Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Hydrostatic lubrication: the principle and applications of flow self-regulation

100%

Bassani R.

Applied Mechanics and Engineering

|

1999

|

tom Vol. 4, no 2

291-310

EN

A concise outline is presented of the principle of self-regulated flow rate in hydrostatic lubrication and some interesting applications are described on kinematic pairs and their systems. The principle permits a continuous and automatic distribution of the total flow in partial constant flows in the recesses of hydrostatic bearings due to their special shape. Studies and results obtained and presented here refer to: - generalities of the principle, pointed out by a bearing, - self-regulated hydrostatic screw and nut, - self regulated hydrostatic screw and nut with rectangular threads, - system of self-regulated hydrostatic pads.

2

Preterm discharge effects: Relationship between the maternal experience and newborn’s psychobiological regulation

100%

Sparano A. , Nieznanska A. A. , De Berardinis D. , Panetta V. , Ferri R. , Agostino R.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

|

2011

|

tom 42

|

nr 2

81-85

EN

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the past experiences of mothers and their potentially traumatic events during pregnancy may have influenced the processes of psychobiological self-regulation and cognitive development in a child born preterm. Eighty children who had a gestational age of < 32 weeks were examined at the 9th month of the corrected age. The mothers and children were divided in two groups: multipara mothers and their children and the primipara mothers and their children. These children were examined on the basis of sleep disorders, nutritional problems and mental development. Perinatal data from clinical observations and data from standardized developmental tests (BSID, II ed.) were used to describe the differences. The children of primipara mothers who had unexpected preterm delivery presented major incidences of sleep disorders while the children of primipara mothers, who programmed preterm delivery, presented a major incidences of nutrition problems. The predictability of preterm delivery has a major influence on the capacity of newborns for self-regulation in the case of primipara mothers.

3

Vnímanie depresie v kontexte tradičných škôl a evolučnej psychológie

100%

Durkáč D.

E-psychologie (E-psychology)

|

2014

|

tom 8

|

nr 2

29-39

EN

This theoretical article first highlights the need for the study of depression, due its increasing occurrence and impact on life. Then it describes its causes through traditional paradigms and also shows the possibility to enrich the traditional perceptions of the causes of major depressive disorder with the insight applying ideas of evolutionary psychology into the area of self-regulation. Thus it is possible to perceive depression as evolutionary advantage that extends the capabilities of adaptation and therefore improves the quality of life. From a scientific perspective, this view can lead to a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of depression as a disorder. Based on these findings practical and theoretical implementation is discussed.

SK

Tento teoretický príspevok v úvode poukazuje na potrebu štúdia depresie kvôli nárastu jej výskytu a vplyvu na život. Následne popisuje príčiny jej vzniku prostredníctvom tradičných škôl a tiež poukazuje, ako by bolo možné obohatiť bežné a tradičné vnímanie príčin depresívnej poruchy o pohľad, ktorý aplikuje myšlienky evolučnej psychológie do oblasti sebaregulácie. Takto je možné vnímať depresiu ako evolučnú výhodu, ktorá rozširuje možnosti adaptácie, a tak zvyšuje kvalitu života. Z vedeckého pohľadu tento pohľad môže viesť k hlbšiemu a komplexnejšiemu pochopeniu depresie ako poruchy. Na základe týchto poznatkov diskutujeme, ako by bolo možné použiť tieto poznatky na teoretickej a praktickej úrovni.

4

A note on the optimal scope of professional self-regulation

100%

Szczygielski K.

Central European Economic Journal

|

2020

|

tom 7

|

nr 54

EN

Professions such as doctors and lawyers often enjoy some degree of self-regulation, i.e. they can set the codes of conduct in the market and even determine the rules for joining the profession. We address the problem of the optimal scope of self-regulation. Specifically, we model a profession that can decide about the quality of the service, and we examine if the profession should also be allowed to determine the number of suppliers. We assume that a larger number of professionals reduce the fixed cost of providing quality, and hence the motive to restrict entry is mitigated. Nonetheless, we find that for well-behaved fixed costs functions, the size of the profession preferred by the professionals is smaller than the socially optimal one. Still, if the only alternative to self-regulation is free entry to the profession, then self-regulation is the preferable regime. These findings are relevant for the services that are difficult to substitute by the services produced outside the profession.

