Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Phosphorus containing dendrimers : chemistry on the surface and within the cascade structure

100%

Majoral J.-P. , Caminade A.-M. , Laurent R.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Chemistry

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1998

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tom Vol. 46, No. 3

319-329

EN

Synthesis and chemistry on the surface and in the internal layers of phosphorus containing dendrimers are reported.

2

The bottom sediments of Lake Uzarzewskie – a phosphorus source or sink?

80%

Kowalczewska-Madura K. , Gołdyn R. , Dondajewska R.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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tom Vol. 39, No.3

81-91

EN

Phosphorus release from bottom sediments studied in two zones of Lake Uzarzewskie differing in depth and water oxygenation displayed seasonal and spatial variability. The experiments indicated that the lake receives considerable internal loading, especially from the deeper, anaerobic, rarely-mixed part of the lake. Meanwhile, the shallow zone situated in the 0-3 m depth range, could be a sink for phosphorus during spring and a source during other seasons of the year. The total loading of phosphorus from the bottom sediments was over 950 kg year^-1 P, and 83% of this amount originated from the deeper part of the lake. The mean release from this part was 24.89 mg m^-2 d^-1 P and the maximum in fall was 35.4 mg m^-2 d^-1 P.

3

The variability in concentrations of chosen nitrogen and phosphorus forms in the Oder River estuary in 1999-2002

80%

Tórz A. , Nędzarek A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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tom Vol. 39, No.3

113-120

EN

The Oder River creates one of the largest estuaries in Poland. The estuary can be divided into three zones, each with a different hydrochemical regime: the Pomeranian Bay (salt water habitat), the Szczecin Lagoon (brackish water habitat), the Oder River up to the Widuchowa section (transitional environment – brackish and typical freshwater). The Pomeranian Bay was characterized by the lowest concentration of nutrients throughout the research series in comparison to the other regions. It had a low nitrogen to phosphorus proportion and the highest stability of variability in total nitrogen concentration. The Szczecin Lagoon was characterized by a higher concentration of nutrient loads in comparison to the Pomeranian Bay, by a lower nitrogen and phosphorus proportion than the Oder waters, and by the high stability of variability of concentrations of mineral nitrogen and total nitrogen. As the "nutrient trap" for the Oder estuarine system, the Oder River, with its highest nutrient concentration, is characterized by the highest stability of variability of total nitrogen concentration.

4

Internal phosphorus loading in selected lakes of the Cybina River valley

80%

Kowalczewska-Madura K. , Dondajewska R. , Gołdyn R.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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tom Vol. 39, No.3

35-45

EN

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of bottom sediments to release or accumulate phosphorus. Ex situ experiments with the use of undisturbed sediment cores were done in 11 lakes situated in the Cybina River valley (Wielkopolska, Poland). Phosphorus release was observed both in aerobic and anaerobic conditions, however greater values were noted in the latter ones. Maximum values reached 41.4 mg m^-2 d^-1 P and 12.2 mg m^-2 d^-1 P in anaerobic and aerobic conditions, respectively.

5

The efficiency of filtration materials (Polonite® and Leca®) supporting phosphorus removal in on site treatment systems with wastewater infiltration

80%

Karczmarczyk A. , Woja K. , Bliska P. , Baryła A. , Bus A.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2017

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tom nr IV/1

1401--1413

EN

The most of the on site wastewater treatment systems in Poland discharges treated effluent to the soil. The goal of phosphorus (P) reduction from dispersed sources of pollution can be achieved by application of P reactive materials in the construction of wastewater infiltration systems. Two P reactive materials were tested in this study: Polonite® in grains of 2÷6 mm and lightweight aggregate Leca® in grains of 4÷10 mm. Apparent P sorption capacity was assesed on 40.9 mg·g-1 (Polonite®) and 5.1 mg·g-1 (Leca®). Both materials sorbed P-PO4 very fast, after 15 min over 90% of P was removed from solution and wastwater. Wastewater used in this study came from the outlet from the septic tank of on site septic system. P-PO4 solution was prepared from KH2 PO4 and the tap water. In the small column experiment, four collumns (2 filled with Polonite® and 2 filled with Leca®) were fed with wastewater and P-PO4 solution in hydraulic loadings of 30÷40 dm3 ·m-2·d-1. All the columns removed significant amounts of P from both solution and wastewater with the reduction between 28.3% and 72.5%. The mean P-PO4 effluent concentrations ranged from 1.21 mg·dm-3 to 7.12 mg·dm-3. The best overall performance was achieved by the Polonite® fed with solution. Both tested materials can support wastewater treatment in on site systems.

