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PL
W artykule zaprezentowano połączenie modelowania i symulacji systemów produkcyjnych z rachunkiem kosztów oraz metodami oceny wielokryterialnej. Przedstawiono przykład modelu symulacyjnego systemu produkcji odlewów zbudowanych w pakiecie ARENA. Sporządzono kalkulację kosztów własnych oraz oceniono ważność poszczególnych kryteriów, w świetle których oceniane będą warianty przebiegu procesów produkcji odlewów.
EN
The paper presents the concept of the connection of modeling and simulation of the production system with costs calculation and multi-criteria estimation methods. This article presents the simulation model of the foundry manufacturing system which was made in ARENA software. The costs calculation were made and the importance of the criterions were estimated.
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The paper discusses a problem of reliable performance of production processes. Reliability analyses of production systems regard considering many different factors and requirements. As a result, basic definitions connected with production system/process have been defined. Later, there has been also presented the literature review in reliability engineering, what gives the possibility to present a comparison analysis of known reliability models for production systems performance. Based on the presented literature summary, the multidimensional definition of production process reliability is developed with short example of its implementation possibilities. The work ends up with summary and directions for further research.
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Content available Product analysis using value stream mapping
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EN
The sales market requires both the highest quality of offered goods and satisfactory prices for the buyer. In addition to the reliability of the important aspects are also the time of order fulfillment, reliability, readiness to act around the clock, and service of sold goods after their sale. In the production and confection of conveyor belts, the priority is a customer who, having strictly defined product requirements, also has individually focused goals. To meet these aspects, you need to look after the product both during its production and after. The products of this industry are specific, so that they can be used, after sales service is often required to be installed at the customer and possible actions to maintain their good condition during operation. The article analyzes selected production processes of transmission belts to identify disturbances. The analysis uses the value stream mapping method. Then, improvement methods were proposed.
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Content available remote Wybór determinizmu strategii realizacji procesu produkcyjnego
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PL
Strategia jest długofalowym działaniem zmierzającym do osiągnięcia zamierzonego celu. Określano ją metodami jakościowymi wykazującymi trafność wyboru rodzaju strategii oraz metodami ilościowymi zapewniającymi niezawodność jej realizacji. Rozważono dwa rodzaje determinacji: determinizm chronologiczny oraz determinizm produkcyjny. Sprecyzowano strategie polityki produkcyjnej. Strategie stacjonarne określono trendami: liniowym, parabolicznym oraz wykładniczym. Determinizm strategii stacjonarnych określono stopami wzrostu produkcji w dziedzinie liczb urojonych, trendami kołowymi w dziedzinie liczb zespolonych, po zredukowaniu do dziedziny liczb rzeczywistych, w których wyrażane są realizacje procesu produkcyjnego, przechodzące w trendy harmoniczne. Koszt globalny procesu produkcyjnego zdeterminowano wielkością produkcji. W określeniu dynamiki produkcyjnej globalnego kosztu produkcji zastosowano założenia upraszczające, eskalując dokładność rozważań. W pierwszym kroku eskalacji zaproponowano liniowość kosztów globalnych. W drugim kroku eskalacji uwzględniono koszt akceleracji, co doprowadziło do określenia optymalnej wielkości zakładu przemysłowego, którego zyskowność byłaby maksymalna. W trzecim kroku eskalacji wykorzystano wiele dynamik. Wykazano, iż metodą trafności ustalania założeń upraszczających jest kryterium adekwatności wniosków wynikających z przyjęcia odnośnych założeń upraszczających.
EN
Strategy is a longterm activity directed towards the achievement of the determined task. It has been defined by the quality methods showing the correct choice of the kind of strategy as well as quantity methods ensuring the infallibility of its realization. Two kinds of determination have been considered, i.e. chronological determinism and production determinism. Strategies of production policy have been made precise. Stationary strategies have been determined by the linear, parabolic and exponential trends. Determinism of stationary strategies has been defined by the rates production increase in the field of compound numbers, circular trends in the field of compound numbers after the reduction to the field of real numbers in which realizations of the production process transformed in harmonic trends are expressed. The global cost of the production process has been determined by means of the volume of production. Simplifying assumptions have been applied for the determination of production dynamics of the global production cost thus escalating the accuracy of considerations. At the first stage of escalation linearity of global costs has been suggested. Consequently, at the second stage the cost of acceleration has been given attention to and, as a result, it helped to determine the optimum of the volume of an industrial enterprise whose profitability would be maximum. At the third stage of escalation, a number of dynamics have been used. It has been proved that the criterion of adequacy of calculations following from the acceptance of respective simplifying assumptions is the method of accuracy of the establishment of simplifying assumptions.
