Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

CRAFTSMEN'S PROFESSIONAL DISEASES (Choroby zawodowe rzemieslnikow)

100%

Farge A.

Klio. Czasopismo poświęcone dziejom Polski i powszechnym

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2010

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nr 2(15)

95-114

EN

Using as a basis for the study the manuscripts of the Societe royale de medicine dealing with diseases of craftsmen in the 18th century, it is interesting to pick out in the language of both the doctors and the work inspectors of the time the ambiguous articulations which establish a link between the needs for order in the city, for efficient work and for an enlightened humanism. The style of speech, which begins to take form as early as 1768, already contains all of the elements which underly the dominant 19th-century ideology concerning the worker's body, his mores, his production capacity and what his family life should be. The 18th-century humanist already dreamed of well-lighted work-shops; everything that is opaque was easily blamed on the worker; he must therefore be educated in order to be saved from himself. (The paper was published in 'Annales. Economies, Societes, Civilisation', 32e année, 1977, n. 5, ss. 993–1000, entitled: Les artisans malades de leur travail).

2

The dark side of the economic transformation in Poland: The stress of unemployment

100%

Klonowicz T.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2004

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tom 35

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nr 2

117-124

EN

This paper reports on the impact of employment status, reactivity, and coping on immediate and long-term subjective well-being (SWB) outcomes. Outcomes investigated were subjective health (intensity of somatic symptoms), life satisfaction, and alienation. Three coping strategies were examined: Avoidance coping, Seeking Support, and Job Search. The study relied on a combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. A longitudinal design was used to follow the unemployed participants from approximately 4–6 weeks after layoff to about three months after they stopped receiving unemployment compensation, i.e., for 10 months. Two reference groups included (1) the employed and (2) long-term unemployed (approx. 24 months) participants. In general, employed men reported better subjective health and less alienation than the moderate-term unemployed. Long-term unemployment was damaging for both men and women. Short-term SWB was determined by reactivity and coping. Support was not found for a relationship between reactivity and long-term SWB. Coping strategies were strong predictors of later deterioration of SWB. Post Scriptum -Polish criteria differ from those used in the EU and do not include persons who have not registered in Labor Offices. According to Polish legislation a person is eligible for unemployment compensation for the first six months after a layoff.

3

THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE ROSTOV REGION ON HUMAN HEALTH AND PREVENTION MEANS ECOLOGICAL TOURISM (Russian title below)

100%

Anopchenko T. Y. , Vershinina L. P.

Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky

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2010

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tom 2 (46)

21-27

EN

(Russian title: Negativnoe vliyanie okruzhayuschei sredy rostovskoi oblasti na zdorove cheloveka i ego profilaktika sredstvami ekologicheskogo turizma). The paper considers the negative impact of air pollution and sedentary lifestyles on the health of the population. Authors propose to use ecological tourism in order to minimize, and in some cases to prevent harmful effects of negative environmental factors.

4

The 'moribund' welfare state in the 1990s

100%

Szamuely L.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

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2004

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tom 51

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nr 10

948-969

EN

The paper examines in the light of international statistics the degree of validity in the assertion of today's neo-liberal mainstream that the welfare state is dying and its redistributive role retreating and regressing. It looks into the percentage shares of GDP taken by welfare spending in 29 countries in the period 1980-98 and the tendency in social spending in the 15 EU member-countries in 1991-2000. It examines the increase in the health-spending component of welfare spending in 1991-2001 in the OECD countries, distinguishing within them between publicly and privately financed expenditures. Based on the OECD statistics, the author shows also the trend, in the second half of the 1990s, in the development of publicly and privately financed education spending. The most important conclusion is that there has been no dismantling of the welfare state in the last twenty or the last ten years. The last third of the paper is devoted to examining the likely reasons for this.

5

Oddziaływanie na proces społecznej rehabilitacji pacjentów

100%

Sokolowska M.

Studia Socjologiczne

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2011

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nr 1(200)

117-138

EN

The social life of disabled people is understudied despite the fact that it is a burning social issue. The author concentrates on rehabilitation as a system of institutions (in contrast to the other perspective on rehabilitation that places an individual in the centre of attention and thus treats rehabilitation as a social process). Rehabilitation is defined at a purposeful act. In order for this act to be meaningfully conducted (and analyzed), it is necessary to define (1) the grounds for decision making (2) diagnosis and (3) the criteria for effects evaluation. In the first domain the author advocates the view, that rehabilitation is not only a process of regaining physical health, but also - and perhaps more importantly - a return to society: to family, social and professional life. The dimension of diagnosis is analyzed through the two case studies (research on people after heart attack and after the amputation of one or both legs). Medical factors did not affect the decision to return to work. The social factors - such as type of work, education and age - appeared to be more crucial. In the third dimension the evaluation of the efficiency of rehabilitation is difficult due to a number of uncontrolled intervening factors. The author suggests that the problem can be solved by means of (a) the operationalization of all rehabilitation procedures and (b) defining the rehabilitation goals so that it will allow deriving the criteria for judging the degree of success (or failure) of the process.

