Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Esophageal carcinoma in patients with spinal cord diseases: a report on two cases and one patho-physiological hypothesis

100%

Ohry A. , Zeilig G.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2011

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tom 1

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nr 2

187-191

EN

Two patients developed esophageal cancer: one patient had cervical poliomyelitis and the other one sustained cervical spinal cord penetrating injury. The possible association between spinal cord disorder and the late appearance of esophageal cancer is discussed.

2

A new non-laminectomy model of the spinal cord injury: pressure impactor

80%

Gzik M. , Tejszerewska D. , Bobrowski M.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2006

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tom Vol. 8, nr 2

89-95

EN

The influence of air pressure impact on rat spinal cord injuries is presented. In order to verify the non-laminectomy model of spinal cord injury, a professional device was designed. The device is based on pneumatic solution and gives the opportunity to carry out repeatable, unlimited, controlled experiments without the necessity of an extensive opening of the vertebral canal.

3

Effects of Strength Training on Physical Capacities of the Disabled with Cervical Spine Injuries

80%

Tabęcki R. , Kosmol A. , Mastalerz A.

Human Movement

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2009

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tom 10

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nr 2

126-129

EN

Purpose. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of strength training on the physical capacities of disabled persons with cervical spine injuries. Basic procedures. The study sample consisted of four disabled subjects with C4-C6 cervical spine injury, who were active Paralympic athletes (one swimmer and three wheelchair rugby players) from the Foundation of Active Rehabilitation. The study was carried out over a period of 15 months. The Biodex System 3 Pro isokinetic dynamometer and an arm cycloergometer were used for measurements. The measurements of muscle torques at the shoulder joint were carried out at 8-week intervals using the Biodex dynamometer. Main findings. The test results revealed a correlation between the body's physical endurance and strength capacities of subjects with cervical spine injuries. The "Upperton" strength training equipment modified for tetraplegics allowed maximal loading of the disabled athletes' shoulder girdle. Conclusions. Strength training improves the maximal force of arms in tetraplegics and positively affects their physical endurance. Tetraplegics can take advantage of strength training only by using hand-fixed weights, due to the limited function of arm flexors, including the greatly reduced hand gripping function. Strength training is an indispensable element of rehabilitation of tetraplegics.

4

The arterial supply of the thoracic part of human fetal spinal cord SEM of vascular corrosion casts

80%

Zawilinski J. , Skawina A. , Nowogrodzka-Zagorska M. , Gorczyca J.

Folia Morphologica

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1996

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tom 55

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nr 4

5

A study on spinal cord segmentation techniques

70%

Jasim M. , Brindha T.

Control and Cybernetics

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2018

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tom Vol. 47, no. 4

497--521

EN

One of the vital organs, which manage the communication between the brain and different body parts, is the spinal cord. It is highly prone to the traumatic injuries and to several diseases. The vital criteria for the clinical management are the appropriate localization and segmentation of the spinal cord. The segmentation experiences the risks, associated with the diversity in the human anatomy and contrast variation inMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Hence, an efficacious segmentation method must be devised for the effective segmentation and disc localization of the spinal cord. Correspondingly, the here contained survey provides the review of the distinct segmentation schemes for the spinal cord segmentation. At present, there is an urgent requirement for the development of an effective segmentation approach so as to outperform the existing segmentation methods. In this research article, a detailed survey on several research works presenting the recommended segmentation schemes, based on the active contour model, semi-automated segmentation, deformable model, probabilistic model, graph-based segmentation, and so on, is presented. Additionally, an in depth analysis and discussion are provided, in accordance with the publication year, evaluation metrics, segmentation scheme, Magnetic Resonance (MR) image datasets, Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and accuracy. Subsequently, the research gaps and risks, related to distinct segmentation schemes are considered for directing the researchers towards a better future investigation field.

6

Injury classification and level detection of the spinal cord based on the optimized recurrent neural network

70%

Jasim M. , Brindha T.

