising nails down certain emotions in the person’s memory, which hereafter will determine his (her) behavior. Achieving of an objective is made by aesthetic images creation and advancement that facilitates aesthetic judgment of objective world, increases beauty sensitivity, uprears and develops cultural perception, the sense of taste. In the course of it, the didactic orientation of political advertising emerges. In a general sense, political advertising aesthetics is the aesthetics of personal behavior management technologies in social setting, the aesthetic of personal influence. Political events infer aesthetic expressiveness and legalization in response to mass media, publicity, popular art, word-picture and image. Internal action of political and aesthetic aspects turns the individual into spectator and recipient.
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tom 57
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nr 2
251-272
EN
Non-governmental organizations provide a mature form for non-formal movement organizations and intervene in different ways in politics and political parties activities. In the political communication studies they should be treated as civic participation platforms that give possibility to expand the practice of dialogue and public debate as well as partners representing civic society in relation with political actors. The aim of this chapter is to characterize and analyze the scope of mediatization of non-governmental organizations participating in political communication processes in Poland.
EN
In the course of election campaigns politicians and political parties try their best to highlight their most favored topics that would help them draw public attention and increase people’s regard for specific political figures. In contrast to the positive communication content announced during an election campaign, candidates sometimes choose negative messages that focus on their opponents’ weaknesses (real or imagined) rather than their own strengths. The goal of this research is to identify the forms and means of negative communication used in political video advertisements during Lithuanian parliamentary election of 2016. To achieve our goal, we analyze the political video advertisements that were categorized as negative communication. We categorize and analyze those advertisements by using concepts of forms of negativity and targets of negativity. Our findings suggest that negative communication is being used by Lithuanian political organizations, but it is the positive one that is still dominant in political video advertisements. Despite that, negative aspects of communication are used by different parties, in diverse forms and for different targets.
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