EN
The article focuses primarily on two major aspects affecting each manufacturing enterprise. Namely, the question of planning of production process as well as process preparation to manufacture a desired product will be discussed. The article shows planning and production actions on the example of a production enterprise. The technical scope necessary in preparation of each production was presented as well as selected ways for inseparable connections and machines found in manufacturing halls were discussed. The characteristics of an enterprises manufacturing metal workshop furniture as well as workshop cars equipment was shown. The course of manufacturing process planning was depicted. Due to presented plans of the production hall it is possible to view the whole process. Some changes in that plan to streamline production and extend it in the future with a new range of products were suggested.
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The increase in competitiveness between production enterprises results from the contemporary conditions of the global economy. Technical progress, globalization and constantly increasing customer requirements contribute to the development of organizational and business management techniques. The improvement of production is currently accompanied by modern tools and methods of Lean Manufacturing concepts such as: SMED, 5S, Kaiznen, Kanban, Poka-Yoke etc. The SMED method plays an important role in improving production processes. It also affects the reduction of losses and wastage, increase of value for stakeholders (especially for customers), as well as better motivation for employees. Thanks to the SMED method, the production company is able to achieve greater efficiency and productivity, as well as the high quality of products and services provided.
EN
Innovations in the assortment of special wood products made by small manufacturers, and not by major manufacturers in terms of quality and environmental credentials, enables them to compete successfully on the market. For the final phase of the production process, these products require a precisely chosen surface finishing treatment. The purpose of wood treatment is to protect a specific adherend against the adverse effects of external influences, as well as mechanical, chemical and biological damage. The requirements for the quality of the surface treatment are dependent on the function and purpose of a particular product. At present, beyond surface characteristics, there are no other evaluation criteria that take into account the diverse morphological characteristics of wood, e.g. reflectance as a result of the surface reaction of wood to the application of different types and layers of coatings. The research presented in this article focuses on determining the most important qualitative criteria with regards to the surface treatment of special wood products (by assessing the morphological characteristics of the wood´s surface by means of an experimental optical laser) during the production process of these products, which are produced by a limited number of small manufacturers, are produced in an environmentally friendly way, and are competitive and sustainable.
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In this paper the model of the technological machines system assessment is presented. This model was elaborated in Department of Manufacturing Processes and Production Organization of the Technical University in Rzeszów. This assessment points concerns two types of criterions: the primary criterions, which describe technical state of the technological machines system and the other criterions, which describes the results of their exploitation. The primary criterions are: degree of automaton, degree of specialization, degree of reliability, degree of wear, critical reserves. The other criterions are: energy - consuming, degree of the using the machine, operational safety, generation of environmental aspects. This assessment is based on the European Foundation for Quality Management criteria. This assessment model is very easy analyzes tool to use in the small, middle - sized and large enterprises apart from industry branch and type of the production.
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Production processes and their proper identification depend to a large extent on properly prepared quality and technological documentation as well as its proper supervision over the production process as well as machinery and equipment. Proper packaging significantly affects food safety.
PL
Scharakteryzowano typowe zadania wykonywane w ramach automatycznej kontroli procesów produkcyjnych; monitorowanie, diagnozowanie i nadzorowanie; przedstawiono narzędzia automatycznego kontrolowania przebiegu procesu i omówiono wybór miejsca pomiaru; zaznaczono, że choć nadzorowanie pracy pras polega obecnie na monitorowaniu ociążenia technologicznego i zabezpieczeniu narzędzi przed uszkodzeniami, to w przyszłości będzie bardziej służyło zapewnieniu jakości produkcji wyrobów.
EN
Typical action accopmpanying the automatic control over production processes; that is monitoring, diagnosing and supervising. Tools for automatic in-process control and choice of the place of measurement. it has been emphasized that supervision of presses now consists in monitoring a process for being correct and protecting tools against damage, while in the future it will serve for assuring quality of products.