6

Seasonal changes of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in Supraśl River

80%

Skorbiłowicz M. , Ofman P.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2014

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tom Vol. 15, nr 1

26--31

EN

The purpose of the study was to determine seasonal changes of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphate and total phosphorus in the years 2003–2009 in the river Supraśl. For this purpose a monitoring network was created with selected three control points on the basis of which the assessment was made. Control points were located near Gródek, Nowodworce and Dzikie. The research results were averaged for each month. On this basis the assessment of seasonal changes of nitrogen and phosphorus forms in the river Supraśl has been carried out. Research and analysis showed that the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in waters of Supraśl were characterized by a clear seasonal variation, the highest concentration of nitrogen was observed in January and February and the lowest in June in each of the analyzed points, the course of changes in the concentration of nitric and total nitrogen in March were different from the general course of reigning changes in their concentrations in surface waters.

7

Bottom Deposits of Stratified, Seepage, Urban Lake (On the Example of Tyrsko Lake, Poland) as a Factor Potentially Shaping Lake Water Quality

80%

Augustyniak R. , Neugebauer M. , Kowalska J. , Szymański D. , Wiśniewski G. , Filipkowska Z. , Grochowska J. , Łopata M. , Parszuto K. , Tandyrak R.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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tom Vol. 18, nr 5

55--62

EN

The object of the study was Tyrsko Lake (area 18.6 ha, max. depth 30.4 m), located in the western part of Olsztyn (Olsztyn Lakeland). This lake is one of the clear water lakes in Olsztyn, but the progressive deterioration of water quality has been observed during recent years. The phosphorus concentration in the water-sediment interface, phosphorus fractions quantity and the amount of components which can bind this element was investigated in the upper (0–5 cm) layer of deposits. The aim of study was to analyze the potential influence of bottom sediment on the lake water quality. The obtained results revealed that the bottom sediment of Tyrsko Lake can be classified as mixed, silica-organic type, with a relatively high content of iron (over 4% Fe in d.w.). The total phosphorus content was ca. 3.5 mg P g,-1 d.w. on average. Phosphorus in the bottom sediment was bound mainly with organic matter (NaOH-nrP fraction), which had over 50% share in TP. Highly mobile fractions (NH4-Cl-P and BD-P) together only included ca. 5% to 7% TP. The obtained results show that the bottom sediment of Tyrsko Lake can bind phosphorus quite effectively. The calculated internal mineral phosphorus loading during summer stagnation period was 10.9 kg and it was lower that the assessed annual external phosphorus load (22.6 kg). The assessed annual phosphorus loading from both sources was still lower than the critical load according to Vollenweider criteria. However, due to the fact that the internal loading phenomenon is occurring in the lake, it should be taken into consideration that the lake water quality can deteriorate gradually during the longer time perspective. These findings should be accounted for in the future if the potential protection and restoration procedures will be developed.

8

Phosphorus losses in VPO catalysts

80%

Stoch J. , Stoch A. , Mikołajczyk M. , Brożek A.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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1998

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tom Vol. 72, nr 12

2606-2609

EN

During oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride on VPO catalysts phosphorus is carried out from the catalyst by gas phase. The transport medium is likely an organic compound of phosphorus. An active role of phosphorus in the n-butane transformation is suggested.

9

Spatial Diversity Characterising Certain Chemical Substances in Sediments of Besko Reservoir

80%

Piwińska D. , Gruca-Rokosz R. , Bartoszek L. , Czarnota J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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tom Vol. 19, nr 1

104--112

EN

The article reports the conducted analyses of certain chemical parameters characterising the sediments of Poland’s Besko Reservoir. Specifically, determinations concerned the pH value, percentage organic matter (OM), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), carbonates (CO32-), total phosphorus (TP) and its fractions, as well as heavy metals (Fe, Al, Cr, Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Mn). The sediments have a slight alkaline reaction, with pH values correlating positively with the high content of carbonates. The sediments have low organic matter content, while organic carbon accounts for about 30% of OM. The values for the C:N ratio point to an allochthonous origin for organic matter. The analysis of phosphorus fractionation showed that inorganic phosphorus (IP) is predominant at every research station. The lowest percentage for a fraction was in turn obtained for NAIP. This testifies to a slight anthropogenic impact of the catchment area. The sediments can be classified as of the 2nd purity class (according to PIG), due to their highest concentration of chromium. According to Müller’s classification, the sediments can be classified as purity class 3 (i.e. with moderate contamination). The values noted for the EF coefficient confirm a very strong enrichment by chromium ions. In addition, chromium, copper, nickel and cadmium have a negative effect on aquatic organisms. The results show that the sediments can be used for example in building and maintaining hydraulic structures.

