Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

SOCIAL POLICY IN THE TIMES OF ECONOMIC CRISIS (Polityka spoleczna w okresie kryzysu ekonomicznego. Artykul dyskusyjny)

100%

Orczyk J.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2009

|

tom 36

|

nr 7(424)

2-8

EN

Increasing dynamic of the civilization changes in the last tenths years created stronger needs of stabilization within the members of different social groups. Last economic crises increased in the mean time the risk of loosing work and stability which is combining with it. As a result people are expecting from the state not only formal guarantee but more often real help. State can help directly in the form of benefits or indirectly by increasing chances of continuations of the work. This is giving simultaneously a right for social protection and creating the possibility of multiplication of work. For the trust of citizens to the social policy of the state basic is keeping the access to social service. This is not combining with increase of the budget expenses. Different is situation when the number of the people who getting social benefits is increasing rapidly.

2

The National Census 2002 and the Development of Social Policy (with a special focus on housing)

80%

Piatek K. , Karwacki A.

Studia Socjologiczne

|

2004

|

nr 1(172)

121-138

EN

Our paper has two major aims. First of all, we would like to emphasize the role of the National Census in developing social policy both as an academic discipline and as practice. Despite unquestionable value and usefulness of the data provided by the National Census we would also like to point out the traps and obstacles in reading and understanding some data. Secondly, we will analyze data obtained from the National Census 2002 regarding housing issues. Therefore, we will illustrate and compare the recent data with data taken from other studies in the past, trying to draw conclusions which will demonstrate housing problems in a time perspective in modern Poland.

3

WHAT PRICE THE LOSS OF PROGRESSIVITY IN TAXATION? EUROPE'S FAILURE AND ITS CONSEQUENCES (Jaka cene placimy za rezygnacje z podatku progresywnego? Blad Europey i jego skutki)

80%

Leaman J.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

|

2009

|

tom 12

75-101

EN

The article is dedicated to the erosion of the progressive tax system in the European Union countries and its negative social consequences, especially for newly transformed states. The study starts with presenting the process of approaching and retreating from progressive taxation. It discusses mutual relations between the tax system model and tax revenue. The author considers also, why the linear tax was introduced in some of the EU countries. The article concludes with recommendations to initiate works on common fiscal policy of the European Union and of the member states.

4

THE BASIC VALUES AND SOCIAL TASKS OF THE LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT. UNFINISHED DEBATE? (Wokól podstawowych wartosci i zadan spolecznych samorzadu terytorialnego. Niezakonczona debata?)

80%

Golinowska S.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2009

|

tom 36

|

nr 11-12(428-429)

3-8

EN

The article is a reflection on theoretic and axiological principles of the process of state institutions decentralization: from government centralism to territorial self-governance. The deliberations concern possibilities and abilities of territorial self-governments to run independently a lot of social issues in the circumstances, which are not favorable for taking the bit in their hands. It relates to the weakness of community and civil society, low social capital, weak participation and a tendency towards inequality and social discrepancy. Moreover, the attention is drawn to the specificity of social service development, mainly education and health care, which require an efficiently designed partnership of the three sides: government, professionals (corporate organizations) and - territorial self-government. In conclusion a thesis is presented that decentralization reform is a challenge for modern reforms in the state and in the social service sectors. It is a request for partnership and multi-level and multi -sector of public management. It is also a request for a deliberate creation of self-governance on the strength of social capital and partnership in solving social problems. Decentralization is a long process and not yet finished reform.

5

Poverty, marginalisation, segregation: contribution to the interpretation of social inequalities

80%

Szoboszlai Z.

Ter es Tarsadalom (Space and Society)

|

2004

|

tom 18

|

nr 3

25-42

EN

The author presents and analyses the international, particularly the Eastern European features of poverty policies, typical social processes on the peripheries and social challenges. In the course of his analysis he proves that poverty has national, regional, ethnical and gender characteristics. Within Hungary there are significant regional differencies in poverty. Since the change of the political regime (1990), during the last one and a half decades, the 'social stratification fan' has opened. One of the study's conclusions is that the main reasons of social exclusion are: poverty, reproductive inequalities, ethnical, sexual, religious discrimination and discrimination according to age, cultural gaps, unemployment, the raising number of unemployed and homeless people, and the disarrangement and cessation of human relations. Processing many results of new empirical research the author proves that there is a significant difference between those Roma and non-Roma people who have similar social background. Nowadays Roma people's social disadvantages and a tendency to preserve these disadvantages are intensifying in Hungary. In the interest of comparativeness and to encourage further thinking the author presents the challenges of the European Union, based on the fight against poverty and social exclusion. These tasks were elaborated in the National Action Plans of the Member States in 2001. The author also summerises the Joint Memorandum about Social Inclusion of Hungary, which was published in the summer of 2003.

