Nowa wersja platformy, zawierająca wyłącznie zasoby pełnotekstowe, jest już dostępna.
Przejdź na https://bibliotekanauki.pl
Ograniczanie wyników
Czasopisma help
Lata help
Autorzy help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 128

Liczba wyników na stronie
first rewind previous Strona / 7 next fast forward last
Wyniki wyszukiwania
Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  Generation Z
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
first rewind previous Strona / 7 next fast forward last
EN
Growing up in digital surroundings and using the Internet on a daily basis have been some of the most prominent features of the young population today. In fact, where Generation Z is concerned, this has virtually been the only modus vivendi they know. They find online communication natural, feeling comfortable in the digital world, spending most of their time on the Internet sharing photographs and video footage, having fun, and communicating by means of social media and various software applications. In doing so, they prove very skillful and they have no difficulty mastering new digital trends, but they are often unaware of how vulnerable they are in terms of protection of their privacy and personal data. For that reason, the paper aims at determining to what extent the members of Generation Z expose their private lives on the Internet, whether they are concerned about possible the consequences of these actions, and what steps they should take to protect their personal data. The results of the survey, conducted online, reveal that most examinees are unaware of the possible risks of providing their personal data to unknown entities on the Internet, as well as that the similar percentage of them do not take any steps towards protecting their privacy.
EN
Theoretical background: The use of social media is increasing rapidly. The total number of users has surpassed more than 500 million worldwide. Social media communication is growing faster than any other form of communication. Websites such as Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Snapchat are examples of the social media sites that are popular among all level of consumers, but especially among young consumers. Social media are definitely influencing customer behaviour. Social media has changed the way consumers think, and companies have changed their vision to reflect how it will affect their buying decision process. This article presents the characteristics of young consumers in a virtual environment.Purpose of the article: The main goal of the article is to identify the role of social media used by fashion brands at every stage of the consumer buying decision process. The authors investigated the impact of social media on changing customer behaviour. The existing literature currently lacks a comprehensive conceptual framework to explain how social media could change consumer behaviour. Only a few studies have been conducted so far, but they have focused on the older generation, not on the youngest consumer. Nowadays, the young consumer constitutes an important but, at the same time, separate part of the market. The authors highlight the most important distinctive features of teenagers representing the so-called Generation Z.Research methods: The authors used qualitative analysis; more specifically, the technique of focus group interview. Three interviews were conducted, each consisting of eight students from Poznań universities. The main goal of this research was to identify the role of social media used by fashion brands at every stage of the consumer buying decision process.Main findings: The influence of social media on buying behaviour can be observed for fashion products. Social media play an important role in the decision-making process of young consumers. Social media have changed customer behaviour. They are an invaluable source of information and recommendations for products for young consumers. Furthermore, social media generate new needs and cause unscheduled purchases, mainly impulse purchases – for example, inflenced by a discount or an interesting presentation of the product. In addition, social media are a place for expressing opinions and sharing shopping experiences for young consumers. This knowledge about young consumers’ behaviour and attitudes to the use of social media in the decision buying process of fashion brands can be very valuable advice for companies to help them adjust tools of social media communications to their target group.
EN
The task of university communication with a potential student is to provide information that will enable assessment of the available selection options and making a decision about studying at a given faculty and at a given university. Effective activities in the field of university communication with potential students require proper planning, also in terms of communication channels used. The starting point when choosing effective tools and communication channels is to learn the needs and expectations of the candidates for the studies. The aim of the article is to define communication channels in which young people undertaking studies seek information about the possibilities of studying and convincing arguments in order to increase the effectiveness of promotional messages from universities. The article base on results of own research. The on-line survey (CAWI) was conducted in September 2018 on a sample of 409 respondents in one of the economic faculties in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship (random sample).(author's abstract)
EN
The objective of the paper is to analyze the skills and attitudes of Generation Z in Poland in order to update and systematize data on features of all generations that are active in the Polish labour market. The issue deserves research due to the specific perception of work and business by young people, which, by affecting their motivation, forces companies to modify their operations. Employee engagement programmes must be adjusted to the skills and preferences of individualists, who are proficient in Internet use, but inconsistent in their decisions or endeavors and not prepared for teamwork. Short attention span and short-lived interests of young staff, which require a kinesthetic, multimodal working environment, may disrupt a traditional company culture. Communication with Generation Z, used to ongoing communication and co-creating, is a serious challenge to managers. Low levels of soft skills and economic literacy may undermine the benefits from excellent adaptability of the young generation. Tabular summaries of generation-based characteristics will be presented. The paper is based on the literature on the older generations as well as reports and statistics on Generation Z.
5
Content available The characteristics of Generation Z
88%
EN
Generation Z is going to be an important part of human resources within the labor market. As this generation was born and raised under specific conditions different from the other generations in the labor market (e.g., they have always had ubiquitous Internet access), questions arise about the characteristics of the youngest generation – what are they like? The results of this study, based on 1162 representatives of Generation Z (using questionnaires), show that, for the Generation Z, feedback about the results of their work is a crucial element that they most identify with and expect (72%). Additionally, new technologies are a natural environment for them. In the context of their mobility, they willingly go on foreign business trips, but they are not so willing to relocate for work. Although it is said that they easily change their jobs, according to the research results, they would be happy to be employed for a longer period of time by one employer (even their entire life – 39%), but their work needs to be attractive. A fast career as a priority for Generation Z was the most rarely chosen characteristic (only 17% identify with this statement). The research sample is not representative.
