Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Content of reduced glutathione form as a biomarker of oxidative stress in spinach plants growing in soil contaminated with zinc

100%

Arasimowicz M. , Wiśniowska-Kielian B. , Niemiec M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2014

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tom Vol. 15, nr 1

61--66

EN

The aim of the paper is the assessment of the efficiency of anti-oxidative system in spinach plants growing in the substratum polluted with zinc. The assessment was conducted on the basis of changes of reduced glutathione (GSH) form concentration in the plant aboveground organs. Spinach plants, ‘Matador’ c.v., were cultivated in soils contaminated with zinc in two pot experiments conducted in 2010 and 2011. The experimental substratum was light, slightly soil with granulometric composition of sandy silt loam. Zinc in the acetate form, was supplied to the soil in four doses corresponded to this metal critical concentrations in soil with 0, I, II and III degrees of pollution with this element according to IUNG classification. Simultaneously, the control with natural Zn content in soil was maintained. Zn concentrations in spinach ranged from 412.8 to 1722 mg kg-1 d.m. and increased with growing degree of substratum pollution with this element. Over the course of the vegetation period the content of Zn in plants was generally greater. GSH content in spinach grown in both years of experiments fluctuated from 31.70 to 238 μg g-1 f.m. The biggest content of this compound in spinach was stated in the initial phase of plants growth. The plants tolerated only the first two Zn doses supplied to the substratum. Spinach growing in the objects where zinc additions to the soil equalled II and III degree of substratum pollution died shortly after germination. The plants from these objects in the initial growth phase contained significantly less GSH than spinach from the objects with two first degrees (0 and I) of substratum pollution with zinc or from the control. The content of reduced glutathione form in spinach is a good biomarker of oxidative stress caused by zinc presence in plants. Synthesis of a bigger amount of GSH conditions spinach plant resistance to over the norm zinc content in soil. The efficiency of antioxidative system in spinach is bigger in the initial phase of this plant growth.

2

Effect of light and chill on the physiological state of cucumber plants regenerated in vitro cultures

100%

Murkowski A. , Burza W. , Skorska E.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

1997

|

tom 19

|

nr 2

3

Regulation of gene expression by endogenous ABA in tomato plants

100%

Bray E. A. , Cohen A. , Plant A. L. , Moses M. S. , Imai R. , Griffiths A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

1997

|

tom 19

|

nr 4

EN

In response to water deficit, endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) accumulates in plants. This ABA serves as a signal for a multitude of processes, including regulation of gene expression. ABA accumulated in response to water deficit signals cellular as well as whole plant responses playing a role in the pattern of gene expression throughout the plant. Although the function of genes regulated by ABA during stress are currently poorly understood, a number of these genes may permit the plant to adapt to environmental stress.

4

Developmental stability of the mink Mustela vison under the impact of PCB

100%

Borisov V. I. , Baranov A. S. , Valetsky A. V. , Zakharov V. M.

Acta Theriologica. Supplement

|

1997

|

nr 04

EN

Females of the American mink Mustela vison Schreber, 1777 were fed on various fractions of comercial PCB. Developmental stability of their progeny was studied. Developmental stability was measured by the value of fluctuating asymmetry, and the frequency of phenodeviants of osteological and dermatoglyphic characters. All these measures proved to be significantly higher in the experimental intoxicated groups than in the control group, thus indicating deterioration of developmental stability from PCB.

5

Contents of phenolics and chemical elements in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) leaves from copper smelter area (SW Poland)