10

Badania nad odzyskaniem fosforu z osadów z oczyszczania ścieków

80%

Wzorek Z. , Kowalski Z. , Jodko M. , Gorazda K. , Śląska A.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2003

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tom T. 82, nr 8-9

1066-1068

11

Internal phosphorus loading from bottom sediments of a shallow preliminary reservoir

80%

Dondajewska R.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2008

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tom Vol. 37, No.2

89-97

EN

The aim of the studies done in a shallow preliminary reservoir (western Poland) was to determine the intensity and seasonal variability of phosphorus release from bottom sediments. Ex situ studies were done using intact sediment cores taken in succeeding seasons at 3 research stations. The highest phosphorus loading was observed in spring (May and April), both in 2005 and 2006. The range of loading was between 23.7 and 66.6 mgP m-2 d-1. More intensive phosphorus release during warmer months was caused by microbiological decomposition of fresh organic matter, comprised of decaying filamentous algae from the previous vegetation season. Spatial variability resulted from differences in water depth between stations and in the biomass of filamentous green algae in 2005.

12

May a cormorant colony be a source of coliform and chemical pollution in a lake?

80%

Klimaszyk P.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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tom Vol. 41, No. 1

67-73

EN

Studies on the influence of a perennial cormorant colony on chemical and microbial pollution of a reservoir were conducted in Chrzypskie Lake. During the investigation carried out between 2009-2010 in the area of the colony, 155-175 breeding pairs were observed. High pollution of groundwater with biogenic elements and coliform bacteria (together with E. coli) was recorded within the boundaries of the colony. Pollutants migrated to the lake together with groundwater. Mean values of the analyzed forms of biogenic elements and bacteria formed a gradient from the highest values recorded near the colony to the lowest ones recorded in the central part of the lake.

13

Influence of land use and lithological bedrock category on phosphorus forms in the black earths of the southern part of the Nida Basin

80%

Mazurek R. , Zalewski T.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2005

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tom Vol. 12, nr 3

275-281

EN

The work aimed at determining the influence of parent rock type upon the content of phosphorus forms in variously utilized black earths localized in the two mesoregions of the Nida Basin: The Miechów Upland and the Proszowice Plateau. The largest quantities of studied phosphorus forms were assessed in surface horizons of the researched arable black earths, whereas the lowest amounts in the analogous horizons of forest soils. Statistical analysis revealed significant1y higher (p < 0.05) content of phosphorus soluble in citric acid in surface horizons of arable lands in comparison with forest soils or meadow soils.

PL

Celem pracy było określenie wpływu rodzaju skał macierzystych na zawartość form fosforu w różnie użytkowanych czarnych ziemiach zlokalizowanych na terenie dwóch mezoregionów Niecki Nidziańskiej: Wyżyny Miechowskiej i Płaskowyżu Proszowickiego. Największe ilości badanych form fosforu obserwowano w powierzchniowych poziomach badanych czarnych ziem użytkowanych omie, a najmniejsze w analogicznych poziomach gleb leśnych. Analiza statystyczna wykazała znacząco większą (p < 0,05) zawartość fosforu rozpuszczalnego w kwasie cytrynowym w poziomach powierzchniowych gleb ornych w porównaniu z glebami leśnymi i użytkowanymi łąkowo.

14

Możliwość zwiększenia efektywności usuwania fosforu w hydrofitowych systemach

80%

Karczmarczyk A. , Mosiej J.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Białostockiej. Inżynieria Środowiska

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2003

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tom Z. 16, t. 2

227-232

PL

Zwiększenie efektywności usuwania fosforu w hydrofitowych systemach oczyszczania ścieków może zostać osiągnięte poprzez zastosowanie materiałów filtracyjnych o dużej pojemności sorpcyjnej, lub dodanie do złoża materiału z dużą zawartością wapnia. W artykule przedstawiono zdolności filtracyjne oraz wielkość wiązania fosforu przez skałę wapienno-krzemionkową po prażeniu w temperaturze 900oC w sześciu wielkościach ziaren. Zaproponowano dwie możliwości zastosowania badanego materiału w systemach hydrofitowych z przepływem podpowierzchniowym, w zależności od jego charakterystyki hydraulicznej.

