Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Decollectivisation of agriculture and reshaping of agrarian structure in Central Europe

100%

Halamska M. , Manuel M.-C.

Przegląd Socjologiczny

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2010

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tom 59

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nr 2

29-56

EN

This article is about the decollectivisation of agriculture which took place in Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia and Poland in the first half of the nineteen-nineties as well as about changes in the agrarian structure which were to be observed during the next decade. We argue that significant structural transformations have affected the agricultural domain and altered the way it is used for production. As a result of the transfer of property rights, agricultural land and part of the forests have changed hands. The process of decentralisation of the methods of farming the land which has affected the area of agricultural production is occurring with varying intensity depending on the country and the region. Re-established as the result of decollectivisation, private ownership of the land has been dispersed among a large number of landowners, sometimes without any direct link with agriculture and the rural milieu. More than a decade after the privatisation of the land, the land market is slow to re-establish itself and to play its role fully. Furthermore, farming structures have not become more stable. In a certain number of cases, capital restructuring is taking place within enterprises that have taken over from the former collective farms. Weakened by the impact of greater competition, the less efficient farms have been gradually eliminated. The decrease in the size of the workforce needed for agricultural land continues. The restructuring of the agricultural sector remains incomplete. Far from being fixed, the picture we have painted should be regarded as a snapshot rather than as the culmination of the transformation that has been launched.

2

Paul Engelmann

88%

Zatloukal P.

Historica: revue pro historii a příbuzné vědy (Historica: Review in history and related sciences)

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2019

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tom 10

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nr 2

160-183

EN

The architect and poet Paul Engelmann (14 June 1891 Olomouc – 5 February 1965 Tel Aviv) came from a family talented in visual arts – his brother Peter was a caricaturist and his sister Anny worked as an illustrator. Even though he studied at the Vienna University of Technology (1910–1912), he was more influenced by his stay at the private school of Adolf Loos and by close contacts with the writer Karl Krauss and philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein. In his countless buildings, he developed the ideas of Loos’ purifying stream of art and the Raumplan concept which he enriched with his lyrical conception. In 1934, he left for Palestine where he worked as an interior designer but he focused mainly on literature and philosophy.

3

Němčice and Pistiros: Glass Beads as Historical Markers in the Third Century BC

75%

Venclová N.

Studia Hercynia

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2015

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tom 19

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nr 1-2

143-148

EN

The largest known collection of La Tène glass from Němčice in Moravia dating to the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC also includes glass beads originating in southeastern Europe and the Mediterranean. As in Pistiros, the beads could have been related to the same events of a military, trade or other nature. The relative scarcity of imported beads in Němčice is explained by the glass‑working activities at this site, which covered the needs of the local population.

4

Groundwater circulation in the Miechów Trough and the central part of the Carpathian Foredeep (Poland): a hydrogeological conceptual model

75%

Dendys M. , Szczepański A. , Tomaszewska B.

Geologos

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2018

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tom Vol. 24, No. 3

177--187

EN

The Miechów Trough and the central part of the Carpathian Foredeep in southern Poland have a highly complex geological structure and numerous fault zones. These features play a significant role in hydrogeological conditions of the area. In this area drinking water, medicinal groundwater or thermal groundwater occur, so recognition of their circulations is basic for reasonable groundwater management. In this note, a hydrogeological conceptual model, created for the purpose of regional scale mathematical modelling, is presented. This conceptual model illustrates the geology of the hydrogeological system modelled, as well as hydrogeological conditions and characteristics of groundwater circulation, as determined by tectonics. Typical of the research area is the wide diversity of geological and hydrogeological conditions. The Busko-Zdrój area, a region with a long history of exploitation of medicinal groundwater, presents the best example.

5

Palynoflora and palaeoenvironment of the early Miocene palaeolake from the Bełchatów mine, central Poland

75%

Worobiec E. , Worobiec G.

Geological Quarterly

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2022

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tom Vol. 66, No. 4

art. no. 32

EN

The Bełchatów lignite deposits are a rich archive allowing palaeoenvironmental, palaeoecological and palaeoclimatic reconstructions from the Neogene and Quaternary periods. We describe the results of palynological studies (including non-pollen palynomorphs) of eight samples from the lower Miocene KRAM-P 211/214 collection of plant macroremains. The results of this palynological analysis are consistent with the results of previous studies of plant macroremains and significantly enrich our knowledge of vegetation and palaeoenvironment. Both studies indicate the presence of a freshwater body (a moderately large and deep lake) surrounded by wetland vegetation (including swamp forests with Glyptostrobus, Taxodium, Nyssa and Osmunda) and upland mesophytic forests. Evergreen or at least semi-evergreen forest communities grew along the ancient shores of the lake and on the slopes of the Mesozoic calcareus rocks surrounding the lake. In the lake, green algae (Pediastrum, Tetraedron and some Botryococcus) and freshwater peridinoid dinoflagellates were major components of the algal community. The same lake was the source of previously identified animal remains: freshwater fishes, molluscs, and mammals, including Megachiroptera bats. Our analysis shows that the climate was subtropical and humid, with an estimated mean annual temperature of 16.8–17.8°C.

6

Sociogeneze přemyslovského knížectví: Teorie Norberta Eliase a raný český stát

75%

Kalenda J.