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

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2021

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tom Vol. 17, no. 1

25--40

EN

Objectives: Spinal cord damage is one of the traumatic situations in persons that may cause the loss of sensation and proper functioning of the muscles either temporarily or permanently. Hence, steps to assure the recovery through the early functioning and precaution could safe-guard a proper interceptive. To ensure the recovery of spinal cord damage through optimized recurrent neural network. Methods: The research on the spinal cord injury classification and level detection is done using the CT images, which is initially given to the segmentation that is done using the adaptive thresholding methodology. Once the segments are formed, the disc is localized using the sparse fuzzy C-means clustering approach. In the next step, the features are extracted from the localized disc and the features include the connectivity features, statistical features, image-level features, grid-level features, Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG), and Linear Gradient Pattern (LGP). Then, the injury detection is done based on the Crow search Rider Optimization algorithm-based Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CS-ROA-based DCNN). Once the result regarding the presence of the injury is obtained, the injury-level classification is done based on the proposed Deep Recurrent Neural Network (Deep RNN), and in case of the absence of injury, the process is terminated. Therefore, the injury detection classifier derives the level of the injury, such as normal, wedge, biconcavity, and crush. Results: The experimentation is carried out using an Osteoporotic vertebral fractures database. The performance of the injury level detection based on the proposed model is evaluated based on accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The proposed model achieves the maximal accuracy of 0.895, maximal sensitivity of 0.871, and the maximal specificity of 0.933 with respect to K-Fold. Conclusions: The experimental results show that the proposed model is better than the existing models in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.

7

Segmentation of spinal cord images by means of watershed and region merging together with inhomogeneity correction

70%

Nieniewski M. , Serneels R.

Machine Graphics and Vision

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2002

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tom Vol. 11, No. 1

101-121

EN

The paper presents a morphological method for segmentation of high field Mahnetic Resonance (MR) images of the human spinal cord and extraction of the gray matter mask. These images are of low quality and poor contrast. The inhomogeneity of brightness in thr image is usully more pronounced than the difference in brightness between the gray matter and the white matter. Due to this inhomogeneity, it is very hard to use watershed segmentation for automatic extraction of the gray matter, and what remains is manual pointing out of a hundred or more regions belonging to the gray matter. However, as shown in the paper, by using the White Top Hat (WHT) transform with a large structuring element, one can correct the images, significantly reducing the inhomogeneity and approprioriginal image, whereas region statistics used for region merging are calculated from the corrected image. Then the extraction of the gray matter mask is carried out in a semi-automatic way, with the user pointing out the first region belonging to the gray matter area, and the program selecting subsequent neighboring regions based on the statistics of the regions. The method was tested on images coming from different cross-sections of the spinal cord, and the results indicate that the process of extracing the gray matter mask has been significantly speeded up and improved.

8

Electrophysiological investigation of spino-olivary projections originating from sacral segments of the cat spinal cord

70%

Mrowczynski W. , Krutki P.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2001

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tom 61

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nr 4

9

Ultrastructure of the glial cells after spinal cord compression in rabbits

70%

Orkisz S. , Bartel H. , Jarmundowicz W. , Lawicki B. , Chlebinski J.

Folia Morphologica

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1996

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tom 55

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nr 4

10

Charakterystyka mechaniczna rdzenia kręgowego świni pod wpływem obciążenia statycznego w badaniu in vitro

60%

Pasławski R. , Jacyna M. , Jacyna K. , Janiszewski A. , Będziński R.