5

Ethical model of lobbying: An analysis of the codes regulating lobbying activity

100%

Lewicka-Strzałecka A.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

|

2017

|

tom 20

|

nr 8

75-86

EN

Self-regulation initiatives are undertaken by many lobbying circles in various countries. The key element of those initiatives are codes of ethics including a postulated model of lobbying activities, a specific pattern of ethical standards of lobbying. The aim of the article is a reconstruction of this pattern on the basis of the analysis of eight codes representing American, Polish, British, European and German lobbying. The analysis leads to the following conclusions. An axiological base of the lobbyist profession is created by such values as honesty, reliability, integrity, trust, professionalism, civic responsibility, openness, transparency, loyalty, respect, courtesy. Norms included in the codes are concentrated on the following issues: legality, transparency of actions, care of reputation and dignity of the profession, avoiding corruption, conflict of interest, customer relationship, duties toward society, public relations. A weak element of lobbying self-regulation is a system of norm execution.

6

Etyczny wzór lobbingu: analiza kodeksów regulujących działalność lobbingową

100%

Lewicka-Strzałecka A.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

|

2012

|

tom 15

109-119

EN

Self-regulation initiatives are undertaken by many lobbing circles in various countries. The key element of those initiatives are codes of ethics including a postulated model of lobbying activities, a specific pattern of ethical standards of lobbying. The aim of the article is a reconstruction of this pattern on the basis of the analysis of eight codes representing American, Polish, British, European and German lobbying. The analysis leads to the following conclusions. An axiological base of the lobbyist profession is created by such values as honesty, reliability, integrity, trust, professionalism, civil responsibility, openness, transparency, loyalty, respect, courtesy. Norms included in the codes are concentrated on the following issues: legality, transparency of actions, care of reputation and dignity of profession, avoiding corruption, conflict o f interest, customer relationship, duties toward society, public relations. A weak element of lobbying self-regulation is a system of norm execution.

7

Examining the Levels of Self-Leadership Perceptions of University Student- Athletes in Terms of Sociodemographic Characteristics

100%

Türköz T. , Mutlu T. O. , Tabak A. , Erdoğan M.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

|

2013

|

tom 58

|

nr 1

43-52

EN

The purpose of the present study is to determine the difference of self-leadership perceptions for university student-athletes in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. The research involved 167 university student-athletes aged 18-21 years (Muğla and Kocaeli at Turkey). Self-leadership perceptions were measured by the Revised Self-Leadership Questionnaire. The number of strategies of selfleadership was calculated in the distribution of mean scores. It was found that variables such as age, education status of mother, and monthly income of the university students do not cause any difference in the levels of self-leadership perceptions. On the other hand, other factors were determined to create statistically significant differences in the use of self-leadership strategies: gender; dealing with sport outside of school; taking part in teams; branch of interested sport; education status of father; socioeconomic status; personal sport history of athletes. It has revealed that not only the psychical factors but also behavioral, cognitive, and psychological factors of self-leadership have important roles in increasing the performance of student-athletes in sport activities.

8

Establishing Effective Media Self-Regulation in Poland

100%

Kurkowski I. , Sidyk-Furman D.

Central European Journal of Communication

|

2022

|

tom 15

|

nr 3(32)

501-514

9

Does Asthma Disturb Executive Functions and Self-regulation in Children?

100%

Fryt J. , Pilecka W. , Smolen T.

