Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

THE EFFECTS OF A 10-WEEK STEP AEROBICS TRAINING ON VO 2 max, ISOMETRIC STRENGTH AND BODY COMPOSITION OF YOUNG WOMEN

100%

Drobnik-Kozakiewicz I. , Sawczyn M. , Zarębska A. , Kwitniewska A. , Szumilewicz A.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

|

2013

|

tom 4

|

nr 4

3-9

EN

Health status is partly determined by physical fitness level. Physical fitness can be developed through different physical activities under condition that regularity and intensity are maintained on optimal level. One of such physical activities is step aerobics - one of the most popular collective fitness forms offered in fitness clubs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of step aerobics training on VO2max, isometric strength and body composition of young female students. Female students aged 19-21 of University of Physical Education and Sport in Gdańsk were subjects in this study. VO2max, isometric strength of elbow flexors and knee extensors, as well as body composition, were measured week before and week after a ten-week step aerobics training. For statistical analysis, basic descriptive statistics and student’s t-test were applied for dependent variables. After ten weeks of training there were no statistically significant changes in body composition, probably due to lack of calorie intake control. Significant changes were observed in isometric strength of elbow flexors but no changes in isometric strength of knee extensors. There was a compensation in isometric strength noted between left and right leg after ten weeks of training, where left leg was weaker than the right leg before training. Significant changes were noted in VO2max values, which increased from 42.04 ml/kg/min-1 to 45.71 ml/kg/min-1. Step aerobics training can sufficiently increase VO2max in young females and has a potential in developing strength of upper extremities. When body composition is the main purpose, diet should be taken under consideration.

2

The Gluteus Medius Vs. Thigh Muscles Strength Ratio and Their Relation to Electromyography Amplitude During a Farmer’s Walk Exercise

88%

Stastny P. , Lehnert M. , Zaatar A. , Svoboda Z. , Xaverova Z. , Pietraszewski P.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2015

|

tom 45

|

nr 1

157-165

EN

The strength ratio between hamstrings and quadriceps (H/Q) is associated with knee injuries as well as hip abductor muscle (HAB) weakness. Sixteen resistance trained men (age, 32.5 ± 4.2 years) performed 5 s maximal isometric contractions at 75° of knee flexion/extension and 15° of hip abduction on a dynamometer. After this isometric test they performed a Farmer´s walk exercise to find out if the muscle strength ratio predicted the electromyography amplitude expressed as a percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). The carried load represented a moderate intensity of 75% of the exercise six repetitions maximum (6RM). Electromyography data from the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF) and gluteus medius (Gmed) on each leg were collected during the procedure. The groups selected were participants with H/Q ≥ 0.5, HQ < 0.5, HAB/H ≥ 1, HAB/H < 1, HAB/Q ≥ 0.5 and HAB/Q < 0.5. One way ANOVA showed that Gmed activity was significantly greater in the group with HAB/H < 1 (42 ± 14 %MVIC) as compared to HAB/H ≥ 1 (26 ± 10 %MVIC) and HAB/Q < 0.5 (47 ± 19 %MVIC) compared to HAB/Q ≥ 0.5 (26 ± 12 %MVIC). The individuals with HAB/H < 1 were found to have greater activation of their Gmed during the Farmer’s walk exercise. Individuals with HAB/Q < 0.5 had greater activation of the Gmed. Gmed strength ratios predict the muscle involvement when a moderate amount of the external load is used. The Farmer’s walk is recommended as an exercise which can strengthen the gluteus medius, especially for individuals with a HAB/H ratio < 1 and HAB/Q < 0.5.

3

Reliability of Handgrip Strength Test in Basketball Players

88%

Gerodimos V.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2012

|

tom 31

25-36

EN

Handgrip strength is important in basketball as various movements rely on the continuous use of wrist and digits flexor muscles when catching, holding, shooting and throwing the ball. Therefore, the assessment of handgrip strength is used in prepubertal, adolescent and adult basketball players. The reliability of handgrip strength may be influenced by several factors including age. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of handgrip strength in basketball players from childhood to adulthood. Male basketball players (n = 90) were assigned into three groups: prepubertal (9.8 ± 0.7yrs), adolescents (14.4 ± 0.6yrs), and adults (26.1 ± 5.6yrs). Each participant performed three maximal isometric contractions on each hand in two occasions, one day apart. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were calculated. The test-retest reliability was high for both preferred (ICC = 0.94 - 0.98) and non-preferred (ICC = 0.96 - 0.98) hands, without differences in reliability among age-groups. The results showed a significant age-related increase (p < 0.05) in absolute and relative handgrip strength irrespective of hand preference. The present results indicate that maximum handgrip strength can be measured reliably, using the Jamar hand dynamometer, in basketball players from childhood to adulthood.