Inżynieria Powierzchni

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2018

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tom nr 2

43--48

PL

Podstawy: Pomimo faktu prowadzenia wielu badań wiadomo, że właściwości mechaniczne świńskiego rdzenia kręgowego poddawanego obciążeniom nie zostały jeszcze dostatecznie wyjaśnione. Metody: Próbki zostały obciążone przy różnych prędkościach odkształcenia: 0,02 (1/ s) i 0,002(1/ s)do wielkości odkształcenia od 5% do 10%. Po osiągnięciu określonej wartości odkształcenia próbki pozostawiono przy stałym odkształceniu po to aby utrzymać relaksację naprężeń. Wyniki: Testy rozciągania przedstawiające relację naprężenie-odkształcenie są znacząco nieliniowe z krzywą odpowiadającą niskiej sztywności. W poniższym obszarze naprężenie wzrasta wykładniczo wraz z przyłożonym odkształceniem. Największe wartości obliczonych naprężeń dla 10% odkształcenia wynosiły 0,014 MPa ( przy prędkości odkształcenia 0,02 (1/s)) i 0,008 MPa (przy prędkości 0,002 (1/s)).Liniowa aproksymacja naprężeń określona metodą minimum kwadratów pozwala wyznaczyć wartość modułu Younga: 39,68 kPa przy prędkości odkształcenia 0,02 (1/s) i 31,07 kPa przy prędkości odkształcenia 0,002 (1/s). Współczynnik statystyczny dopasowania R dla obu regresji miał wartość ponad 0,99 i potwierdził dobrą jakość aproksymacji. Współczynniki A i β (w równaniu Cloyd i Fujita) wynosiły odpowiednio 1,5 MPa i 31,3 przy prędkości odkształcenia 0,02 (1/s) oraz 1,3 MPa i 25,3 przy prędkości 0,002 (1/s). Względna relaksacja naprężeń została osiągnięta po 60 s w zakresie od 20% do 37%. Bezwzględna relaksacja naprężeń wynosiła od 0,4 kPa do 2,4 kPa przy prędkości odkształcenia 0,002 (1/s) przy 5 proc. maksymalnym odkształceniu oraz odpowiednio 0,02 (1/s) przy 10 proc. max. odkształceniu. Interpretacja: Charakterystyki mechaniczne przedstawiły też widoczną zależność odkształcenia i prędkości jako, że sztywność znacząco wzrasta wraz ze wzrostem prędkości odkształcenia.

EN

Background: In spite of a number of researchers, it is well known that mechanical behaviour of a spinal cord under loading has not yet been studied extensively enough. Methods: Specimens were loaded at various strain rates: 0.02/s and 0.002/s to 5% and 10% strain. After reaching defined strain value, samples were left at a constant strain for stress relaxation. Findings: The demonstrated tensile testing stress-strain response is a highly non-linear curve corresponding to low stiffness. In the toe region stress increases exponentially with the applied strain. The highest calculated stress value for 10% strain was 0,014 MPa (strain rate 0.02/s) and 0.008 MPa (strain rate 0.002/s). Linear approximation of the stress by the least square method allowed to derive Young modulus of the value: 39.68 kPa at strain rate 0.02/s and 31.07 kPa at strain rate 0.002/s. R squared value for both regressions was above 0.99 and confirmed a good quality of approximation. A and β coefficients (in Cloyd and Fujita equation) were 1.5 MPa and 31.3 at 0.02/s strain rates and 1.3 MPa and 25.3 at 0.002/s strain rates correspondingly. Relative stress relaxation increased from 20% to 37% after 60 s. Absolute stress relaxation was from 0.4 kPa to 2.4 kPa, at 0.002/s strain rate by 5% maximum strain and 0.02/s strain rate by 10% respectively. Interpretation: Mechanical characteristics demonstrated a visible strain-rate dependence as stiffness was significantly increasing with an increase of strain rate.

11

Aerobics and pregnancy

60%

Genti M. , Serbezis V. , Mavridis G.

Studies in Physical Culture and Tourism

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2009

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tom 16

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nr 4

12

Stymulacja rdzenia kręgowego w leczeniu bólu przewlekłego

60%

Urbanowska J. , Chantsoulis M. , Skrzek A. , Sakowski J. , Sipko T. , Całka K.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

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2010

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tom Vol. 16, nr 2

129-132

PL

Jednym ze sposobów leczenia bólu przewlekłego jest procedura neuromodulacyjna – stymulacja rdzenia kręgowego (spinal cord stimulation SCS). Istnieje wiele teorii wyjaśniających mechanizm jej działania, ale nie jest on ostatecznie poznany. SCS stosuje się między innymi po operacjach neurochirurgicznych w zespołach failed back surgery syndrome i post-laminectomy syndrome. Wskazaniem do stymulacji rdzenia kręgowego jest ból neuropatyczny, który powstaje w wyniku ucisku nerwów (pleksopatie, radikulopatie). Elektrodę umieszcza się w grzbietowej części przestrzeni nadtwardówkowej, na wysokości zależnej od miejsca występowania bólu. Najczęstsze miejsca implantacji generatora zlokalizowane są wzdłuż linii środkowo-pachowej, w górnej części pośladka, w linii pachowej tylnej i powłokach brzucha, tuż poniżej najniższego żebra. Elektroda dodatnia – anoda – hamuje neurony poprzez hiperpolaryzację. Wykorzystując to działanie, programuje się urządzenia stymulujące. SCS jako metoda leczenia bólu przewlekłego daje pacjentom ulgę w bólu, a niektórym stwarza możliwość powrotu do pracy.