6

DISCUSSION ON MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS AT THE COUNTRYSIDE AND A MEDICAL ENLIGHTENMENT AROUND THE YEAR 1800 (O dyskusji wokol instytucji medycznych na obszarach wiejskich oraz o roli 'medycznego oswiecenia' okolo 1800 roku)

100%

Sahmland I.

Klio. Czasopismo poświęcone dziejom Polski i powszechnym

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2010

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nr 2(15)

19-57

EN

During the age of enlightenment it seemed in many respects necessary to keep the population healthy. This meant to focus on the public health service in the sparsely populated countryside. Here, the medical market was divided into two spheres: the academical doctors mainly settling in towns far from the peasantry and also in social differences to them, whereas other healers, surgeries, midwives and all the informal, not authorized persons in all respects were by far more familiar to the villagers. Trying to better things the physicians intended to propose structural improvements (Medizinalwesen) as well as to enlighten the countryman how to stay healthy, but when fallen ill, to call for a doctor. It was the combination of these two operating fields to aim at a better public health standard and in consequence to strengthen the position of the academic medicine within the medical market. Only this way a win-win-situation was possible to achieve: primarily for the people, but then for the doctors as well.

7

Sotsio-ekoloho-ekonomichni problemy vodopostachannia v Ukraini

100%

Matsenko A. M. , Chigrin E. Y. , Taranovsky V. I. , Dolgodush A. I.

Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky

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2011

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tom 4 (54)

264-271

EN

The current problems of water supply in Ukraine are analyzed in the paper. The main attention is paid to the problems of providing the population with quality drinking water. The measures which will promote improving of the socio-economic conditions of water supply, are proposed, as well as the possible ways of compensation the economic damage to the population caused by unsafe drinking water supply, are identified.

8

MEDICINE, ILLNESS AND HEALTH IN THE ENLIGHTENMENT (Medycyna, choroba i zdrowie w wieku oswiecenia)

100%

Juette R.

Klio. Czasopismo poświęcone dziejom Polski i powszechnym

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2010

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nr 2(15)

115-124

EN

The author begins with the vivid discussion between German physicians after the death of Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II and analyses both patients' experiences and the character of medical practices at the end of the 18th century. At that time sick or/and ill people could choose from the vast arsenal of services offered by doctors, healers, surgeons etc. The access to a particular category of 'specialists' depended primarily on patient's wealth. In consequence, patients were cured in their own beds (i.e. in their house) or in the hospital (i.e. a place, where poor, needed people could receive assistance and help). The author points out that the number of therapists (if all categories of them are included) was not so low, as some historians believe. In the article he revises i.e. the wide-spread opinion that physicians in the 18th century achieved a high hierarchical social status and were paid well.

9

LOCATION FACTORS OF PSYCHIATRIC HEALTH CARE FACILITIES (Determinanty lokalizacji placowek opieki psychiatrycznej)

100%

Chudak M.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2012

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nr 1(55)

154-163

EN

One of the negative effects of the dynamic social and economic development is a consistent increase in the number of mental disorder cases, particularly depression, neurosis and schizophrenia. In view of the above, the aim of this paper is to identify and characterise the factors which should govern the location of psychiatric health care facilities. The author also attempts to distinguish between general and specific location prerequisites, and to classify them according to importance, the criterion being people's welfare and not the profitability of undertaking.

10

QUALITY OF LIFE OF CONVICTED DRUG ADDICTS; PRELIMINARY REPORT

100%

Dunaj R. , Kovac D.

Studia Psychologica

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2003

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tom 45

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nr 4

357-359

EN

Within the context of personality measurements, the scales WHOQOL - BREF (WHO, 1997) and ComQol - A5 (Cummins, 1997) were administered to a group of condemned drug addicts (heroin), N = 43, mean age 29 years. According to expectations, a difference of statistical significance appeared in the health indicators. Despite similar objective ratings, the addicts achieved significantly lower scores in subjective indicators of safety, social standing and emotional well-being than a group of controls.

11

VLIV SOCIOEKONOMICKÝCH FAKTORŮ NA DOČASNOU PRACOVNÍ NESCHOPNOST V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE V LETECH 2009 – 2019

100%

Malinová A.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2022

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tom 54

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nr 5

437 – 463

EN

The aim of this article is to answer the weaknesses of official health promotion programs in the Czech Republic and to find groups of people who are more likely to be temporarily incapacitated for work. The analysis of socioeconomic and demographic factors affecting the unequal chances of being temporarily disabled for work in the Czech Republic is based on data from the labour force survey from 2009–2019. The results are further compared with a similar analysis from 2002–2008 and with the results of a sample survey of the level of health in the Czech Republic. The results show that the structure of people on temporary incapacity for work has not changed significantly over time.