4

The effect of linear and daily undulating periodized resistance training on the neuromuscular function and the maximal quadriceps strength

75%

Abdi N. , Hamedinia M. R. , Izanloo Z. , Hedayatpour N.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

|

2019

|

tom 11

|

nr 1

5

Isometric Pull and Push Strengths of Paraplegics in the Workspace: 2. Statistical Analysis of Spatial Factors

63%

Das B. , Black N. L.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

|

2000

|

tom Vol. 6, No. 1

67-80

EN

The effect of reach levels, horizontal angles, and vertical angles on isometric pull and push strengths of male and female was determined. Highly significant increases in men’s push strength were found between extreme to maximum reaches, and from extreme to normal reaches. However, for women’s push strength, a significant increase was found only between extreme to maximum reach. Significant or highly significant increases were found in men’s and women’s pull strength between the horizontal angle (0) sagittal through the active shoulder (90°) and other angles (0, 45, and 135°). However, for men’s push strength, highly significant increases were found between the horizontal angle 45° from the frontal plane, and other angles. For women’s push strength, significant or highly significant increases were found between the horizontal angles 0° and angles of 90 and 135°. For men’s and women’s pull strength, significant or highly significant increases were found between the vertical angle (), 90°, and other angles (-20, 0, and 45°). Similar increases were found for women’s push strength between the 45° angle and other angles. In the design of a workstation for paraplegics that requires pull and push forces, consideration must be given to the spatial factors.

6

A pilot study on Italian eventing prospective olympic horse riders physiological, anthropometrical, functional and asymmetry assessment

63%

Demarie S. D. , Galvani C. , Donatucci B. , Gianfelici A.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

|

2022

|

tom 37

|

nr 01

7

The effects of a 10-week step aerobics training on VO2max, isometric strength and body composition of young women

63%

Drobnik-Kozakiewicz I. , Sawczyn M. , Zarebska A. , Kwitniewska A. , Szumilewicz A.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

|

2013

|

tom 04

|

nr 4

EN

Health status is partly determined by physical fitness level. Physical fitness can be developed through different physical activities under condition that regularity and intensity are maintained on optimal level. One of such physical activities is step aerobics - one of the most popular collective fitness forms offered in fitness clubs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of step aerobics training on VOmax, isometric strength and body composition of young female students. Female students aged 19–21 of University of Physical Education and Sport in Gdańsk were subjects in this study. VO2max, isometric strength of elbow flexors and knee extensors, as well as body composition, were measured week before and week after a ten-week step aerobics training. For statistical analysis, basic descriptive statistics and student’s t-test were applied for dependent variables. After ten weeks of training there were no statistically significant changes in body composition, probably due to lack of calorie intake control. Significant changes were observed in isometric strength of elbow flexors but no changes in isometric strength of knee extensors. There was a compensation in isometric strength noted between left and right leg after ten weeks of training, where left leg was weaker than the right leg before training. Significant changes were noted in VO2max values, which increased from 42.04 ml/kg/min–1 to 45.71 ml/kg/min–1. Step aerobics training can sufficiently increase VO2max in young females and has a potential in developing strength of upper extremities. When body composition is the main purpose, diet should be taken under consideration.

8

Isometric Pull and Push Strengths of Paraplegics in the Workspace: 1. Strength Measurement Profiles

51%

Das B. , Black N. L.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

|

2000

|

tom Vol. 6, No. 1

47--65

EN

The isometric strength profiles of male and female paraplegics were determined for pull and push strengths in the normal, maximum, and extreme working reach envelopes. A computerized isometric strength measurement system was designed and constructed for the purpose. The strongest pull location was at extreme reach vertically above the shoulder and the strength values for males and females were 473 and 318 newtons (N), respectively. The strongest push location was at maximum reach, at vertical ($) angle of 45° and at horizontal (6) angle of 45° for males and at 0° for women and the strength values were 235 and 172 N, respectively. The nature of the strength profiles was found to be similar for both the sexes. The pull and push strengths of the female were 77 and 68% that of the male, respectively.

9

Isometric Pull-Push Strengths in Workspace. 2, Analysis of Spatial Factors

51%

Das B. , Wang Y.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

|

2004

|

tom Vol. 10, No. 1

59--64

EN

The effect of reach levels, horizontal angles and vertical angles on isometric pull and push strengths of males and females in standing and seated positions was determined. The effect of reach levels on strength varied as a consequence of force direction, working position and gender. Reach level has a significant effect on women's pull strength in the seated position and on push strength in the standing position. The strength value was significantly greater in the extreme reach than in maximum or normal reach. Vertical angle ö had a significant effect on strength consistently in all cases. Strength values increased significantly with the increase of ö angles from 0º to 45º to 90º. The horizontal angle è had a significant influence only on the pull strength of standing and seated men and standing women (not seated woman). The maximum strength was significantly greater at è = 90º.

10

Isometric Pull-Push Strengths in Workspace. 1, Strength Profiles

51%

Das B. , Wang Y.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

|

2004

|

tom Vol. 10, No. 1

43--58

EN

The isometric pull and push strength profiles of males and females were determined in seated and standing positions in the workspace. The strongest pull strength location was at extreme reach vertically above the shoulder for both males and females. The greatest pull strength of 400 Newtons (N) for males was recorded in the seated and standing positions. Females. pull strengths in the seated and standing positions were 222 and 244 N, respectively. The strongest push strength was always at the maximum reach at the overhead location. Males. maximum push strength was 227 N in the seated position and 251 N in the standing position. Females’ maximum push strength was 96 N in the seated position and 140 N in the standing position. On the average the strength in the standing position was 79% of the seated position. The push strength was 71% of the pull strength and females were 56% as strong as males.