Polish Journal of Applied Psychology

|

2013

|

tom 11

|

nr 2

55-74

EN

Due to possible psychosocial and neurocognitive factors, asthma may present a risk to children’s executive functions and self-regulation, especially when it is poorly controlled. One hundred and one 8-11 year-old children (patients with asthma, ADHD and healthy peers) and their parents participated in the study. Four cognitive tasks measuring different executive functions and parent and child versions of behavior regulation inventory were used. Children with asthma had more diffi culties shifting their attention between tasks and exhibited more problems in self-regulation than their healthy peers, but their scores were better than children with ADHD. Patients with more intensive treatment, poor symptom control, a history of acute asthma attacks and non-compliance had slightly more diffi culties in executive functions and self-regulation.

10

Relationship of Different Perceived Exertion Scales in Walking or Running with Self-Selected and Imposed Intensity

100%

Dias M. R. C. , Simão R. , Machado G. H. R. , Furtado H. , Sousa N. F. , Fernandes H. M. , Saavedra F. J. F.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2014

|

tom 43

|

nr 1

149-157

EN

The aims of this study were to: (1) compare the Heart Rate (HR) and Rating Perceived Exertion (RPE) in training with self-selected and imposed loads, and (2) associate the OMNI-Walk/Run and Borg scales with self-selected and imposed loads, both on a treadmill. Ten trained men (20.3 ± 2.0 years, 75.6 ± 9.8 kg, 175.1 ± 5.1 cm) participated in a training program with self-selected load (time and speed individually preferred) and another with imposed load (even self-selected time and speed 10% higher). The HR and RPE were measured, every minute of training, by the OMNIWalk/ Run and Borg scales. No significant differences were found in the HR and RPE between training sessions. The correlation between the OMNI-Walk/Run and Borg scales showed a moderate association (r = 0.55) in training with self-selected load and a strong association in imposed load (r = 0.79). In this study, self-selected load induced a suboptimal stimulus to elicit favorable organic adaptations. Moreover, high correlation of OMNI Walk/Run and Borg scales with the imposed load showed that the greater the load of training the best were answers of RPE.

11

Procrastination as a Form of Misregulation in the Context of Affect and Self-Regulation

100%

Pietrzak A. , Tokarz A.

Studia Humana

|

2016

|

tom 5

|

nr 3

70-82

EN

This article aims in situating procrastination, as a specific form of affect regulation failure in context of general affect and self-regulation literature. This will be brought starting with definition of the phenomenon and its’ various forms and perspectives. Next, giving an insight into affect regulation literature. In the third step we will focus on elaborating the picture of procrastination and its’ underlying mechanisms in order to locate it in a broader domain of affect regulation as a specific form of self-regulatory lapse. A commentary regarding dealing with procrastination and effective affect regulation will be provided.

12

Autonomous vs. heteronomous mode of action control and task performance: The role of the situational context and action vs. state orientation

100%

Kadzikowska-Wrzosek R.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

|

2015

|

tom 46

|

nr 3

433-446

EN

The article presents the results of two experimental studies in which I investigated the effect of the situational context (autonomy-supportive vs. external control) and action vs. state orientation on perseverance and efficacy in task performance. The results of Study 1 (n = 40) confirmed that in a context which supports autonomy - as opposed to one which induces external control - people are much more likely to be not only more persistent and effective in their actions but also much more interested in the performed task. Interest in the performed task seems to also be - to some extent- a mediator in the relationship between persistence and efficacy. The results of Study 2 (n = 69) confirmed that a context, which supports autonomy positively, affects both persistence and efficacy. At the same time, the study shows that in a context, which supports autonomy, action-oriented people are more persistent and efficient in their actions than are state-oriented people. What is more, in an autonomy-supporting context, action-oriented people have a more positive attitude towards a given task than do state-oriented people.

