Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Wpływ dodatków metanolu i etanolu do gazu syntezowanego na syntezę wyższych alkoholi alifatycznych

100%

Lachowska M.

Inżynieria Chemiczna i Procesowa

|

1999

|

tom T. 20, z. 3

387-394

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu dodatku metanolu i etanolu do gazu syntezowego na wydajność syntezy wyższych alkoholi alifatycznych otrzymanych na katalizatorze CuO/ZnO/ZrO2/Fe2O3/MoO3/ThO2/Cs2O opracowanym w naszym laboratorium. Zaobserwowano znaczny wzrost wydajności alkoholi C3-C6 (w przypadku butanolu ponad dziesięciokrotny). Dodatek etanolu powoduje większy wzrost wydajności niż dodatek metanolu.

EN

The reactions of higher alcohol synthesis over the catalyst CuO/ZnO/ZrO2/Fe2O3/MoO3/ThO2/Cs2O developed in our laboratory were carried out with the addition of methanol or ethanol separately. A strong increase of the yield of all C3-C6 alcohols was observed. The yield of butanol is even more than ten times higher than that of alcohols obtained from syngas. The addition of ethanol is more efficient than that of methanol.

2

Synthesis and properties of SiO2-TiO2 supported nickel catalysts.

100%

Grzechowiak J. R. , Szyszka I. , Rynkowski J. , Rajski D.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Chemii i Technologii Nafty i Węgla Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

|

2002

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tom Vol. 10, nr 57

349-354

EN

The effect of supports on catalyst reducibility and hydrogenation activity was investigated. Toluene hydrogenation and hydrogenation of diesel oil fraction to reduce the amt of arom hydrocarbons were carried out in a flow-type pressure reactor. Reactor operating conditions were: < 3-6 MPa, 80-360 °C, LHSV 2-3 h-1, and H2:CH 350-500 Nm3/m3. It was found that the interaction between nickel and TiO2 in the rutile form is considerably stronger than in the case of TiO2 in the anatase form. Deposition of TiO2 on silica surface by TIPOT [Ti-isopropoxide] hydrolysis is an effective method for support preparation; the nickel catalyst may be used for hydrogenation of arom. hydrocarbons.

3

Wodorowanie próbek materiałów konstrukcyjnych

80%

Łukaszewicz J. , Łapiński Z.

Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia

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2007

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tom R. 36, z. 101

127--141

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wpływ wodorowania na mikrostrukturę materiałów konstrukcyjnych oraz wykorzystanie tego procesu podczas określania przydatności eksploatacyjnej tych materiałów.

EN

The influence of the hydrogenation process into the microstructure of technological materials and their further usefulness in the final article functionality is presented in the paper.

4

Hydrogenation of N-Heteroaromatic Compounds in the Presence of Soluble Metal Complexes

80%

Borowski A.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2006

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tom Vol. 80, nr 2

205-226

EN

The review presents a concise discussion of reports on hydrogenation of N-containing heteroaromatic compounds in relation to the hydrodenitrogenation process (HDN), along with hydrogenation mechanisms of the most representative examples of the compounds studied. The influence of electronic properties of aromatic structures, with the special emphasis on the resonance stabilization energies and the interatomic C-C and C-N distances, on the susceptibility for their hydrogenation has been considered. The importance of an initial mode of substrate coordination in relation to the reaction products formed is underlined.

5

Preparation of carbon nanotubes using cvd CVD method

80%

Pełech I.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2010

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tom 12

|

nr 3

45-49

EN

In this work preparation and characteristic of modified nanocarbons is described. These materials were obtained using nanocrystalline iron as a catalyst and ethylene as a carbon source at 700°C. The influence of argon or hydrogen addition to reaction mixture was investigated. After ethylene decomposition samples were hydrogenated at 500°C. As a results iron carbide (Fe3C) in the carbon matrix in the form of multi walled carbon nanotubes was obtained. After a treatment under hydrogen atmosphere iron carbide decomposed to iron and carbon and small iron particles agglomerated into larger ones.

6

Selektywne uwodornienie modelowych alfa, beta-nienasyconych ketonów

80%

Kijeński J. , Winiarek P. , Mikołajska A.

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2003

|

tom T. 82, nr 8-9

1291-1294

7

The hydrogenation process of the Gd3Ni compound

80%

Tristan N. V. , Palewski T. , Drulis H. , Folcik L. , Nikitin S. A.

