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EN
This paper proposes a design procedure for observer-based controllers of discrete-time switched systems, in the presence of state’s time-delay, nonlinear terms, arbitrary switching signals, and affine parametric uncertainties. The proposed switched observer and the state-feedback controller are designed simultaneously using a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).The stability analysis is performed based on an appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional with one switched expression, and in the meantime, the sufficient conditions for observer-based stabilization are developed. These conditions are formulated in the form of a feasibility test of a proposed bilinear matrix inequality (BMI) which is a non-convex problem. To make the problem easy to solve, the BMI is transformed into a set of LMIs using the singular value decomposition of output matrices. An important advantage of the proposed method is that the established sufficient conditions depend only on the upper bound of uncertain parameters. Furthermore, in the proposed method, an admissible upper bound for unknown nonlinear terms of the switched system may be calculated using a simple search algorithm. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed controller and the validity of the theoretical results are illustrated through a simulation example.
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A simple robust cheap LQG control is considered for discrete-time systems with constant input delay. It is well known that the full loop transfer recovery (LTR) effect measured by error function ∆(z) can only be obtained for minimum-phase (MPH) systems without time-de-lay. Explicit analytical expressions for ∆(z) versus delay d are derived for both MPH and NMPH (nonminimum-phase) systems. Obviously, introducing delay deteriorates the LTR effect. In this context the ARMAX system as a simple example of noise-correlated system is examined. The robustness of LQG/LTR control is analyzed and compared with state prediction control whose robust stability is formulated via LMI. Also, the robustness with respect to uncertain time-delay is considered including the control systems which are unstable in open-loop. An analysis of LQG/LTR problem for noise-correlated systems, particularly for ARMAX system, is included and the case of proper systems is analyzed. Computer simulations of second-order systems with constant time-delay are given to illustrate the performance and recovery error for considered systems and controllers.
EN
The paper deals with the problem of algebraic observability for linear differential-algebraic systems with delay. For such systems, we present the observability matrix. By algebraic properties of the matrix we define some concepts of observability. We give necessary and sufficient conditions of these algebraic observabilities. We prove relations between these types of observabilities along with spectral observability. Practical verifiability of the conditions is demonstrated on several examples.
EN
In this paper, we analyse the local stability of a gene-regulatory network and immunotherapy for cancer modelled as nonlinear time-delay systems. A numerically generated kernel, using the sum-of-squares decomposition of multivariate polynomials, is used in the construction of an appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional for stability analysis of the networks around an equilibrium point. This analysis translates to verifying equivalent LMI conditions. A delay-independent asymptotic stability of a second-order model of a gene regulatory network, taking into consideration multiple commensurate delays, is established. In the case of cancer immunotherapy, a predator-prey type model is adopted to describe the dynamics with cancer cells and immune cells contributing to the predator-prey population, respectively. A delay-dependent asymptotic stability of the cancer-free equilibrium point is proved. Apart from the system and control point of view, in the case of gene-regulatory networks such stability analysis of dynamics aids mimicking gene networks synthetically using integrated circuits like neurochips learnt from biological neural networks, and in the case of cancer immunotherapy it helps determine the long-term outcome of therapy and thus aids oncologists in deciding upon the right approach.
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In this paper we investigate observability of small solutions of linear differential-algebraic systems with delays (DAD), i.e. solutions that vanish after some finite time. In particular, we prove existence of two kinds of small solutions of DAD systems. The main result are the rank type conditions for observability of three kinds of small solutions of linear differential-algebraic systems with delay.
EN
In this paper, the robust H∞ control problem is considered for uncertain neutral systems with discrete and distributed tirne delays. Some sumcient conditions on H∞, robust performance analysis are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) by using a descriptor model transformation of the system and by applying Park's inequality for bounding cross terms. Based on these conditions the state-feedback H∞ controller is designed. Numerical examples are included to illustrate the proposed method.
EN
The stability analysis for discrete-time fractional linear systems with delays is presented. The state-space model with a time shift in the difference is considered. Necessary and sufficient conditions for practical stability and for asymptotic stability have been established. The systems with only one matrix occurring in the state equation at a delayed moment have been also considered. In this case analytical conditions for asymptotic stability have been given. Moreover parametric descriptions of the boundary of practical stability and asymptotic stability regions have been presented.
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Content available remote On the stability of neutral-type uncertain systems with multiple time delays
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EN
The problems of both single and multiple delays for neutral-type uncertain systems are considered. First, for single neutral time delay systems, based on a Razumikhin-type theorem, some delay-dependent stability criteria are derived in terms of the Lyapunov equation for various classes of model transformation and decomposition techniques. Second, robust control for neutral systems with multiple time delays is considered. Finally, we demonstrate numerical examples to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. Compared with results existing in the literature, our methods are shown to be superior to them.
EN
We present a step by step introduction to the notion of time-delay in classical and quantum mechanics, with the aim of clarifying its foundation at a conceptual level. In doing so, we motivate the introduction of the concepts of “fuzzy” and “free-flight” sojourn times that we use to provide the most general possible definition for the quantum time-delay, valid for simple and multichannel scattering systems, with or without conditions on the observation of the scattering particle, and for incoming wave packets whose energy can be smeared out or sharply peaked (fixed energy). We conclude our conceptual analysis by presenting what we think is the right interpretation of the concepts of sojourn and delay times in quantum mechanics, explaining why, in ultimate analysis, they should not be called “times.”
