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2012
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nr 1
149-161
EN
The text is a review of an academic handbook, the fourth in the series, which is an attempt to further expose the faces of (not only) Polish pedagogy. The handbook contains seventeen chapters devoted to the various trends in pedagogy, which, speaking after B. Śliwerski, are in "ongoing dispute with each other about their place in the center", and as a result such a sort of "pluralism centers" are created that even during the "unclear discourse" they after all, do not lose the universality of the task, which is the better human and his/her world. Due to its contents, this book, written in cooperation, can be a highly recommendable and reliable source of knowledge about education and its next development prospects.
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nr 2(12)
251-256
EN
The author expresses her hopes that translations and promotion of Polish literature will initiate certain turn to openness and dialogue within Bulgarian community. It was lost during the period of the so-called ‘real socialism’.
3
100%
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tom 5
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nr 1
407-411
EN
The author of the article made an attempt to analyze the political culture of Soviet youth of the late twentieth century and associate the same with the phenomenon of the political culture of modern Ukrainian youth
4
88%
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nr 1
63-78
EN
The phenomenon of media pluralism and content diversity has been unceasingly a central issue of the European policy making. Media pluralism is usually linked to the democratic perform- ances of society. The concept of pluralism can be defined both in terms of its function and in terms of its objective. Concerning television, media pluralism can be assessed through the number and types of channels, the number and structure of their owners, the editorial content of the broadcasts, and the access of different societal groups to the programming. Th e text investigates how well the traditional television system with its main social pillars, such as plurality and diversity, fits into the newly devel- oped digitized media environment.
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2018
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nr 1(119)
11-28
EN
The article aims to present and critically analyze one of the currents of thought within the framework of deliberative democracy. The main dispute that we identify in the framework of this theory is the dispute between the impartialist and pluralistic approach. The role of reason towards the phenomenon of pluralism is the subject of these discussions. The impartialists base their arguments above all on the idea of public reason, while pluralists deny its value to other values. It can therefore be concluded that this dispute consists in opposing the rationality of pluralism to the pluralism of rationality. In addition to analyzing the arguments of the pluralist approach, we also focus on the criticism of the impartialism that these positions have put forward. The article distinguishes three possible forms of pluralism: rationality of pluralism, plurality of rationality prima facie and plurality of rationality sensu proprio. This allows us to show the relationship between impartialism (rationality of pluralism) and pluralism (plurality of rationalities prima facie) and the plurality of pluralism proposed by the critics of impartiality (plurality of rationalities prima facie) with a specific form of pluralism (plurality of rationality sensu proprio). In addition, in the article we identify the directives which pluralists propose to take place of public reason. The pluralistic approach which we analyze in the text is presented by such authors as: Iris Marion Young, Seyla Benhabib, Chantal Mouffe, Amy Gutmann and Dennis Thompson. The impartialist tradition should be associated with John Rawles and his interpreters and critics such as Joshua Cohen and Brian Barry.
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nr 3
361-383
EN
The political theory of Carl Schmitt is currently experiencing a renaissance in its reception. In this paper, I propose to distinguish between the normative and descriptive elements of Schmitt’s notion of the state. While being a strong advocate of the principle of political unity emerging from a concrete social antagonism, Schmitt was, at the same time, a decided critic of the current form of liberal Rechtsstaat. He actually subordinated the notion of state to the notion of the political. If we may call him an étatist, then it is only if we have in mind a narrow concept of the state which is related to the concept of the political. Only such a state can play the integrative role in a differentiated society and become the basis of social legitimacy “from below”.
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tom 10
49-60
EN
Prayer constituted a core element of character and patriotic formation at the outset of the American public education system in the colonial period. Over the years, however, the status of this religious practice has undergone a significant transformation, including a complete ban on school prayer. The article discusses the factors that have had a decisive impact on the status of school prayer, including increasing religious diversity of the American population as well as tensions between dominant and minority religions and non-religion. Both old controversies over state-sponsored and school-run prayer as well as more recent ones surrounding graduation prayer and prayer before sports games will be discussed in more detail on the basis of landmark Supreme Court and lower court cases as well as government regulations, including presidential guidelines and other administrative documents.
8
88%
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2011
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tom 13
6-18
EN
The paper deals with the formation of a new national identity in Belarus under conditions of post-Soviet transformation. Under the term of "national identity" the author means the identity of the population of the Republic of Belarus that will be adequate to its status of a newly independent state acquired after 1991. Special attention is paid to the existing major research approaches to the problem of constructing this national identity. According to the author's view, both major approaches are inadequate; the author puts forward a new (third) approach that goes beyond discussions on language and national culture, and corresponds to the concept of plurality of identities. The author describes some paradoxes of national identity based on the opposition of "nation" and "people". These correspond to the Western model of the "creation of modern nations", which is not fully applicable to post-Soviet Belarus. All attempts to apply this model to contemporary Belarus lead scholars to several "cultural paradoxes" that can, however, be explained within a new approach.