6

REFUGEE PROTECTION IN THE UNITED STATES AND POLAND. COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE ON POLICY SHAPING AND DELIVERY

80%

Łukasiewicz K.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

|

2017

|

tom 43

|

nr 3(165)

47-70

EN

Welfare states in Europe and across the Atlantic introduced various social policies aiming at integrating refugees or facilitating their self-sufficiency. Since the beginning of 2015 when the so called “refugee crisis” started in Europe and anti-refugee rhetoric appeared in public discourse, these policies became jeopardized. Surprisingly, only a handful of studies provide evidence on how these policies operate amidst the current political conditions. Even fewer deliver comparative evidence from different countries. This article aims to address this gap using qualitative comparative case study design and interpretative policy analysis. It answers how asylum and social policies have been shaped and delivered in countries as different as the United States and Poland, including the context of the 2015 and 2016 political shifts. This article argues that despite being shaped and delivered differently, some of the current framing and shaping of the policies are similar and can have parallel outcomes for refugee communities and organizations assisting them. Chances for upward mobility for refugees can decrease and income and social inequalities may deepen.

7

LEGITIMITA SOCIÁLNEHO ŠTÁTU

80%

Garbarčík P.

Annales Scientia Politica

|

2013

|

tom 2

|

nr 1

84 – 87

EN

This article deals with the role of welfare state as a subject of intensive discussions concerning its legitimacy, justification of its existence and functioning. Due to long-term crisis of the social state, this contribution identifies its problematic aspects and presents the main reasons and causes that are rooted in growing dominance of private sector. Such dominance originates from social stratification and weakening of solidarity between different social groups, i.e. support of social state.

8

Empirický výzkum chudoby v českých zemích ve třech historických obdobích

80%

Večerník J.

Data a výzkum - SDA Info (Data and Research - SDA Info)

|

2011

|

tom 5

|

nr 2

133-146

EN

This article deals with empirical research on poverty in Czechoslovakia from the interwar period to the present in terms of three distinct phases. First, between 1918 and 1948, considerable attention was devoted to poverty, but research possibilities modest, so that a complex mapping of the problem was not feasible. Second, during the 1948 to 1989 period, the communist regime allowed “examinations” of poverty for the purpose of depicting pre-war capitalist Czechoslovakia as an impoverished, class-divided society. A similar approach was applied to studies of Western countries during the Cold War period. Research on poverty within the socialist regime was not allowed, even after the rehabilitation of sociology as a social science. Detailed analysis of household surveys was either forbidden or the results were embargoed; only simple cross-tabulations were ever published. Third, after 1989, the opportunities for undertaking research on poverty increased dramatically due to stimulus in both the national and international arenas. Important projects were fielded leading to many studies and published articles. Statistical surveys were used to map poverty primarily in terms of income; while sociological, ethnographic and anthropological approaches were used to examine key groups affected by poverty in Czech society. Within the literature there has been to date no synthesis of the study of the nature and origins of poverty in the Czech Republic.

9

ON THE ROLE OF PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH IN THE TRANSFORMING SOCIAL POLICY (Participative Action Research. O roli 'partycypacyjnych badan w dzialaniu' w polityce spolecznej)

80%

Theiss M.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

|

2008

|

tom 11

65-85

EN

The article presents the method of participatory action research (PAR), its meaning, the use and misuse in the social policy. The thesis is formulated that PAR is a research approach useful in investigating and dealing with contemporary social problems. However, used by powerful institutions, governments and think-tanks it may be also an instrument of accomplishing particular or narrow political goals. In the first part various approaches and types of participatory action research are discussed. The second part of the text presents the different applications of PAR in social policy, especially in the local context. The third part of the article illustrates the threats resulting from expansion of PAR and shows the mechanisms of contributing to 'unsocial' goals by PAR.

10

POLICY OF MULTICULTURALISM AND IMMIGRANTS. THE EXPERIENCE OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND CONCLUSIONS FOR POLAND (Polityka wielokulturowosci i immigranci. Doswiadczenia panstw europejskich i wnioski dla Polski)

80%

Hryniewicz J. T.