12

THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN BANKING (Kapital ludzki w kontekscie funkcjonowania banku)

100%

Grzybowska A.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2012

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nr 1(55)

85-98

EN

Human capital is of crucial importance for the banking sector as it is a key driver of banks' efficiency. Unlike financial and material factors of production, human capital can be enhanced through education and has virtually unlimited growth potential. Investments in human capital can contribute to increased efficiency of the banking sector. Banks should therefore ensure that their employees' knowledge and skills are systematically developed. Employees are an asset in which one needs to invest by providing opportunities for further training. Attention to the needs of personnel, combined with proper management of the human resources function, can help banks to build competitive advantage and to achieve their objectives.

13

VYKONÁVANÁ STAROSTLIVOSŤ O ZDRAVIE A VNÍMANIE RIZIKA V SÚVISLOSTI S NARASTAJÚCIM VEKOM

100%

Hricová M. , Ráczová B.

Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

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2015

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tom 18

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nr 4

-

EN

The aim of this paper is to clarify: the nature of the performed activities related to health care during aging, particularly in middle and later adulthood, and senior age and to clarify the correlation between health care and the perception of risk (harm) factors such as alcohol use, drug or internet use. The sample consists of 302 respondents at the age between 35 and 80 years (M = 58.56, SD = 13.82). For data collection Performed self-care actions (Lovaš, Hricová, 2015) and Risk perception questionnaire (Lovaš, Mésznerová, 2014) are used. It is shown that in the middle adulthood the most frequent strategy is the health care of one´s psychological wellbeing. On the contrary, in the senior age, preferred activities are associated with the health preservation and health problems prevention. Development trend that lies in the decreasing character of performed self-care activities in the area of physical wellbeing and increasing of self-care activities related with health problems is confirmed. The average values of perceived risk suggest that the period of middle age is the most sensitive to the perception of risk. The results showed further that the subjects were more concerned about their physical well-being, body and health and that the more intense substance abuse (alcohol, drugs) was perceived as threatening. Actions performed of self-care to health threats positively correlated with risk taking of soft and hard drugs. Self-care and risk avoidance can be considered a lifelong strategy that could affect the quality of aging.

14

MORTALITY INEQUALITY IN THE EU COUNTRIES (Nierownosc wobec smierci w krajach Unii Europejskiej)

100%

Kuropka I.

Nauki Społeczne

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2011

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nr 1(3)

68-84

EN

The article contains the results of the analysis of EU inhabitants life expectancy differentiation. The main objective of the organization is the quality of life constant improvement and life standard increase of inhabitants of the least developed countries. Among other things the effect of activities in this area should be mortality gap decrease among countries. Mortality level is a result of health state. The article presents the results of synthetic assessment of health state of EU inhabitants. For this particular reason indicators describing two groups of health state were used: life style and health care. It occurred that the worst health state is in the former Soviet Union countries where the life expectancy is relatively short. Life style change seems to be the best solution for the improvement in this area.

15

CANGUILHEMOVE ANALÝZY NORMALITY A VÝZVY PRE FILOZOFIU

88%

Vydra A.

Filozofia (Philosophy)

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2014

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tom 69

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nr 3

212 – 221

EN

The problem of normality is the key topic in the works of Georges Canguilhem. He concerned himself with this theme during his whole academic life: one can find more than one exclusive analysis of the normality in his writings. Canguilhem’s first influential text, namely his dissertation thesis on the normal and the pathological (as well as the appendix from 1966) is confronted by the author with other texts of the French philosopher. The paper shows several levels (biological, social, philosophical) in Canguilhem’s analyses of normality and examines the impact these analyses had on the work of the philosopher. According to Canguilhem, to be healthy means to be able to assume the risk of establishing new norms. It means not only to preserve one’s life, too. The author’s conviction is that philosophy must to decide upon its future: either to sterilize its own existence, or to run the risk of making progress. Consequently, the dramatic situation of philosophy is all over again the one of Achilles’ choice.

16

Oczenka e`konomicheskogo ushherba, obuslovlennogo narusheniem e`kosistemnoj funkczii vody', i puti ego snizheniya

88%

Matsenko A. M. , Tarkhov P. V. , Taranovsky V. I.

Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky

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2010

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tom 4 (48)

41-46

EN

The paper pays attention to the main human ecosystem function of freshwater that is to ensure its drinking water. It is estimated in the paper the economic damages caused by the consumption of unsafe drinking water in Ukraine. Also it is proposed economic and institutional measures to improve the ecosystem functions of fresh water.

17

POPULÁCIA SR A JEJ REGIONÁLNE ODLIŠNOSTI

88%

Knošková M. , Knošková E. , Tulek M. , Lysý J.