86%

Mróz L. , Demczuk M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2010

|

tom Vol. 58, nr 3

475-486

EN

Concentrations of the elements N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were measured in the leaves of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and the soil in which it grew. Concentration of total phenolics in bilberry leaves was also determined. Soil and leaves were sampled at polluted site situated 10-13 km northeast of copper smelter at Głogów (SW Poland) and at a relatively clean site. Soil at the vicinity of the Cu-smelter contained significantly more Cu, Pb, Cd, S, and significantly less Mn, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni than the non-polluted soil. Bilberry leaves from polluted site contained significantly higher concentrations of Cu, Pb, Cd, S, Fe and Cr and significantly lower concentrations of Mn and Zn. Furthermore, they had significantly higher level of total phenolics as compared with bilberry leaves from non-polluted site. Stepwise regression analysis enabled the identification of the leaf variables that best explain the variance pattern of the total foliar phenolics. This method indicated that the level of total phenolics in bilberry leaves increased with increasing concentrations of Cu, Pb, Cd and S, and decreasing level of Mn and Zn in leaves. Total foliar phenolics in bilberry in the investigated area might be a suitable indicator of stress caused by environmental pollution of heavy metal and sulfur.

6

Dental environmental stress during the COVID‑19 pandemic at the Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

86%

Zarzecka J. , Zarzecka-Francica E. , Gala A. , Gębczyński K. , Pihut M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2021

|

tom 34

|

nr 2

211-222

EN

ObjectivesThe burden of stress experienced by dentistry students has been the subject of numerous studies aimed at defining the strongest stressors, and at reducing their intensity to improve the conditions and, consequently, the quality of education. Such studies have never been performed in the conditions of a pandemic caused by a new, unknown coronavirus. Therefore, the objective of the study was to identify the sources of their stress in the course of the studies, with reference to the COVID‑19 pandemic.Material and MethodsA total of 334 dentistry students of the Institute of Dentistry at the Jagiellonian University Medical College were invited to take part in the study. They represented a range from the first to the fifth year of studies in the 2019/2020 academic year. The tool employed in the study was the Dental Environmental Stress (DES) questionnaire and 11 supplementary questions related to the pandemic. The study was carried out on June 1–25, 2020.ResultsThe participation rate was 72%. Academic work presented the highest level of stress. A comparison of the overall levels of stress in particular domains as well as questions included in the DES survey revealed significant differences between students of individual years of studies in the 2019/2020 academic year. The strongest positive relationships between the supplementary questions and the DES domains appeared in the area of clinical factors. These concerned returning to clinical classes and contact with patients with regard to SARS-CoV-2 (rs = 0.50, p < 0.001), contact with patients in connection with SARS-CoV-2 (rs = 0.47, p < 0.001), and a lack of practical classes with patients in connection with the COVID‑19 pandemic (rs = 0.42, p < 0.001).ConclusionsDentistry students were subjected to stress resulting from a conflict between the perceived risk of returning to clinical classes and contact with patients due to SARS-CoV-2, and disruptions in the course of clinical education, which they perceived negatively.

7

Comparing the rate of growth and metabolic efficiency of yeast experiencing environmental stress or genetic damage

86%

Sendra K. , Jakubowska A. , Korona R.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2013

|

tom 60

|

nr 4

665-669

EN

Physical stresses, toxic substances, and mutations can cause marked decline in the rate of growth (RG). We report that the efficiency of growth (EG), i.e. converting glucose into biomass, responds less profoundly. It remains nearly unaffected for some physical and chemical stresses, but decreases substantially for others, specifically those affecting membrane integrity or ion homeostasis. Mutations (gene deletions) can heavily reduce RG, but much less EG. Moreover, there is no apparent relation between the function of deleted gene and EG. Generally, assays of EG appear as more laborious, less precise, and less informative than those of RG.

8

Vulnerability of sun and shade canopy leaves under natural environmental stresses

86%

Repkova J. , Brestic M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

2007

|

tom 29

|

nr 1 Suppl.

9

Evaluation of canola chlorophyll index and leaf nitrogen under wide range of soil moisture

86%

Meskini-Vishkaee F. , Mohammadi M. H. , Neyshabouri M. R. , Shekari F.