Przegląd Zachodni

|

2009

|

nr 3(332)

231-250

EN

Multiculturalism is a kind of social policy that consists in the cultural neutrality of the state. In Western Europe it has shaped huge environments of immigrants derived from non-European cultures. Because of a great cultural distance between European societies and immigrants, assimilation of the latter turned out to be more difficult than had initially been expected. In response to such a situation, European states began to implement a multicultural social policy. In effect, a huge number of immigrant behaviors proved to stand in contradiction to human rights but consistent with multiculturalism. Nowadays we can observe a contestation (but not abandonment) of a multicultural policy and growth of anti immigrant attitudes. There is a tendency to gradually diminish multiculturalism and place more emphasis on human rights.

11

State and market - housing subsidy, housing financing and reforms. Some international experiences

80%

Daniel Z.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

|

2004

|

tom 51

|

nr 2

139-152

EN

Housing policy has undergone substantial and rapid change in Europe and other countries in the developed world. The post-socialist transition in Hungary also placed on the agenda such fundamental issues of transformation of the housing sector as the role of the state and the market or the extent and nature of subsidy. The article reviews experiences abroad in the last decade, highlighting and examining in the light of data the problems of principle and practice that Hungary must likewise resolve in the near future.

12

BEZPIECZEŃSTWO SOCJALNE TO ZA MAŁO. POLSKA POLITYKA SPOŁECZNA A ZAGADNIENIE INTEGRACJI SPOŁECZNEJ IMIGRANTÓW

80%

Szymańska-Zybertowicz K.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

|

2011

|

tom 37

|

nr 2(140)

235-249

EN

The article explores the issue of the integration of foreigners in contemporary Poland from the perspective of certain problems typical for the social policy research and practice. After defining the main concepts, the text examines the question of social integration and its three aspects. The first aspect refers to the formal regulatory issues. The second is the psycho-cultural aspect of the integration of foreigners. The main category applied here is the notion of „ontological security” understood in Anthony Giddens’ fashion. The third aspect, the one most commonly explored, relates to the dilemmas posed by the marginalization of discriminated groups, foreigners included. The overall purpose of the analysis is to demonstrate that if the category of ontological security is included in the research traditionally dominated by the social security narrative, a better understanding could be achieved of the intricacies of the process of „negotiating” the immigrants’ position in Polish society.

13

Fighting poverty and social exclusion as part of policies implemented at the local government level

80%

Bledowski P. , Kubicki P.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2006

|

tom 33

|

nr 11-12(392-393)

36-38

EN

The article summarizes research results concerning policies implemented at local government level aimed at preventing and combating social exclusion and poverty. Findings of research have confirmed the main thesis that activities of the local government in this field should be regarded as not very effective. This is mainly caused by concentration of resources for helping those in deep exclusion. Additionally, the scope of assistance per an excluded person and his or her family usually does not allow for a meaningful improvement of their situation and for leaving exclusion.

14

LONELINESS OF OLD PEOPLE IN POLAND - SALE, SYMPTOMS AND WAYS OF SOLVING PROBLEM (Osamotnienie osob starszych w Polsce - skala, przejawy oraz sposoby przeciwdzialania zjawisku)

80%

Kubicki P. , Marta O.-K.

Studia Humanistyczne AGH

|

2010

|

tom 8

129-138

EN

The text discusses results of a research conducted on behalf of 'I - Woman' Foundation (Fundacja Ja Kobieta) on the elderly people loneliness phenomenon. The aim of the research was to determine the scale of said phenomenon and partially of social exclusion of the elderly, factors influencing the probability of the problem's occurrence as well as counter-measures possible to apply on both personal and institutional level. The initial phase of the research consisted of 11 individual in-depth interviews (IDI). The most important part of the project involved quantitative research carried out on a nationwide, random, representative group of a thousand 65 years-old-people. This research was done through CATI interviews. The results were discussed during two focus group interviews (FGI). The aim of the interviews was to check the point of view of potential carers and people fighting with elderly people's loneliness. Almost 20% of the Polish elderly can be considered lonely - they declare that often (10%) or always (7%) feel lonely. Almost half of the surveyed (47%) admitted never feeling lonely. The factors influencing the feeling of loneliness include: gender, age, education, marital status, source of income, place of living. Factors that increase the level of loneliness include lack of self-reliance and no possibilities of getting support in dealing with one'sdiffi cult situation. Family and relatives are the key factors in fighting with social exclusion. Friends and acquaintances are also important since they are often the only support of an elderly person. Local social policy should create suitable conditions for social integration of the elderly into the local community and limiting architectural barriers is one of the important elements of such a process. The fate of non self-reliant people depends on institutional solutions.