Materials Science

|

2003

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tom Vol. 21, No. 3

357-361

EN

Reaction of intermetallic Gd3Ni with hydrogen and transformation of the crystal structure depending on hydrogen concentration is investigated. It is shown that Gd3Ni belongs to the group of intermetallic compounds which are thermodynamically unstable during hydrogenation and undergo a decomposition into the rare earth hydride and the transition metal. Nickel plays a role of the catalyst in the reaction and supports the formation of GdH3 at low temperatures.

8

Methanol Synthesis from CO2 and H2 on Cu/ZnO/Al2O3-ZrO2 Catalysts. Catalytic Activity and Adsorption of Reactants

80%

Słoczyński J. , Grabowski R. , Kozłowska A. , Lachowska M. , Skrzypek J.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2001

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tom Vol. 75, nr 5

733-742

EN

Effect of preparation method and substitution of Al2O3 by ZrO2 on the adsorption of CO, CO2, H2O and methanol on the Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 - ZrO2 catalysts as well as their activity in the synthesis of methanol from CO2 and H2 were investigated. The catalytic activity increases in the series: Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 obtained by co-precipitation < Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 < Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 - ZrO2 obtained by the amorphous precursor (citric acid) method < Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 obtained by the amorphous precursor (citric acid) method. It has been found that catalysts obtained by using citric acid as complexing agent show higher adsorption of methanol compared to water than the catalysts obtained by the coprecipitation. A partial substitution of Al2O3 by ZrO2 evidently decreases the reversible adsorption of water and CO. A correlation between adsorptive and catalytic properties has been established.With increasing ratio of reversibleCO2/CO orCH3OH/H2Oadsorption, an increase of the catalysts activity in the synthesis of methanol from CO2 and H2 is observed.

9

Influence of cathodic-protection-induced hydrogenation on mechanical properties of two ship hull plate steels

80%

Jakubowski M. , Modelski Ł. , Podbereski M.

Polish Maritime Research

|

2008

|

tom nr 1

65-71

EN

Tensile testing and Charpy V impact testing results for two ship hull steels: an ordinary strength steel grade A and a higher strength steel grade AH32 each in both as-received conditions and in hydrogenated by zinc protector in salt water conditions. For both steels the hydrogenation has slightly increased yield stress (Re) and elongation (A) and has not influenced ultimate tensile strength (Rm), while reduction of area has been unchanged (A steel) or even decreased (AH32 steel) due to the hydrogenation. The effect of the hydrogenation on Charpy tests results has evidently been beneficial: the increase of Charpy energy and of percent fibrosity (ductility) of fracture appearance as well as a shift down of ductile-brittle transition temperatures have been observed. It seems that the present practice to evaluate the mechanical properties of ship steels by testing the specimens without hydrogenation leads to conservative results. The Authors have hypothesized that the beneficial effect of hydrogenation can occur if the deformation rate is fast enough, the notch is sharp enough (although only for specimens hydrogenated in unstressed conditions) and hydrogen concentration is moderate.

10

Effect of support on the hydrogenation activity of nickel and platinum catalysts.

80%

Grzechowiak J. , Szyszka I.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Chemii i Technologii Nafty i Węgla Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

|

2002

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tom Vol. 10, nr 57

95-100

EN

The effect of supports (Al2O3, Al2O3-TiO2, SiO2, SiO2-TiO2 and TiO2) on hydrogenation activity of nickel and platinum catalysts has been studied. The Ni and Pt content of the samples was fixed at 5 wt.% and 0.5 wt.% respectively The deposition of TiO2 on surface of both Al2O3 and SiO2 supports increases hydrogenation activity of the catalysts. A comparison of activity of the Ni/Al2O3-TiO2 and the Ni/SiO2-TiO2 catalysts proved that the SiO2-TiO2 supports are better both for use of nickel and platinum catalysts. Pt/SiO2-TiO2 catalysts exhibited high catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of toluene at lower temperature range.

11

Wpływ procesu uwodornienia na właściwości paków węglowych

80%

Kaczmarska H. , Więcek I. , Surygała J. , Gerus-Piasecka I. , Kozłowski A.

Karbo

|

2001

|

tom Nr 3

84-87

PL

Badano wpływ procesu uwodornienia paków węglowych, otrzymanych ze smoły surowej i oczyszczonej, na właściwości uzyskanych produktów - paków modyfikowanych. Uwodornienie prowadzono przy użyciu tetraliny i 1,2,3.4-tctrahydrochinoliny (THQ). Stwierdzono, że stopień uwodornienia paku zależy głównie od typu rozpuszczalnika wodorodo-norowego. Wykazano, że uwodornione paki są niskoaromatyczne i mniej stabilne termicznie (wyższa zawartość części lotnych, mniejsza wydajność tworzenia pólkoksów) niż paki wyjściowe. Uwodornienie paków węglowych polepszyło teksturę optyczną otrzymanych z nich koksów.