EN

Phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands occurs mainly from adsorption and precipitation to the bed media. Upgrading of phosphorus removal in such systems can be obtained by using filtration media with high P-capacity. Filtration and sorption parameters of calciferrous bedrock opoka, preheated at temperature 900oC, at six different particle size are presented in article. Two variants of material application in subsurface flow constructed wetlands were discussed.

15

Variability of Soil Properties in Eroded Agricultural Landscape

80%

Wysocka-Czubaszek A. , Roj-Rojewski S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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tom Vol. 21, nr 1

72--80

EN

Erosion strongly influences the soil properties and affects the intra-field variation of nutrients not only in steep young morainic landscapes but also on gentle slopes of old-glacial landscapes. The aim of the study was the evaluation of changes in the plant-available nutrient contents in the complex old-glacial eroded landscape of the Bielska Plain in the north-eastern part of Poland. The soil samples were collected from the soil profiles located along the transect beginning on the flat summit of the kame hummock extending through south-facing convex slope, the toeslope and footslope and further through the north-facing uniform slope. The content of plant-available forms of phosphorus (Pdl) and potassium (Kdl) and mineral forms of nitrogen (NH4-N and NO3-N) were determined in every soil profile. The soils located in various landscape positions were characterized with different fertility. In the soil located on the toeslope the content of NO3-N, Pdl and Kdl was high, while the soil located on the summit was rich in NH4-N and poor in the plant-available forms of K and P. The erosional distribution of plant-available N, P and K enhances the variation of nutrient content within one field and contributes to high variability of crops.

16

Loading the Waters of the River Gwda With Biogenic Substances Within the Administrative Boundaries of the Town of Piła (North-West Poland)

80%

Machula S. , Raczyńska M. , Kubiak J. , Oczkowski G. , Raczyński M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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tom Vol. 18, nr 2

103--110

EN

The results of hydrochemical tests of the Gwdy river in the area of the town of Piła are presented in this study. The catchment area of the Gwda river comprises the area of 4942.8 km2. The surface of catchment area is covered with forest in 43.1%, arable land constitutes 36.5%, and grassland 7.2%. The Gwda river is a right-bank tributary of the Noteć River of IV order. Water samplings were collected in 2009 from three measurement and control points located between 13 and 24 kilometre of the course of the river. During the tests thermal and oxygen conditions were marked and biogenic substances (nitrate acid, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and mineral phosphorus). Concentrations of most of the indicators examined qualified the waters of Gwda to the waters of good quality. The indicator whose concentrations exceeded the limit values for the waters of quality was general phosphorus.

17

Rola płytkiego nizinnego zbiornika zaporowego w układzie "rzeka-zbiornik-rzeka" Część II. Przemiany i bilans związków fosforu w zbiorniku Słupsko

80%

Kostecki M. , Nocoń W.

Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska

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2010

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tom T. 13, nr 4

245-257

PL

Przedstawiono wpływ płytkiego nizinnego zbiornika zaporowego Słupsko (Górny Śląsk) na zmiany stężeń i ładunków związków fosforu w Potoku Toszeckim. Zbiornik Słupsko funkcjonuje w warunkach wysokiego obciążenia zewnętrznego fosforem, co stwarza warunki dla degradacji tego ekosystemu. Bilans fosforu wykazał, że zbiornik nie zmniejsza dopływającego ładunku fosforu, zatem z punktu widzenia ochrony zbiornika Pławniowice jego rola jest niewielka. Zbiornik Słupsko na obecnym etapie swojego funkcjonowania i w aktualnych uwarunkowaniach zmienia mineralne formy fosforu na organiczne. Odwrotna zależność wielkości ładunków fosforu od wielkości przepływu na dopływie do zbiornika oraz widoczny efekt rozcieńczania wskazują na równomierne w czasie wprowadzanie do wód związków fosforu na terenie zlewni. Ustalenie źródeł pochodzenia fosforu na terenie zlewni zbiornika oraz ich eliminacja wydatnie poprawi jakość wody zarówno w Potoku Toszeckim, jak i w zbiornikach Słupsko i Pławniowice.