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Content available remote Design of the state predictive model following control system with time-delay
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EN
Time-delay systems exist in many engineering fields such as transportation systems, communication systems, process engineering and, more recently, networked control systems. It usually results in unsatisfactory performance and is frequently a source of instability, so the control of time-delay systems is practically important. In this paper, a design of the state predictive model following control system (PMFCS) with time-delay is discussed. The bounded property of the internal states for the control is given, and the utility of this control design is guaranteed. Finally, examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and state predictive control techniques are applied to congestion control synthesis problems for a TCP/AQM network.
EN
To analyze the variation rule of the critical instability time-delay of the semi-active ISD suspension, a general solution was proposed and applied into two three-element-structure ISD suspensions. The dynamical response and the performance of the semi-active ISD suspension in various time-delays indicated that different structures had different suspension performance. The time-delay deteriorated the performance of all of the suspensions which were analyzed. The stability of the semi-active ISD suspension would seriously weaken with the critical time-delay. This paper provided a general solution for parameters selection in semi-active ISD suspension design to avoid the negative effect of the time-delay.
PL
W artykule zaproponowano dyskretny układ sterowania prędkością nadawania danych przez wiele źródeł pracujących w szybkiej, połączeniowej sieci telekomunikacyjnej. Przedstawiony układ wykorzystuje regulator typu dead-bit oraz predyktor Smitha. Zaproponowane rozwiązanie zapewnia pełne wykorzystanie łącza i jednocześnie eliminuje niebezpieczeństwo przepełnienia bufora węzła stanowiącego wąskie gardło sieci.
EN
In this paper a discrete time flow control algorithm for fast, multisource, connection oriented commnication networks has been proposed. The algorithm combines Smith predictor with a conventional dead-bit controller. It has been proved that the algorithm assures full link utilisation and quarantees no packet loss in the controlled connections
EN
The paper discusses the applicability of the generalized Padé approximation to stability analysis of systems with time delays, which proves to be inapplicable. As the result of the approximation, the stability margin of the resulting fractional-order closed-loop system is strongly dependent on the order of the fractional-order approximation, leading to inaccuracies.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono dyskusję możliwości zastosowania uogólnionej aproksymacji Padégo w analizie stabilności układów regulacji zawierających opóźnienia transportowe, w wyniku czego stwierdzono niecelowość stosowalności metody. Na skutek aproksymacji, zapas stabilności otrzymanego zamkniętego układu ułamkowego rzędu silnie zależy od ułamkowego rzędu transmitancji aproksymującej opóźnienie, co prowadzi do niedokładności.
EN
The main aim of the paper is to present the stability analysis of a fractional-order PI controller with firstorder, time-delayed plant based on Bode plot. In the paper there is a comparison, presented between the tuning method based on Hermite-Biehler and Pontryagin theorems with, and without taking the gain and phase margins into consideration. The quality performance is based on two quality indices, namely the Integral of Absolute Error and the Integral of a Squared Error.
PL
Głównym celem artykułu jest analiza stabilności obiektu pierwszego rzędu z opóźnieniem oraz regulatora PI rzędu ułamkowego na podstawie charakterystyk Bode'go. W pracy zaprezentowano porównanie metod strojenia opartych na teoriach Hermite-Biehler'a i Pontryagin'a gdy zapas modułu oraz fazy są brane pod uwagę oraz gdy nie są brane pod uwagę. Jakość śledzenia jest oparta na dwóch wskaźnikach jakości całki z wartości bezwzględniej uchybu (IAE) oraz całki z kwadratu uchybu (ISE).
EN
In the paper the problems of controllability, reachability and minimum energy control of a fractional discrete-time linear system with delays in state are addressed. A general form of solution of the state equation of the system is given and necessary and sufficient conditions for controllability, reachability and minimum energy control are established. The problems are considered for systems with unbounded and bounded inputs. The considerations are illustrated by numerical examples. Influence of a value of the fractional order on an optimal value of the performance index of the minimum energy control is examined on an example.
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Content available remote Robust stability of positive discrete-time interval systems with time-delays
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EN
Necessary and sufficient conditions for robust stability of the positive discrete-time interval system with time-delays are established. It is shown that this system is robustly stable if and only if one well defined positive discrete-time system with time-delays is asymptotically stable. The considerations are illustrated by numerical example.
EN
Oil and gas projects differ from regular investment projects in that they are frequently large-scale, categorised as vital national projects, highly technological, and associated with significant risks. Drilling rigs are a crucial component of the oil and gas sector and the majority of the systems and equipment aboard drilling rigs are operated automatically. Consequently, it is crucial to address the topic of an advanced control theory for off-shore systems. Network technology connected to control is progressively being used to replace outdated technologies, together with other contemporary technologies. In this study, we examine how to adapt a networked control jacking system to the effects of internal and external disturbances with a time delay, using a Fuzzy controller (FC)-based particle swarm optimisation. To demonstrate the benefit of the proposed approach, the developed Fuzzy Particle Swarm Optimisation (FPSO) controller is compared with the fuzzy controller. Finally, the results from simulations and experiments utilising Matlab software and embedded systems demonstrate the suitability of the proposed approach.
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