International Agrophysics

|

2015

|

tom 29

|

nr 1

EN

The paper presents a study on the effect of soil matric suction on the variation of leaf chlorophyll index and nitrogen concentration of canola. Results showed that chlorophyll index increases exponentially with soil matric suction, especially at the late season of canola growing time. At moderate matric suction (200 and 300 kPa soil suction heads), chlorophyll index remains nearly constant, but in drier soil (matric suction >300 kPa),chlorophyll index increases gradually with time. Despite the va-riation of the total leaf nitrogen with the soil matric suction, it is similar to the variation of the chlorophyll index, but the results showed that the chlorophyll index – nitrogen concentration curve has a de-marcated bi-modal shape. We suggest that 2.7% of nitrogen and 69.8 of the chlorophyll index value represent the upper limit of the chlorophyll meter reliability for estimation of canola nitrogen under a wide range of soil moisture levels. These results confirm that the chlorophyll meter can be used as an effective tool for rapid and non-destructive estimation of the relative chlorophyll and nitrogen content in canola leaves at a wide range of soil moisture content, except for nearly wilting coefficient or extremely high drought stress.

10

Nitrogen fixation in agriculture: perspectives

86%

Legocki A. B.

Biotechnologia

|

1996

|

nr 1

11

MiR396 involvement in regulation of somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis

72%

Szczygiel-Sommer A. , Gaj M. D.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

|

2013

|

tom 94

|

nr 3

12

Effects of physiological integration and phosphorus on spread of Alternanthera philoxeroides from soil to chromium-contaminated aquatic habitats

72%

Xu L. , Wu X.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2018

|

tom 66

|

nr 4

EN

Aquatic ecosystems are receivers for various pollutants, for instance, Chromium (Cr, one of the toxic heavy metals) and phosphorus (one of the biggest causes of water eutrophication). Such contaminants have brought serious impact on health and security of aquatic ecosystems. Physiological integration between the integrated ramets of clonal plants can increase their tolerance to environmental stress. It is hypothesized that physiological integration and phosphorus could facilitate the expansion of amphibious clonal plants from soil to Cr-polluted aquatic habitats. This study was conducted to primarily examine how physiological integration and phosphorus affected the effects of Cr on plant growth and population expansion. An amphibious clonal herbaceous plant Alternanthera philoxeroides was used to simulate the spread process by induced stolon connection or disconnection, Cr pollution and different levels of phosphorus in aquatic habitats. We found that Cr pollution deployed to apical ramets directly decreased the growth and photosynthetic parameters of the apical ramets that lacked connections to the basal ramets, but these effects could be mitigated by stolon connections. Cr pollution had no effects on these disconnected basal ramets, but the transmission of Cr from the apical parts via connected stolons negatively affected the growth of the basal ramets. Increasing the phosphorus not only increased the growth but also decreased the levels of Cr that accumulated in the plant tissues and the bioactivity of Cr. These results indicated that increasing the phosphorus could benefit the population expansion and establishment of A. philoxeroides through physiological integration from terrestrial to Cr-polluted aquatic habitats.

13

Photosystem II stability in relation to osmotic and antioxidative response in wheat plants subjected to environmental stress

72%

Ferus P. , Repkova J. , Zivcak M. , Olsovska K. , Brestic M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

2007

|

tom 29

|

nr 1 Suppl.

14

Culture of spatial behavior in residential environment

72%

Czyński M.

Przestrzeń i Forma

|

2018

|

tom nr 36

9--22

EN

Multi-family buildings are often crowded, deprived of privacy, and promote excessively frequent and coincidental social interactions. In a more densely developed areas, those problems accumulate and have a strong effect on culture of social interactions. Not only are they associated with various forms of social housing, but also top notch apartments. It indicates that the traditional understanding of architectural quality is insufficient and requires non-standard knowledge of a man and spatial behaviour to analyse behavioural and cultural consequences of various architectural and urban solutions.

PL

Mieszkanie w budynkach wielorodzinnych wiąże się często z poczuciem stłoczenia, brakiem prywatności, z nadmierną częstotliwością i przypadkowością interakcji społecznych. Problemy te kumulują się wraz ze wzrostem intensywności zabudowy i wpływają na kulturę interakcji społecznych. Dotyczą nie tylko form budownictwa socjalnego, ale także tzw. apartamentowego. Wskazuje to, że tradycyjne rozumienie pojęcia jakości architektonicznej jest niewystarczające, że wymaga niestandardowej wiedzy o człowieku i jego zachowaniach przestrzennych pozwalającej na analizę behawioralnych i kulturowych konsekwencji rozwiązań architektonicznych i urbanistycznych.