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nr 54
EN
Professional ethics of teachers is one of the most important areas of interest of pedeutology. Not only traditions of that profession, but also the contemporary challenges facing it seem to be indicative of it. In the considerations presented, professional ethics of teachers is shown from two perspectives, i.e. the universal and the pluralistic ones. Each of these perspectives is characterized by diverse understanding of professional ethics of teachers and, in particular, its nature. Generally speaking, the first of these perspectives can come down to the establishment of professional ethics of teachers in the form of a code, while the other moves away from such a strictly code-orientated perception of ethics. Certainly, this does not mean a rejection of any ethical stipulations characteristic of teacher circles, but rather adopting a position according to which such exclusive and only correct stipulations do not exist, but there are a lot of them, which one should bear in mind characterizing the ethical aspects of the teaching profession.
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2016
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nr 13
201-223
EN
The article offers a two-dimensional analysis of the discussion forums on Polish news and information websites, as a public space of political discourse. The author employed statistical analysis for quality variables and interpretation of narrative patterns. The primary aim of the study was to determine the nature of debate in the area under consideration, in the context of exacerbated political dispute. The obtained results were compared with previous findings of this author.
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tom 51
EN
The aim of the article is presentation of two concepts of human individuality which have arisen in modern Polish philosophy of Mieczysław Gogacz and Stanisław Judycki. It is an attempt to look at the problem from two different philosophical perspectives: Thomistic metaphysics and phenomenological epistemology. Metaphysical approach is searching for an answer to the question about human individuality in their ontic structure, whereas phenomenological approach focuses on the analysis of a direct experience. As reason of individuality, Gogacz indicates potential intellect (passive) subjected in a substantial form (soul). Judycki maintains that this reason is the concept of God, according to whom He creates a soul of every human being as radically different from all other human souls, unique. Presented theories develop from a different way of understanding a human being. Gogacz’s theory has a substantial character, refers to the concept of a human of Aristotle, Boethius and St. Thomas Aquinas. Judycki’s concept is a relational approach, modified by elements of substantialist philosophy. He refers to relational approach of Plato, Saint Augustine and Descartes as well as substantialist theories of Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas. Thomistic and phenomenological approaches to individuality introduce fundamentally different and essential substance to philosophy concerning human beings.
EN
The inquiry aims at indicating that the interpretation of Polish experience of multiculturalism performed by John Paul II may become an inspiration for intercultural education and comparative pedagogy of religion. This can occur mainly because the issue of particularity and universality, which is considered significant for research into intercultural education, is present in the interpretation of Polish experience of multiculturalism carried out by John Paul II. He combined Polish experience of multiculturalism with his own personal experience which shaped his identity as well as with moral experience and experiencing the Christian faith. For those who share axiological convictions promoted by John Paul II, his interpretation of Polish experience of multiculturalism has become crucial. They can see significant merits of the papal interpretation of the Polish ethos. If this interpretation is granted rightness, it acquires the qualities of an intellectually and morally important point of reference for the axiological and educational sense of Polish experience of multiculturalism. The issues of intercultural education and comparative pedagogy of religion were frequently undertaken by John Paul II. In his book Pamięć i tożsamość. Rozmowy na przełomie tysiącleci /Memory and Identity: Conversations at the Dawn of a Millennium/, in which John Paul II recapitulates his philosophical and theological considerations on culture, his convictions concerning Polish experience of multiculturalisms are also expressed: ‘Polishness is in fact multitude and pluralism, not narrowness and confinement. It seems, however, that this »Jagiellonian« dimension of Polishness [...] ceased to be, unfortunately, something obvious in our times’74. What is essential for intercultural education is the recognition that Polishness is marked by ‘multitude and pluralism, not narrowness and confinement’, because in this way axiological principles of shaping beliefs and attitudes in interpersonal relations are created in the complex situation of multiculturalism.
EN
John Rawls is one of the most important contemporary political philosophers. His monumental work aims to provide a reasoned and reasonable response to the issue of justice, assuming a critical perspective and taking away from metaphysical to introduce their reflections in the public sphere. However, his proposal has been criticized mainly by an apparent contradiction between the aim pursued by Rawls and the effects produced by implementing partners’ postulates tolerance. Therefore, Rawls’s proposal is insufficient to develop tolerance in the context of a complex and fragmented society.