15

THE MODEL, MODELS OR A SYSTEM OF EUROPEAN SOCIAL POLICIES? (Model, modele, system? O najlepsza konceptualizacje polityki spolecznej w Europie)

80%

Pielinski B.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

|

2008

|

tom 11

51-61

EN

The whole section of previous issue of 'Problems of social policy' was devoted to the topic of European social model. Authors couldn't agree, one should treat European model as a matter of identity or as a matter of utopian project, and another one should talk about one European social policy or about many social policies in Europe. In the author's opinion many problems with European social model can be solved or at least be better described if we talk about the European System of Social Polices (ESSP). In this system national social policies influence each other, social policy of European Union influences national social policies and national social policies influence policy of European Union. The system consists of interrelated elements. Looking at European social model as a system gives us also an opportunity to identify main problems concerning social policy in Europe.

16

Theory and Logic of Social Transfers System

80%

Szarfenberg R.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2008

|

tom 35

|

nr 5-6(410-411)

5-14

EN

The author starts with a point that there is a need for development of social transfers theory within social policy and social security theory. He criticizes reciprocity principle in social policy context and shows how to use F.L. Pryor's conception of transactions in society in response to theoretical needs. It is done by abstract examples, classifications of transactions and social services and some remarks about tax benefits, subsidized employment, selective transfers etc. In the next step the author presents social transfer logic using threefold classification of different tests: categorical, past contribution and self-help. Last section describes theoretical possibilities concerning errors and problems which may occur when we grasp whole logic of social transfer system functioning

17

Social exclusion: social groups on the periphery during the transitional period

80%

Jasz K.

Ter es Tarsadalom (Space and Society)

|

2004

|

tom 18

|

nr 3

43-56

EN

The author reviews the most important sociological schools that could be considered as a theoretical background for the examination of social exclusion. She also examines the process of elaborating social indicators that can be used for measuring exclusion. Furthermore, the study follows the shaping of the situation of socially excluded groups during the last one and a half decades after the change of the regime. She stresses the need of reform in socio-political planning on a regional level.

18

CULTURE AND SOCIAL POLICY. ON COMPLEX INTERRELATIONS AND THE NEED TO STUDY THEM (Kultura a polityka spoleczna. O skomplikowanych wspólzaleznosciach i potrzebie ich badania)

80%

Wozniak W.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

|

2009

|

tom 12

57-73

EN

The article discusses the topic of culture and its interrelation with social policy. Basing on important contributions of Baldock, van Oorschot and Pfau-Effinger, it attempts to present the significance of a wide cultural context for the welfare state and at the same time a relative negligence of this cultural context in academic social policy. The main part of the article is the presentation of the contextualization of the above mentioned issues as proposed by Birgit Pfau-Effinger who outlined the concepts of welfare culture and welfare arrangements. The twofold character of culture-welfare state interrelation seems to be a very intriguing and promising field of study, also in a comparative perspective.

19

STRATEGIES OF SOCIAL POLICY (Strategiczne kierunki rozwoju polityki spolecznej)

80%

Barr N.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

|

2007

|

tom 10

15-22

EN

The article is a translation of the opening speech, delivered by Nicholas Barr at the 5th International Research Conference on Social Security, 5-7.03.2007, Warsaw, titled 'Social Security and the Labour Market: a mismatch?'. The starting point of the article is the presentation of the economic social change during the last 50 years. The further parts discuss its influence on social policy, with the focus point on the changes in strategic policy directions. The last part of the article presents the spheres of mismatch between the labour market and social security with the clear suggestions for social policy reforms.

20

Family Policy: a Cost of Democracy

80%

Dzierzgowski J. , Frieske K. W.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2008

|

tom 35

|

nr 3(408)

1-6

EN

The authors try to analyze, what is the logic of the system of family benefits and family tax expenditures in contemporary Poland and what presumptions about beneficiaries does it entail. In their view, it is hard to say, whether the aforementioned benefits are designed to support the income of the poorest families, since, as a result of family tax expenditures and the way of means-testing family benefits, quite a few beneficiaries are people of relatively good income status. They conclude that this kind of inconsistency is simply a cost of democracy, and social policy - especially when it concerns families - should not be overly rational