EN

Neuromodulation is the procedure used for the spinal cord stimulation (SCS). There are many theories explaining its mechanism, however it has not been thoroughly studied. SCS is used e.g. after neurosurgical operations in failed back surgery syndrome as well as post-laminectomy syndrome. An indication for spinal cord stimulation is neuropathic pain occurring as a result of pressure on nerves. An electrode is placed within a dorsal part of the extradural space at the height dependent on the pain location. The most frequent site of generator implantation is located along the midaxillary line, in the upper part of the buttock, in the posterior axillary line and the lining of the stomach just below the lowest rib. The positive electrode – anode – suppresses neurons through hyperpolarization. SCS as a method of chronic pain treatment brings relief to patients, and in some cases it enables them to go back to work.

13

Comparison of dynamic behavior and maturation of neural multipotent cells derived from different spinal cord developmental stages: an in vitro study

60%

Slovinska L. , Szekiova E. , Blasko J. , Devaux S. , Salzet M. , Cizkova D.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2015

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tom 75

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nr 1

EN

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are characterized as undifferentiated cells with the ability of self-renewal and multipotency to give rise to other cells of the nervous system. In our in vitro study we demonstrate the proliferative and differentiative potential of NPCs isolated from the spinal cord at different developmental stages (embryonal, early postnatal, adult), maintained and expanded within neurospheres (NSs). Using the NSs culture system, we examined the size, number of NSs and their fate when exposed to differentiation conditions. Based on immunocytochemical analyses for cell markers (MAP 2, GFAP, RIP) we evaluated the occurrence of various cell types: neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The results show that NSs increased in size during cultivation time via NPC proliferation, but proliferation potential decreased during maturation stages. In addition, NPCs derived from spinal cord developmentally different stages gave rise to a consistent ratio of glial and neuronal progeny (3:1), and adult tissues represent a comparable source of NPCs compared to embryonal and early postnatal tissues. These data provide useful information for large-scale in vitro expansion of NPCs required for potential cell therapy after spinal cord injury.

14

Etapowe leczenie wielomiejscowych, ciężkich odleżyn u chorego porażonego w przebiegu urazu rdzenia kręgowego - studium przypadku

60%

Wasiak K. , Tederko P.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

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2010

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tom Vol. 16, nr 1

18-19

PL

Doniesienie przedstawia proces wieloetapowego leczenia ciężkich odleżyn u 26-letniego chorego z porażeniem czterokończynowym, które wystąpiło w przebiegu urazu odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa 8 lat przed przyjęciem do oddziału. U pacjenta etapowo leczono trzy rozlegle i głębokie odleżyny obydwu okolic krętarzowych oraz okolicy krzyżowej. Z powodu destrukcji stawów biodrowych zaistniała także konieczność ich obustronnej resekcji. Po 7-miesięcznym leczeniu udało się wyleczyć wszystkie odleżyny. W ciągu ponad dwuletniej obserwacji chorego żadna z operowanych odleżyn nie uległa nawrotowi.

EN

The article presents the multi-stage treatment of severe decubitus ulcers in a male patient, 26 years of age, with posttraumatic tetraplegia resultingfrom a cervical spinal cord injury that had occurred 8 years prior to admission. The patient presented with extensive and deep ulcerations in the sacral region and both trochanteric regions. Due to the destruction of the bilateral hip resection was also necessary. The entire hospital stay lasted 7 months and resulted in complete healing of all three decubitus lesions. There was no recurrence of pressure ulcers during the 2-years observation period.