15

Influence of paclobutrazol on the growth and photosynthesis of Sequoia sempervirens seedlings

72%

Ju S. , Xu D. , Zhan C. , Ji L. , Yin T. , Li Z. , Lu Z.

Journal of Horticultural Research

|

2019

|

tom 27

|

nr 1

16

Oxidative stress responses are regulated by heat shock factor HSFA4A in Arabidopsis

72%

Perez Salamo I. , Papdi C. , Rigo G. , Zsigmond L. , Vilela B. , Pages M. , Nagy I. , Domoki M. , Darula Z. , Koncz C. , Szabados L.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

|

2013

|

tom 94

|

nr 2

17

Metabolomics - Useful Tool for Study of Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses

72%

Kráľová K. , Jampilek J. , Ostrovsky I.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

|

2012

|

tom Vol. 19, nr 2

133-161

EN

Abiotic stresses are produced by inappropriate levels of physical components of the environment and cause plant injury through unique mechanisms that result in specific responses. Metabolomics is a relatively new approach aimed at improved understanding of metabolic networks and the subsequent biochemical composition of plants and other biological organisms. The paper is focused on the use of metabolomics, metabolic profiling and metabolic fingerprinting to study plant responses to some environmental stresses (eg elevated temperature, chilling and freezing, drought, high salinity, UV radiation, high ozone levels, nutrient deficiency, oxidative stress, herbicides and heavy metals). Attention is also devoted to the effects of some environmental factors on plants such as high or low levels of CO2 or different levels of irradiance. Alterations of plants metabolites due to multiple abiotic stresses (drought-heat, drought-salinity, elevated CO2-salinity) are analysed as well. In addition, metabolomic approach to study plant responses to some artificial abiotic stresses, mechanical stress or pulsed electric field-induced stress is discussed. The most important analytical methods applied in metabolomics are presented and perspectives of metabolomics exploitation in the future are outlined, too.

PL

Stres abiotyczny wywołany przez niewłaściwe poziomy fizycznych komponentów środowiska powoduje zmiany w roślinach i poprzez specyficzne mechanizmy prowadzi do określonych odpowiedzi. Metabolomika jest stosunkowo nowym podejściem mającym na celu lepsze zrozumienie szlaków metabolicznych oraz skutków biochemicznych w składzie roślin i innych organizmów biologicznych. Artykuł skupia się na wykorzystaniu metabolomiki, profilowania metabolicznego i „fingerprintingu” metabolicznego do badania reakcji roślin na niektóre stresy środowiskowe (np. podwyższoną temperaturę, chłodzenie i zamrażanie, suszę, wysokie zasolenie, promieniowanie UV, duże stężenie ozonu, niedobór substancji odżywczych, stres oksydacyjny, herbicydy i wpływ metali ciężkich). Zwrócono także uwagę na wpływ niektórych czynników środowiskowych na rośliny, takich jak: wysokie lub niskie poziomy CO2 lub różne poziomy natężenia oświetlenia. Przeanalizowano również zmiany związane z kombinacjami abiotycznych czynników stresujących (susza - upał, susza - zasolenie, podwyższone stężenie CO2 - zasolenie). Omówiono też metabolomiczne podejście do badania reakcji roślin na stresy abiotyczne wywołane niektórymi sztucznymi czynnikami, stresem mechanicznym lub impulsowym polem elektrycznym. Zaprezentowano najważniejsze metody analityczne stosowane w metabolomice oraz nakreślono perspektywy wykorzystania metabolomiki.

18

Mikroorganizmy a stres środowiskowy - czynniki hamujące i stymulujące rozwój bakterii

72%

Sztucki D.