EN

The influence was investigated of hydrogenation processes of coal-tar received from raw and rectified tars upon the properties of the feed products - modified pitches. Hydrogenation was done with the Ptetraline and 1,2,3,4- tetrahydroquinoline (THQ). It has been de-Bed that a degree of pitch hydrogenation depends mainly on the type of hydrogen donor solvent. It has been pointed out that hydrogenated pitches are low aromatic and less thermally stable ( higher content of Be matter, less yield in formation of semi-cokes) than initial pit-Btydrogenation of coal-tar pitches improved optical texture of cokes produced from them.

12

Textural properties and hydrogenation activity of nickel-alumina aerogels.

80%

Stolarski M. , Walendziewski J. , Malinowska B.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Chemii i Technologii Nafty i Węgla Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

|

2002

|

tom Vol. 10, nr 57

297-302

EN

Synthesis of nickel-alumina aerogels was carried out by hydrolysis of aerogel precursors and mixture of aerogel precursors, followed by gelation and co-gelation of the sols, drying obtained alcogels under supercritical conditions, calcination and impregnation of alumina aerogels by nickel acetate. The aluminum isopropoxide and sec-butoxide and nickel acetate were used as precursors of nickel-alumina aerogels. The influence of type of precursor and solvent as well as nickel content on bulk density, specific surface area and total pore volume was investigated. Activity of the prepared aerogel catalysts was determined in cyclohexene hydrogenation.

13

Iron-catalyzed hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions with relevance to reversible hydrogen storage applications

80%

Zell T. , Langer R.

Recyclable Catalysis

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2015

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tom 2

|

nr 1

EN

Today’s energy concerns require the development of suitable solutions for the storage of energy from renewable resources. Although the chemical storage of energy using molecular hydrogen as energy carrier is one of the best options, this type of energy storage requires the conversion of hydrogen to liquid organic hydrogen careers (LOHCs) for practical reasons. This goal is challenging and highly desirable at the same time. In comparison to dihydrogen, hydrogen storage in LOHCs offers easier handling and minimum dangers involved in their production, storage, and reconversion. To achieve efficient processes based on LOHCs highly active catalyst systems are required which ideally are based on cheap and abundant metals such as iron. This review summarizes recent advances in ironcatalyzed hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions, with relevance to reversible hydrogen storage in small molecules. It entails the dehydrogenation reactions of formic acid and methanol water mixtures, the reverse reaction, the hydrogenation of CO2, dehydrogenation of alcohols, and the hydrogenation of different carbonyl compounds as the formal reverse reaction, as well as hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions of N-heterocyclic compounds and hydrogen release reactions from amino boranes.

14

Ecological and economic conditions for implementing hydrogen fuel

80%

Gis W. , Kruczyński S. , Waśkiewicz J. , Gis M. , Menes M.

Journal of KONES

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2017

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tom Vol. 24, No. 3

79--86

EN

Hydrogenation of the motor transport has become the highest form of broadly understood contemporary electro mobility, with the use of hybrid vehicles through fully electrical vehicles to fuel cell vehicles. This article presents development of hydrogen technology applying fuel cells, in particular in road transport. The emission of greenhouse gases in the production cycles of the said fuel were discussed, depending on the use of various energy carriers in its production. Emphasis was given to the rationale underlying the production of hydrogen for the needs of fuel cells. Furthermore, the advantages were presented of exploiting electrical power for the production of hydrogen with the use of renewable sources of energy. The example of France was used to discuss the advantages of the hydrogen fuel technology for reducing the emission of combustion pollutants, in particular the emission of carbon dioxide. The article also evaluates – on the example of Poland – average unit costs (PLN/km) for using fuel cell vehicles. At present, they will be higher than in case of vehicles with conventional drivers. High cost is one of the causes – apart from limited production of fuel cell vehicles – of slacked development of the hydrogen fuel technology. The article also presents premises for the road transport hydrogenation national plan in Poland.

15

Effect of alkali metal promoters on catalytic performance of Co-based catalysts in selective hydrogenation of aniline to cyclohexylamine

70%

Valeš R. , Zapletal M. , Krupka J.

