The text characterises political and ideological functioning of mass media in the People's Republic of Poland. It stresses the deformation of social communication and social bond caused by the institutional censorship (Main Office of Press, Publication and Public Performance GUKPPiW) intervention in media at that period. It depicts the mental mechanisms provoking auto-censorship. The authoress analyses all the stages of intervention in the senders' message.
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The article analyses cultural prejudices faced by women writers in Uganda since their belated entry into Ugandan literature in the 1990s, facilitated by the non-governmental literary organization FEMRITE. The censorship discussed is not official or institutional, but is part of traditional cultural discourses about women. Drawing on Judith Butler’s (1998) theorization of implicit censorship present in the social regulation of discourse and her term foreclosure, the article analyses the ways in which this censorships works to create norms of constructing a social and political female subject. It is created, on the one hand, by an atmosphere of trivializing women’s experience (which simultaneously masks and normalizes patriarchal violence against women) and on the other by perceiving fiction as personal confession, i.e., overvaluing its meaning. The article shows that despite the explicit feminist orientation of FEMRITE publications, these texts often reveal the authors’ internalization of traditional patriarchal dis-courses.
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