Laboratorium - Przegląd Ogólnopolski

|

2019

|

tom nr 4

29--34

PL

Wszystkie organizmy żywe, a więc wszystkie pojedyncze komórki, posiadają swoje idealne optimum warunków zewnętrznych i wewnętrznych wpływających na ich prawidłowy oraz ukierunkowany rozwój. Manipulując obecnością lub brakiem różnych stresorów chemicznych albo czynników fizycznych, można zaobserwować ciekawe, niekiedy trwałe zmiany w metabolizmie komórek prokariotycznych i eukariotycznych, które mogą przyczynić się do aktywacji mechanizmów obronnych, do których można zaliczyć: formowanie endospor przez bakterie Gram-dodatnie, syntezę trehalozy przez komórki grzybów lub aktywny transport substancji szkodliwych poza komórkę prowadzony przez specjalne transportery błonowe.

EN

All living organisms, and therefore all individual cells, are equipped with their best optimal external and internal conditions affecting their appropriate and targeted development. By manipulating the presence or absence of various chemical stressors or physical agents, interesting, sometimes permanent changes in the metabolism of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells can be observed, which may contribute to the activation of defence mechanisms, including: the formation of endospores by Gram-positive bacteria, the synthesis of trehalose by fungi cells or the active transport of harmful substances out of a cell conducted by special membrane transporters.

19

Secondary metabolites in the response of model Brassicaceae species to Plectosphaerella cucumerina

72%

Kulak K. , Bednarek P.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

|

2013

|

tom 94

|

nr 3

20

Metabolomics - Useful Tool for Study of Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses

72%

Kráľová K. , Jampílek J. , Ostrovský I.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

|

2012

|

tom 19

|

nr 2

133-161

EN

Abiotic stresses are produced by inappropriate levels of physical components of the environment and cause plant injury through unique mechanisms that result in specific responses. Metabolomics is a relatively new approach aimed at improved understanding of metabolic networks and the subsequent biochemical composition of plants and other biological organisms. The paper is focused on the use of metabolomics, metabolic profiling and metabolic fingerprinting to study plant responses to some environmental stresses (eg elevated temperature, chilling and freezing, drought, high salinity, UV radiation, high ozone levels, nutrient deficiency, oxidative stress, herbicides and heavy metals). Attention is also devoted to the effects of some environmental factors on plants such as high or low levels of CO2 or different levels of irradiance. Alterations of plants metabolites due to multiple abiotic stresses (drought-heat, drought-salinity, elevated CO2-salinity) are analysed as well. In addition, metabolomic approach to study plant responses to some artificial abiotic stresses, mechanical stress or pulsed electric field-induced stress is discussed. The most important analytical methods applied in metabolomics are presented and perspectives of metabolomics exploitation in the future are outlined, too.

PL

Stres abiotyczny wywołany przez niewłaściwe poziomy fizycznych komponentów środowiska powoduje zmiany w roślinach i poprzez specyficzne mechanizmy prowadzi do określonych odpowiedzi. Metabolomika jest stosunkowo nowym podejściem mającym na celu lepsze zrozumienie szlaków metabolicznych oraz skutków biochemicznych w składzie roślin i innych organizmów biologicznych. Artykuł skupia się na wykorzystaniu metabolomiki, profilowania metabolicznego i "fingerprintingu" metabolicznego do badania reakcji roślin na niektóre stresy środowiskowe (np. podwyższoną temperaturę, chłodzenie i zamrażanie, suszę, wysokie zasolenie, promieniowanie UV, duże stężenie ozonu, niedobór substancji odżywczych, stres oksydacyjny, herbicydy i wpływ metali ciężkich). Zwrócono także uwagę na wpływ niektórych czynników środowiskowych na rośliny, takich jak: wysokie lub niskie poziomy CO2 lub różne poziomy natężenia oświetlenia. Przeanalizowano również zmiany związane z kombinacjami abiotycznych czynników stresujących (susza - upał, susza - zasolenie, podwyższone stężenie CO2 - zasolenie). Omówiono też metabolomiczne podejście do badania reakcji roślin na stresy abiotyczne wywołane niektórymi sztucznymi czynnikami, stresem mechanicznym lub impulsowym polem elektrycznym. Zaprezentowano najważniejsze metody analityczne stosowane w metabolomice oraz nakreślono perspektywy wykorzystania metabolomiki.