Historická sociologie (Historical Sociology)

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2012

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tom 1-2

95-119

EN

This study deals with application of the Norbert Elias's theory of sociogenesis to the case of early Czech state formation. For this purpose we focus on the mechanisms of emergence and establishing of the state monopoly, as well as on the aspects of decentralization and privatization of state power during reign of first Premyslid dukes - from 860 to 1230 AD. In the second place, the article tries to compare the process of sociogenesis in the Western Europe with the dynamics of state formation that was typical for the contemporary Czech lands. In this context we claim that Elias made several mistakes, because he supposed that features and mechanisms of state formation were fairly unitary everywhere Europe. We try to challenge this notion show that the history of state making in the Central European region has many autonomous and unique aspects that differentiate it from social dynamics in other parts of the continent. From this critical pointof view, the article attempts a reformulation of Elias's theory for the Central European area.

7

Mezi dvory, kláštery a městy : střední Evropa jako prostor kulturní výměny

75%

Jakubec O.

Umění (Art)

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 4

313-318

EN

The review of the book by Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann presents a treatise on the Central European art and culture of the Early Modern Age as a specific type of synthesis that, in art-historical elaboration, links the cultural-historical approach (in the Gombrich tradition) with the concept of the so-called geography of art (also known as the geohistory of art). The review not only takes note of the principles of interpretation on which the book stands, but also considers, on the basis of these, how the contemporary approach of so-called world art history, which is actually represented by Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann, is also present in its elaboration. In this approach the voice is heard once again of the humanistic and universal ethos of art history, which interprets artworks as the products of live communication and exchange in concrete historical time and space and as the products of distinctive human cultures.

CS

Recenze knihy Thomase DaCosty Kaufmann o středoevropském umění a kultuře raného novověku představuje toto pojednání jako specifický typ syntézy, která v uměleckohistorickém zpracování propojuje kulturněhistorický přístup (v gombrichovské tradici) s konceptem tzv. geografie umění (či tzv. geohistory of art). Tato reflexe si všímá nejen toho, na jakých interpretačních principech stojí kniha sama, ale vycházejíc z ní se zamýšlí také nad tím, jak je v jejím zpracování přítomen i aktuální přístup tzv. world art history, reprezentovaný právě Thomasem DaCostou Kaufmannem. V tomto přístupu se znovu hlásí ke slovu humanistický a univerza listický étos dějin umění, který vykládá umělecká díla jako produkty živé komunikace a výměny v konkrétním historickém časoprostoru a jako produkty osobitých lidských kultur.

8

Gesty w cyklach pasyjnych w malarstwie naściennym w Europie środkowej

63%

Kliś Z.

Folia Historica Cracoviensia

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2007

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tom 13

EN

In medieval Passion cycles represented in Czech, Slovak (former Hungary), and Polish murals dating from the fourteenth to the fifteenth centuries one may observe a number of-gestures which appear in respective scenes starting from the Entry into Jerusalem and ending with the Entombment (laying in the sepulchre). The most significant gesture in the entry scene is the outstretched hand of Christ riding a donkey. It is the language of gesture used since antiquity, transmitted through Byzantine and Italian art (including Giotto’s Entry into Jerusalem in his Arena Chapel frescoes), and transferred into art north of the Alps.

PL

W średniowiecznych cyklach pasyjnych, z terenu dzisiejszych Czech, Słowacji (dawny obszar Węgier) i Polski, na malowidłach naściennych zaobserwować można szereg gestów, pojawiających się w poszczególnych scenach, począwszy od wjazdu do Jerozolimy a kończąc na scenie złożenia do grobu. Artykuł analizuje poszczególny gesty, w kontekście religijnym i historycznym.

9

Alien aquarium fish species found in open waters of Poland with new record of Amazonian Red Pacu Piaractus brachypomus, Cuvier, 1818 (Serrasalmidae) from Bzura river

63%

Maciaszek R. , Eberhardt M. , Wilk S. , Sosnowski W. , Szpakowski B.

World Scientific News

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2019

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tom 126

276-282

EN

Aquarium fish are often kept pets. Due to inappropriate actions of fishkeepers some of them are released into natural environment in many countries around the world, also in Poland. Species of exotic ichthyofauna usually do not have the possibility of survival and reproduction in a temperate climate, however the environment of thermally polluted waters in Poland could provide the tropical fish with appropriate living conditions. Cold water species may settle stable populations and threaten native fauna and flora. This work, based on the available scientific literature, describes the invasive potential of aquarium fish species introduced in Poland. The scale of introducing alien species of aquatic origin into Polish waters is difficult to estimate. It is recommended that monitoring should cover the largest possible number of water reservoirs in this country.

10

Gestykulacja jako sposób wyrażenia treści Misterium Paschalnego w sztuce średniowiecznej Europy Środkowej

51%

Tabor D.

Folia Historica Cracoviensia

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2007

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tom 13

EN

The Paschal Mystery is the central reality of the Christianity. This is a series of historical events, presented in the canonical Gospels, in which Jesus from Nazaret was submit to the suffering, death, but was revived and bas ascend 10 the glory. These events was full of meanings and significations. This significations of paschal event has been meditated and analyzed in the Christian text, - in Gospels, in Paul’s Letters, but in the sermon of Fathers of the Church. Meliton of Sardes, Orygenes, Pseudo-Hypolite, and others are known as the interpreters of paschal events. The liturgical texts - Exultet and Victimae Paschali explain the profound sense of the Death and the resurrection of Christ All these works inspired the iconography. This presentation has to review the some works of art in Central Europeand interpretations their theological sense. The gestures will be the key to discovery of meaning.