Sociálno-zdravotnícke spektrum

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2016

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tom 4

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nr 1

-

EN

Monitoring data which are necessary to the management government on the spatial level of knowledge is not enough. The system of indicators is progressively receiving attributes such as regional disparities, regional polarization, differentiation or asymmetry etc. Regional disparities represent inequalities in socio-economic development of regions. The key role in monitored parameters is represented by health and monitored attributes of healthcare in the context of the situation in the regions. Studied effects tend to have various differences, which vary in intensity level from territorial units. Inequality may be in some certain conditions also a positive factor, especially if it serves as a baseline stimuli of starting the development of the regions. Also applies premise that the unexploited potential of human capital may induce in some places stimulating the emergence of new technologies.

18

HEALTH PROMOTING BEHAVIOR AND SPORT

88%

Fialova L.

Studia Psychologica

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2004

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tom 46

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nr 1

31-35

EN

An analysis of health promoting behaviors in the Czech adult population - sporting (n = 272) and non-sporting (n = 128) - and a comparison with German (n = 400) and Russian (n = 400) adults is presented in this article. In the investigation a questionnaire was employed called 'Sport, Health and Body Concepts in Central and Eastern Europe' which included mostly closed questions requiring answers on a Lickert type scale. Sporting adults were found to be more satisfied with their personal well-being, their health and bodies, they suffer less from psychosomatic difficulties (restless sleep, headache, backache, digestion problems, easily feeling weary) and their attitudes to health were more mature (healthier way of living, more regular visits to the physician, smoking less often, greater care of health, better condition and appearance).

19

WATCHFUL PHYSICIANS'S EYES. MEDICINE IN GDANSK IN THE ENLIGHTENMENT (Lekarzy czujne oczy. Medykalizacja w Gdansku doby oswiecenia)

88%

Szarszewski A.

Klio. Czasopismo poświęcone dziejom Polski i powszechnym

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2010

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nr 2(15)

59-93

EN

In the Enlightenment one of the most important tasks of monarchies (due to the modernization processes) was to control and to improve citizens' physical condition. The process of medicalization (M. Foucault) was one of instruments that rulers used to exercise their power and domination. It was inspired by discussions led by scholars and physicians. Yet, it was highly complicated to implement those mechanisms of rationalization in the city of Gdansk, as the second partition of the Republic of Poland in 1793 meant for it both a transformation and a change of the sovereign. In this period one could observe a vivid discussion between the city council and local physicians (especially those from the Physicians' Society) over the project of medicalization. Nevertheless, it did not succeed because of political situation and a weakness of physicians' milieu in Gdansk. The final effect of the above-mentioned debates was visible in a modernization project proposed by a new governmental centre (since 1793 it was Berlin). It was to intensify the process of medical control by interception of the power by the authorities stronger involved in its modern representation. That local version of modernization seemed to be a very flexible version of the broader vision, and one of the most innovative in a whole Europe. In Gdansk were established basic elements of the process of medicalization: modernization of hospitals, medical control of poverty, surgeons' professionalisation, elements of the population policy (Entbindungs-Lehranstalt von Westpreussen). The example of Gdansk illustrates the fact, that society must consent to the medical control.

20

Self-esteem and social support in the occupational stress-subjective health relationship among medical professionals

88%

Ostrowski T. M.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2009

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tom 40

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nr 1

13-19

EN

The starting point for the presented study was the concept by House who construed social support as buffering the impact of work-related stress on health. Self-esteem was taken under consideration as the other potential stress buffer. It was hypothesized that both social support and self-esteem would have a salutogenic effect, since they attenuate the experience of occupational stress and reduce health problems associated with the experienced job stress. Participants in the study were 361 medical professionals representing various specialties. They were examined using the Subjective Job Evaluation Questionnaire by Dudek et al., the Mood and Health State Questionnaire by Rzesa, the Self-Esteem Scale by M. Rosenberg and Significant Other Scale by Power et al. The higher was the respondents' occupational stress, the poorer was their subjective physical health. Such components of occupational stress as responsibility, psychological strain due to job complexity, lack of rewards at work, and a sense of threat were found to be most important in this respect. These four components of occupational stress were interrelated and constituted a feedback loop. The study confirmed a salutogenic role of self-esteem, contributing to subjective health improvement. Satisfaction with social support had also a positive role, since it reduced the amount of experienced job stress, thus exerting a health-promoting effect. There was a direct negative feedback loop between self-esteem and somatic health problems. Irrespective of that, satisfaction with social support was found to interact with perceived occupational stress in a negative feedback loop. However, neither of these two factors, i.e. self-esteem and social support, had an effect of buffering the impact of occupational stress on health. This suggests that the initial model proposed by House as well as the present author's earlier research findings obtained from a smaller sample should be revised.