15

Komputerowe algorytmy sztucznej inteligencji w interpretacji niektórych obrazów centralnego układu nerwowego

60%

Ogiela L. , Gądek A.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

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2007

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tom Vol. 13, nr 1

12-15

PL

W pracy zaprezentowane zostały metody sztucznej inteligencji, w szczególności mechanizmy lingwistyczne prowadzące do semantycznego wnioskowania znaczeniowego, których wykorzystanie jest ważne w tworzeniu inteligentnych systemów informacyjnych typu DSS (Diagnostic Support System - system wspomagający diagnostykę). Ponadto wyjaśniono informatyczne mechanizmy opisu znaczeniowego analizowanych obiektów w przypadku przykładowej analizy obrazów rdzenia kręgowego. Zaproponowano procedury semantycznego wnioskowania na bazie modelu rezonansu kognitywnego. Procedury te zostały zastosowane do znaczeniowej interpretacji wskazanych zobrazowań diagnostycznych centralnego układu nerwowego CNS. W celu skutecznego wykrywania zmian patologicznych, dokonano analizy zbioru danych pochodzących z badań magnetyczno--rezonansowych struktur rdzenia kręgowego.

EN

In the paper artificial intelligence methods are presented, in particular, the cognitive linguistic mechanisms used in semantic meaning inference, which allow to create intelligent information system of DSS type (Diagnostic Support System). Additionally, computer algorithms of semantic description applied for object analysis in the case of recognition of spinal cord visualizations, were discussed. The proposed semantic derivation procedures were based on cognitive resonance model, and were exploited for semantic interpretation of selected central nervous system patterns. Effective recognition of pathological changes was based on visual data set obtained during magnetic-resonance imaging of spinal cord.

16

Canine degenerative myelopathy – pathogenesis, current diagnostics possibilities and breeding implications regarding genetic testing

60%

Fiszdon K. , Gruszczynska J. , Siewruk K.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Zootechnica

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2020

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tom 19

|

nr 1

17

An immunohistochemical study on the presence of nitric oxide synthase isoforms (nNOS, iNOS, eNOS) in the spinal cord and nodose ganglion of rats receiving ionising gamma radiation to their liver

60%

Yilmaz O. , Soyguder Z. , Keles O. F. , Yaman T. , Yener Z. , Uyar A. , Cakir T.

Journal of Veterinary Research

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2020

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tom 64

|

nr 3

18

Respiratory responses to voluntary and reflexly-induced stepping movements in normal subjects and spinal patients

60%

Isaev G. G. , Gerasimenko Y. P. , Selionov V. A. , Kartashova N. A.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

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2004

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tom 55

|

nr 3

77-82

EN

In the present study, the mechanisms of interaction between the breathing and stepping movements were investigated. The investigations were carried out in 8 normal subjects and 4 individuals with complete spinal cord lesion. Additionally, experimental studies were performed in 7 decerebrate and 4 spinal cats. Involuntary reflex stepping movements in the air were induced by vibrators attached above a tendon of m. rectus femoris and m. biceps femoris. In the spinal patients, epidural stimulation was carried out with electrodes located in the posterior epidural space at the vertebral level Th11. It was found that voluntary-induced stepping, which are accompanied by visceral reactions, were mediated by the central mechanisms. Changes in breathing pattern in response to vibration-induced involuntary stepping movements point up to the peripheral component being predominant in such interactions. In the spinal patients under epidural spinal cord stimulation delivered below the site of injury, the reaction in the cardio-respiratory system was abolished. Vibrations to the leg muscles also did not evoke respiratory responses. However, in the condition of forced breathing such vibrations evoked the rhythmic bursting EMG activity in m. rectus femoris, which was in harmony with the breathing rhythm. The results confirmed the presence of an interaction between breathing and stepping generators. This interaction is underlain both by central and peripheral components.

19

Structure of the intramedullary vascular net of the spinal cord in Wistar rats

60%

Karmanski A. , Mikusek J. , Karmanska W.

Folia Morphologica

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1996

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tom 55

|

nr 3

20

Meninx primitiva of the spinal cord in human embryos at stage 13 [28 postovulatory days]

60%

Guzniczak L. , Bruska M. , Wozniak W.

Folia Morphologica

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1996

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tom 55

|

nr 4