EN

The influence of a shallow, lowland dam-reservoir (the Słupsko reservoir in Upper Silesia) on the changes of concentration and loads of phosphorus in the Potok Toszecki is presented. The Słupsko reservoir functions in the high phosphorus external load conditions, what causes its degradation. The phosphorus budget showed that only small amount of the phosphorus load inflowed to the reservoir is reduced. In this case the role of reservoir for protection of the Pławniowice reservoir is not important. At the present phase of the reservoir functioning and in the current environmental conditions, in the Słupsko dam-reservoir mineral forms of phosphorus change to the organic forms. The inverse function relationship between phosphorus loads and velocity of flow as well as the dilution effect show that the regular load of phosphorus is introduced from the catchment area. Location of phosphorus sources in the Słupsko dam-reservoir basin and their elimination could improve the water quality in the Potok Toszecki as well as in the Słupsko and the Pławniowice dam-reservoirs.

18

Hydrochemical conditions of three lakes located in the West Pomeranian region in the annual cycle

80%

Tórz A. , Bonisławska M. , Nędzarek A. , Rybczyk A. , Tański A.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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tom no. 56

262--274

EN

The objective of the study was to trace the variability of the hydrochemical conditions in three lakes of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship (Poland) - Starzyca, Maszewskie and Nowogardzkie in the annual cycle. The research was done in 2018-2019, and samples for analysis were collected 4 times a year. All analyses were performed applying standard methods. Such hydrochemical indices were determined as dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, content of orthophosphates, total phosphorus, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, chlorophyll a and iron. The study showed that all lakes in the research cycle were characterised by a polymictic type of water mixing, and the trophic level, based on the adopted criteria, indicated advanced eutrophy, which may also be caused by anthropogenic pressure. Oxygen conditions characterised by deoxidation of the waters in the bottom layer in the spring and summer seasons, and clear oxygenation in the surface water layer (in Lake Maszewskie reaching even 188.5% in the spring) confirm the significant advancement of the eutrophication process. The supply of phosphorus and nitrogen in spring from pelagic waters in the waters of the examined lakes influences concentrations of chlorophyll a in the summer. The influence of “internal supply” (bottom waters and bottom sediments) on the amount of nutrients available for autotrophs is clearly visible in the analysed lakes - an increase in nitrogen and mineral phosphorus concentrations in relation to surface waters was observed in the bottom layer.

19

Phosphorus release from the bottom sediments of Lake Rusałka (Poznań, Poland)

80%

Kowalczewska-Madura K. , Gołdyn R. , Dondajewska R.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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tom Vol. 39, No.4

135-144

EN

Experimental research conducted on bottom sediments from the eutrophic Lake Rusałka (Poznań, Poland) indicated that the phosphorus release process has a significant influence on the functioning of the ecosystem. Internal loading was very intense in the deepest part of the lake, where it reached up to 29.84 mg m^-2 d^-1 P under anaerobic conditions. This part of the lake, however, was insignificant to overall internal loading. The highest loading was from the lake shallows, which covered 92% of the bottom area. Total mean annual loading to the ecosystem was 1214.5 kg year^-1 P, i.e., 3.31 g m^-2 year^-1 P.

20

Effect of phosphorus on the growth and photosynthetic pigments content of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench in in vitro cultures

80%

Figas A. , Tomaszewska-Sowa M. , Sawilska A. , Bocian K. , Figas A.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

|

2016

|

tom nr III/1

697--704

EN

The plant material were plants of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench) collected from natural locations in October 2012. Initial explants were apical buds enfolded into two leaves. Isolated explants were chemically sterilized. Reproducted shoots were divided and put into three types of mediums: medium MS (control) containing 37 mg P·dm-3, medium MS without additive of P (0,0 mg P·dm-3), medium MS with additional amound of P (74 mg P·dm-3). The aim of research was to specify the influence of phosphorus content in medium for choosen growth parameters and accumulation of assimilatory pigments: chlorophyll a, b, chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids. Analysis of these compounds were done spectrophotometrically. The made research, proved, that the richest in mentioned substances were microseedlings growing on the medium with increased amount of phosphorus. Phosphorus deficiency in medium MS had a statistically essential effect on changes in growth modifications of microseedlings of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench). Additional amount of phosphorus in the medium had a statistically essential effect on increasing of chlorophyll a+b in comparison with plants growing on the medium MS with optimal phosphorus amount or without this element by accordinglly 36% and 23%. Moreover, it caused a growth of content of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids by accordinglly 18%, 32%, 20% in comparison with variant, where the medium MS without phosphorus was applied.