EN
Dynamically changing conditions of business activity, rapid development of new technologies, increasing intensity of competition, progressing globalisation pose for entrepreneurs new, much more difficult principles than before, especially due to the increase of intensity and complexity of the environment. It is reflected in the necessity of continuous improvement of processes and their quick reorganisation. The aim of the article is to present research conducted in metallurgical enterprise. In the article individual stages of heat treatment process, taking into consideration complications, errors and quality defects of the product arising at the stage of manufacturing the product were described. In order to minimize resulting defects, quality improvement system was implemented, using, among others Ishikawa diagram. In view of the fact that the world stands on the threshold of next industrial revolution, directions of improvement of heat treatment process in the context of Industry 4.0 were indicated.
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Content available remote Modelowanie i symulacja ciąglych procesów produkcyjnych
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PL
W artykule przedstawiono pojecie modelowania i symulacji systemów produkcyjnych. Podano przykład zastosowania symulacji do analizy ciągłych systemów wytwarzania na przykładzie produkcji margaryny. Problem został przedstawiony przy wykorzystaniu pakietu do modelowania i symulacji ARENA.
EN
Modelling and simulation production systems are presented in the paper. There is some information about how to analyse continous production systems. As the example in support of ARENA module.
EN
The article deals with the assessment of production process capability in the serial production of plastic components. The plastic component was used for analysis. Component is used in the automotive industry in car suspension shock absorbers. Assessing the capability of the product's manufacturing process is very important. The aim of the present paper is to measure the dimensional characteristics of a thermoplastic product as a monitored quality feature. The analyzed product is manufactured in an eightfold injection mold by injection technology. The products from each injection mold cavity were considered separately. Process capability was assessed using capability indices. Process variability and centering were evaluated. Based on the analysis we can say that the production process is in excellent condition.
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Content available remote Study of Changes in the Production Process for Short-Life Cycle Goods
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EN
Production management has to react to changing exogenous and endogenous factors. A method called the Production Process Control Tree (PPCT) was developed to control the production process and analyse its changes. Te method's name refers to its underlying production management model, which is shaped as an inverted tree (graph theory). Te method helps to cushion or even eliminate the negative impacts of changing process circumstances that could extend their duration.
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Nowadays there is no way for one to design the whole process by the means of just one single formal notation. The paper presents an approach towards unified system of manufacturing processes notation that would allow generation of multiple schemas or formal descriptions of processes.
EN
The tool supply system is intended to feed the tools to metal-working machines taking into account the time, quantity, position and target and also the tool removal. As a matter of fact, it represents a subsystem of the superior tool system. For a trouble-free flow the following functions are needed: purchase, arrangement, readiness, pre-setting and maintenance.
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Content available Systemy wizyjne w inżynierii produkcji
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PL
Ciągły postęp w dziedzinie techniki mikroprocesorowej znacznie wpływa na wzrost wymagań stawianych jakości i dokładności produktów przemysłowych. W artykule przeprowadzono analizę możliwości praktycznego wykorzystania systemów wizyjnych oraz charakterystykę ich komponentów. Wskazano także zalety i wady używania tych systemów w inżynierii produkcji. Na przykładzie wybranych systemów produkcyjnych opisano metody przemysłowych zastosowań wizji w procesach produkcji.
EN
Continuous progress in the field of the microprocessor engineering much affects the growth of requirements of put qualities and accuracies of industrial products. In thepaper analysis of the possibility of practical using vision system and characteristics of their components were conducted. Also the advantages and disadvantages of using these systems in the production engineering were indicated. On the example of chosen production systems methods of industrial applications of the vision in manufacturing processes were described.
EN
The article deals with possibilities of machine vision used mostly at production process. It calls attention to possibilities how to increase essentially an effectiveness and a productivity at many fields of production process and possibilities of cooperation between production facilities and a human or by complete substitution of human.
EN
The paper is focused on the optimization of the design process by means of the information systems tools and group technology principles in aspect to digitalisation of the production process. It would be realized block-by-block according to the potential mistakes elimination and to the through analysis of feed-back among dates. For all that the process parameters analyse with computer support in the technologic production preparation (TgPP) has naturally great importance. That consists largely in the appraisal of relations between input and output information. This stage can by successfully realized only by choice of the respectable instruments. The application instruments are selected from databases handling area, artificial intelligence area, specialized software, etc.
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