ES
John Rawls es uno de los más importantes filósofos políticos contemporáneos. Su monumental obra pretende dar una respuesta razonada y razonable frente al tema de la justicia, asumiendo una perspectiva crítica y tomando distancia de consideraciones metafísicas para introducir sus reflexiones en la esfera de lo público (la política). Sin embargo, su propuesta, ha sido objeto de crítica principalmente por una aparente contradicción entre el fin perseguido por Rawls y los efectos que se producen al implementar los postulados asociados a la tolerancia. Por lo mismo, la propuesta de Rawls resulta insuficiente para desarrollar la tolerancia en el marco de una sociedad compleja y atomizada.
PL
Tytuł i abstrakt w języku oryginalnym artykułu
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2016
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tom 20
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nr 4(45)
137-154
DE
Der RU in der öffentliche Schule wird vorgeworfen, zu wenig religiöses Wissen zu vermitteln. Diesem Vorwurf kann angemessen nur begegnet werden, wenn die Pluralität verschiedener Zugänge der Jugendlichen zur Religion und zum Glauben berücksichtigt wird. Weil aber neben religiösen und kulturellen Aspekten auch gesellschaftliche und soziale Momente wichtig sind, wäre das Pluralismusparadigma der Religionspädagogik weiterzuentwickeln zu einem Heterogenitätsparadigma.
EN
Religious education as a subject in school is increasingly criticized for neglecting its duty to impart religious knowledge to the youngsters. Religious education can only deal with this critic by referring to the increasing pluralization in religion and belief. But due to the importance of social and economical structures beside cultural and religious aspects religious education might develop a paradigm of heterogeneity.
17
Content available remote Pragmatizmus je environmentalizmus
75%
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nr 6
845-860
EN
This article presents the contemporary conception of “environmental pragmatism” as an alternative strategy, still little known in the Czech context, for the solution of the problem of the relation between nature and culture. The point of departure for this conception are the ideas of the classical pragmatists, especially the naturalism and ethics of John Dewey. This philosophy bears within it an immanent environmental direction and it issues in the “Third Way” in the ecological movement, finding a path between anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism; between individualism and holism; between instrumentalism and immanentism; between exploitation and preservation; between the dualisms of value and fact, aims and means, conservation and growth, and so on.
18
Content available A Positive Side to Apophaticism: Prolegomena
75%
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nr 3
465-482
EN
The article synthetically presents positive aspects of apophaticism. It discusses its apologetic role, its importance in defending against magical thinking, its focus on experience, its openness to pluralism, and its inspirational role for a variety of disciplines in delimiting their cognitive boundaries. Some of the most important conclusions are: a) apophaticism played an important role in the early days of Christianity in polemics against both pagan cults and magical tendencies; b) already in ancient Greece apophaticism influenced the search not only for symbolic interpretations of Homer’s poems but also for religious experience; c) the limits of cognition discovered by theology are becoming a contemporary experience of other sciences (mathematics, physics).
EN
The operations of the Department of Museums and Monuments of Polish Martyrology were launched in April 1945 as an organizational unit within the Head Authorities of Museums and Monument Preservation active within the structure of the Ministry of Culture and Art. The Department’s supreme goal was to document and visually commemorate sites connected with the martyrdom of Poles under the German occupation in 1939–45 by founding museums and raising monuments on execution sites throughout the whole country. The establishment of such an institution was a response of the government to the spontaneous social movement whose goal following the tragic war experience was to commemorate all the fallen in armed struggle and the executed in the Nazi death camps. The social initiatives inspired the authorities to coordinate such efforts, to identify the priorities in this respect, and to select various commemoration forms. These tasks, along with many other ones, were to be implemented by the Department of Museums and Monuments of Polish Martyrology. The paper deals with the characteristics of the Department’s activities, its organizational structure, as well as the detailed aims and tasks implemented over the 9 years of its operations: from the establishment in 1945 to its winding up in 1954. All the Department’s activities meant to commemorate martyrology sites can be divided into those related to the organization and establishment of museums on the sites of former camps, prisons, and Gestapo investigating offices (e.g. museums in Auschwitz, Majdanek, at Warsaw’s 25 Szucha Avenue), and those related to raising monuments to the Nazi regime’s victims. Furthermore, forms meant to continue the efforts initiated by the Department since 1954 are described. The paper is to a great degree based on the documentation preserved in the Central Archives of Modern Records, yet constitutes but an introductory outline as well as encouragement to further investigate the Department’s history.
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