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 25, nr 1

1--7

EN

In this study, a series of Co-based catalysts with alkali metal carbonate promoters were prepared to investigate the interrelation between promotion effect of these carbonates and catalytic performance for aniline hydrogenation to cyclohexylamine in vapour phase. The chemical promoters Li2CO3 and Na2CO3 leading to decrease in catalytic activity of cobalt catalysts for aniline hydrogenation. Catalysts with K2CO3 and Cs2CO3 loadings have practically no catalytic activity for hydrogenation of aniline. Results of TPD of aniline proved that presence of alkali metals carbonates restricts the adsorption of aniline on the surface of cobalt catalysts. Further, it was found that the addition of Na2CO3 greatly enhances the catalytic selectivity towards the cyclohexylamine and inhibits the consecutive reactions of cyclohexylamine leading to formation of by-products such as dicyclohexylamine and N-phenylcyclohexylamine.

16

Leached phase-separated porous glasses as support material in liquid phase heterogeneous catalysis - a short review

70%

Gallert T. , Stolle A. , Ondruschka B.

Optica Applicata

|

2012

|

tom Vol. 42, nr 2

245-254

EN

Leached phase-separated porous glasses are interesting support materials for heterogeneous catalysts utilized for cross-coupling reactions and hydrogenation reactions in the liquid phase. The option to construct tailor-made porous structures and shapes of the particles results in materials with interesting properties for catalysis, such as narrow pore size distribution or specific surface area. Loading of porous glasses with various metals by the wet-impregnation technique leads to active catalysts for widespread applications in organic synthesis. This article reviews the application of porous glass-based catalysts for the construction of new C-C bonds as well as for chemoselective hydrogenation under microwave-assisted or classical heating conditions.

17

Badania nad uwodornieniem 2-etylo-3-propyloakroleiny : notatka laboratoryjna

70%

Klimiec J.

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2005

|

tom T. 84, nr 4

257-259

PL

Przeprowadzono badania nad zastosowaniem katalizatora produkcji krajowej zamiast katalizatora licencyjnego w procesie uwodornienia 2-etylo-3-propyloakroleiny do 2-etyloheksanolu. Stwierdzono, że katalizator miedziowo-cynkowo-glinowy o symbolu TMC-1 stosowany w syntezie metanolu może być zastosowany w węźle uwodornienia 2-etylo-3-propyloakroleiny do 2-etyloheksanolu. W trakcie prowadzenia testu żywotności katalizatora TMC-1 w ciągu 1000 h nie zaobserwowano zmniejszenia jego aktywności, a stopień przereagowania 2-etylo3-propyloakroleiny wynosił 100%.

EN

A (48:20:7 w/w) Cu–Zn–Al catalyst (Polish TMC-1) (reduced 12 h with 3.6 m3 (S.T.P.) H2/liter catalyst/h at 0.5 MPa and 190°C), conventionally used for the synthesis of MeOH, converted 2-ethyl-3-propylacrolein in 100% into 2-ethylhexanol in a 1000 × 30(ø)-mm reactor filled with 670 mm TMC-1 on a ceramic packing 285 mm high . In the 1000-h long test, 260–380 cm3/liter cat./h, contact time 2.31 s, bed temp. 190– 255°C,. TCM-1 proved to be equivalent to a com. (26:52 w/w) Cu–Zn catalyst.

18

Measurements of Hydrogen Solubility in Nitrobenzene/Aniline Mixtures

70%

Sobieszuk P. , Srebniak A. , Kraut M. , Görke O.

|

19

Katalizatory hydrorafinacji i uwodornienia na nośnikach Al2O3-TiO2 i SiO2-TiO2

60%

Grzechowiak J. R.

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2003

|

tom T. 82, nr 3

164-169

20

Catalytic hydrogenation of benzyl alcohol to cyclohexylmethanol

60%

Wandas R. , Frączek K.

Polish Journal of Applied Chemistry

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 42, nr 3-4

243-250

EN

The experiments of a low-temperature hydrogenation of benzyl alcohol to cyclohexylrnethanol over zeolite-supported ruthenium catalyst have been carried out. The effects of the catalyst concentration (40-120 g 11) and of hydrogen pressure (3.0-7.0 MPa) on the total conversion degree of the substrate and the yield of cyclohexylmethanol have been examined. At the temperature of 50°C, an effective hydrogenation of benzyl alcohol takes place with the total conversion reaching 100% and the yield of cyclohexylrnethanol reaching 70%. The presence of by-products (toluene and methylcyclohexane) formed by a hydrogenolysis of C- O bond has been detected.