13

Emotional and attentional predictors of self-regulation in early childhood

100%

Stępień-Nycz M. , Rostek I. , Byczewska-Konieczny K. , Kosno M. , Białecka-Pikul M. , Białek A.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

|

2015

|

tom 46

|

nr 3

421-432

EN

The development of self-regulation in early childhood is related to development of emotional regulation and attention, in particular executive attention (Feldman, 2009; Posner & Rothbart, 1998). As the ability to self-regulate is crucial in life (Casey et al., 2011), it is important to reveal early predictors of self-regulation. The aim of the paper is to present the results of longitudinal studies on the relationships between the functioning of attention, regulation of emotion and later self-regulatory abilities. 310 children were assessed at three time points. At 12 months of age emotional regulation in situation of frustration and attention regulation were assessed. At 18 and 24 months behavioral-emotional regulation in the Snack Delay Task was measured. Additionally parents assessed executive attention using The Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire when children were 26 months old. Structural equation modelling revealed two different paths to development of self-regulatory abilities at 18 months: emotional (reactive system) and emotionalattentional and only one emotional-attentional path at 24 months. The early ability to focus attention and later executive attention functioning revealed to be important predictors of self-regulatory abilities both at 18 and 24 months of age.

14

Mediálne správanie a sebakontrola

100%

Kováčová Holevová B.

Psychologie a její kontexty (Psychology & Its Contexts)

|

2012

|

tom 3

|

nr 1

57-69

EN

The paper presents an overview of the theoretical and empirical information regarding the overuse of television and some other new media (especially the internet and video games) in contexts of individual's self-control. After defining the main and related concepts, it emphasize the legitimacy of investigation problem of media behavior through actual research mapping the amount of time people spend by this media. Self-control can be seen as a constant disposition in the context of problematic media behavior, and this view reflects both the personal approach, and as the actual ability of a person that can vary under influence of various factors. Inspiring in this context seems to be a new model of unregulated use of media. The conclusion summarizes the potential preventive aspects through which the individual can prevent problem media behavior.

15

Examining the Levels of Self-Leadership Perceptions of University Student- Athletes in Terms of Sociodemographic Characteristics

100%

Türköz T. , Mutlu T. O. , Tabak A. , Erdoğan M.

|

nr 1

43-52

EN

The purpose of the present study is to determine the difference of self-leadership perceptions for university student-athletes in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. The research involved 167 university student-athletes aged 18-21 years (Muğla and Kocaeli at Turkey). Self-leadership perceptions were measured by the Revised Self-Leadership Questionnaire. The number of strategies of selfleadership was calculated in the distribution of mean scores. It was found that variables such as age, education status of mother, and monthly income of the university students do not cause any difference in the levels of self-leadership perceptions. On the other hand, other factors were determined to create statistically significant differences in the use of self-leadership strategies: gender; dealing with sport outside of school; taking part in teams; branch of interested sport; education status of father; socioeconomic status; personal sport history of athletes. It has revealed that not only the psychical factors but also behavioral, cognitive, and psychological factors of self-leadership have important roles in increasing the performance of student-athletes in sport activities.

16

The Effect of Goal Setting Difficulty on Serving Success in Table Tennis and the Mediating Mechanism of Self-regulation

100%

Liu W. , Zhou C. , Ji L. , Watson J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2012

|

tom 33

173-185

EN

Goal setting difficulty has been shown to contribute to athletic performance (Burton et al., 2000). However, the potential mediating mechanism of goal difficulty on performance is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to verify the effect of goal setting difficulty on serving success in table tennis, and determine if self-regulation is the mediating variable. The current study used serving success within a one minute period as the task, and the "Athlete's Self-regulation in Motor Learning" as the measurement tool. The experiment was designed as a 3 (serving frequency: 20/min, 23/min, and 26/min) x 2 (serving placement: left "small triangle", and right "small triangle") model. Participants (N = 60) in the current study were students from a physical education school. These participants were randomly assigned into the experimental and control groups. After the intervention, differences in self-regulation (p < 0.001) and serving success (p < 0.05) between the experimental and control groups were significant. For the experimental groups, there was a significant difference in self-regulation (p < 0.001) and serving success (p < 0.05) before and after the experiment. Serving frequency had a main effect on self-regulation (F (5, 24) = 12.398, p < 0.01) and serving success (F (5, 24) = 37.601, p < 0.001). Moderately difficult goal setting contributed to athletic performance. Regression analysis using bootstrapping methods revealed that self-regulation partially mediated the relationship between the two.

17

88%

Molińska W. , Olechowska A.

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

|

2022

|

tom 22

|

nr 2

213-223

EN

Self-efficacy can affect an individual’s thoughts and emotions. It can be related to self-regulation processes and coping strategies. The aim of the study was to try to answer the question of whether there are correlations between the mentioned variables. To test this, an online survey was designed on the Google Forms platform, which included sociodemographic questions and three questionnaires: General Self-Efficacy Scale, COPE Inventory, Self Regulation Formative Questionnaire. The survey was prepared in English. The survey included 470 participants from Poland and Spain. The study was conducted during increased stress, which is the exam session. The result of the statistical analysis confirmed the accepted hypothesis. Strategies used in coping with stress are related to the level of selfregulation and self-efficacy. The higher the sense of self-efficacy, the more frequent the selection of favorable coping strategies, as well as the higher the level of self-regulation, the more frequent the selection of adaptive strategies and the rarer the selection of adaptive coping strategies. The results obtained are discussed in relation to the literature on the topic and previous studies, and it is suggested that further studies be conducted in a different context, taking into account that the results of self-efficacy or self-regulation could be different during intensified stress, for instance before or after an exam.

18

Self-regulation among Young Women with Disabilities in Jordan from Their Perspectives

88%

Al-Zyoud N. , Al-Zboon E.

The New Educational Review

|

2017

|

tom 47

255-265

EN

This study investigates the perspectives of young women with disabilities in Jordan, focusing on their self-regulation. 16 young women, aged 18-22, with visual (VI), hearing (HI) impairments and physical disability (PD), were recruited using a snowballing technique. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, which were analysed thematically. Two main themes emerged where findings show that disability affects self-regulation where there was an overlap between local cultural perspectives in understanding disability of young women, disability and gender in understanding self-regulation of women with disabilities. Disability and gender also influence women with disabilities self-regulation with respect to self-learning, setting goals, self-evaluation, self-monitoring, making decisions and self-reinforcement. Findings will add to the current debate and efforts to understand disabilities in women and lay the groundwork for initiating a campaign in Jordan concentrating on the importance of self-regulation in young women with disabilities.

19

Psychometric properties and correlates of the Polish version of the Self-Control Scale (SCS)

88%

Pilarska A. , Baumeister R. F.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

|

2018

|

tom 49

|

nr 1

20

Buffer Effects in Submersed Denitrifying Biofilter

88%

Gevod V. S. , Chernova A. S. , Zhumadulayeva A. I. , Dossybayeva G. N. , Syzdykova M. , Shymelkova R. Z. , Issayeva A. U.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

tom Vol. 23, nr 4

145--154

EN

The high content of nitrates in drinking water leads to serious diseases. The creation of biofiltering devices with the longest time of their operation between preventive flushes is extremely important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the features of the functioning of the developed U-shaped submersible denitrifying biofilter during its long-term operation in the piston filtration mode. The denitrification of water by using the method of displacement (piston) biofiltration in a submersible small U-shaped biofilter with immovable carriers of attached microflora in its filter load was studied. As a result, clogging of the pore space of the biofilter in the zone of excess bacterial nutrition is prevented and the vital activity of bacteria is maintained in places where there is no nutrient substrate. It has been shown that, due to adaptive mechanisms, denitrifying bacteria convert nitrate ions into gaseous nitrogen, consuming extracellular polymeric substances. The rate constants of the reaction of reduction of nitrates to molecular nitrogen in different zones of the biofilter under different filtration modes were determined. The activity of the microflora inside the biofilter quickly returns to its original level when a full-fledged external nutrition is resumed. The efficiency of nitrate to nitrogen conversion in the studied biofilter is 94.2±8.9%.