6
88%
EN
Vocabulary has long been taught and learned through single words. The traditional learning involved making lists of words with their translations into learner native language. Although words are the key blocks of language, they do not occur individually. To produce coherent texts, words are combined and integrated into various situations. Language practitioners, who are unaware of recent linguistic research, usually use commercial textbooks that rely on grammar syllabus. In 1993, M. Lewis introduced a lexical approach which claims that language consists of meaningful word combinations known as chunks. Corpus studies confirmed that chunks dominate all language structures. It is acknowledged that acquisition of lexis is a very complex and demanding process. Learners of each generation use different ways of learning. Recognition and recall are two key concepts that demonstrate how learners can cope with receptive and productive skills. Recognition implies understanding lexis while reading or listening, and recall refers to learners’ ability to remember and use it in speaking or writing. This article aims at investigating how students of Klaipeda University, who represent Generation Z (2000–present), prefer to learn English for Specific Purposes (ESP) lexis, which is one of key difficulties they encounter in learning English. The data are obtained from the two surveys that have been administered to the respondents. The analysis of the responses reveals that Generation Z prefers traditional ways of mastering lexis.
EN
This is an empirical study that is based on the results of questionnaire research on ecological behaviour and consumer choices shown by generation Z and their attitudes towards pro-ecological practices implemented as part of ecological policies in accommodation businesses. At the same time, an attempt was made to find out whether the implemented ideas could encourage this generation to choose places offering practices friendly to the environment and thus be a source of competitive advantage of such locations. The description of the results was preceded by an overview of past research on the issue and theoretical background on sustainable consumption. An analysis of the results showed that Generation Z in most cases tried to limit their negative impact on the environment as well as trying to apply ecological guidelines in practice. Generation Z support pro-ecological behaviour on a daily basis, however, this is mainly true when it comes to behaviour bringing financial or health-related benefits. The young approve of most pro-ecological practices in the accommodation industry but they differ in preferences and in exchange for their support, they expect financial rewards. In conclusion, this generation rates more highly accommodation facilities implementing pro-ecological practices and this translates into a greater willingness to stay at such places.
EN
Contemporary demographic changes in the labour market pose many challenges. One of them is the need to reconcile the needs of employees from different generations. The youngest generation on the labour market – Generation Z – has very specific expectations, which are discussed in the paper. At the same time, the article describes the labour market in a poviat town on the example of Leszno. As it turned out, contrary to popular opinion, despite the low level of unemployment and the difficulty in finding employees in many industries, there is no employee market in Leszno. Employers do not respond to the expectations of job candidates, especially the youngest ones, which in turn leads to their travelling to other, larger cities. In this way Leszno is depopulating. A similar situation occurs in other small poviat towns. The article proposes one solution to this problem, which is one of the research purposes. The second purpose is recognision of Generation Z’s expectations towards their future employers. The outcomes are described in the article.
|
|
nr 2
77-90
EN
The paper focuses on selected e-skills of young people (Generation Y, Generation Z, Net Generation) who are considered as digital natives. The article deals especially with the common belief that representatives of the young generation are proficient in the use of ICT. This is an exploration of this issue, done by seeking answer to the question whether that kind of common belief is correct? In the first part of this paper, there is an overview of selected studies and reflections related to the problem, both enthusiastic and critical. The second part is a description of research, which was conducted by the author of the paper.
EN
Changes resulting from the development of the Internet have a significant impact on the shape of popular culture. Music, particularly the message that it conveys, constitutes an important element of culture. Music, which is a part of a wider cultural context, has a significant influence on the shaping of the world view of contemporary people and serves as an important element of its description. According to Jacek Bernasiewicz, music often becomes the building block of the young generation. “It is primarily about music, and particularly its content, that always served as a generational bond and carried ideology – rock music for flower children, punk rock for neglected children, rap music for hip hoppers…” (Bernasiewicz, 2009: 4). Music always carries a message and combined with a music video, it becomes a story. This paper and deliberations contained herein are devoted to the works of Mr D, also known as Dorota Masłowska, which is a mirage – on the one hand of pop culture, entertainment and fun, and on the other, a depiction of the contemporary Polish society, in which the Generation Y plays a major role. The aim of the paper is to show how the Internet, being a place where narratives about the world play out, using the convergence of media, contributes to the construction of a certain reality, the elements of which, emphasised by Dorota Masłowska and elevated above the everyday life of the global teenager “Made in Poland,” make up the determinants of contemporary youth culture. Music videos by Mr D. and the content of songs from the album Społeczeństwo jest niemiłe will serve as the subject of this analysis. The narrative appearing in these songs will be examined, and the broader context of the meanings contained in the songs in relation to the entirety of popular culture and the way of functioning of society in it will be pointed out. Dorota Masłowska’s songs are not narratives of the author herself, but of protagonists presented in her music videos: the girl presented in the music video undergoes a kind of metamorphosis, and the viewer looks at the world through the eyes of her imagination. The protagonists in her music videos and songs are representatives of certain social groups with specific, clear characteristics that allow them to be individually identified. I assume that lyrics of songs listened to and music videos watched by youth and young adults are among the most important ways of learning and participating in culture by giving meaning to oneself, one’s life and the world. A musical work that is an “immature form” of culture, making use of the wide range of possibilities available to it for conveying messages, full of symbols and metaphors, demands its recipients to read and discover the meaning.
XX
O młodych pokoleniach wchodzących na rynek pracy słyszymy często, że mają wygórowane aspiracje i nierealne oczekiwania wobec pracodawców. Zrealizowane w marcu i kwietniu 2020 r. przez PwC, Well.hr i Absolvent Consulting badanie dowodzi, że młodzi Polacy bacznie obserwują sytuację na rynku pracy, są pragmatyczni i szybko dostosowują swoje oczekiwania do warunków działania w nowej rzeczywistości. Deklarują też chęć związania się z pracodawcą na dłużej, pod warunkiem, że jest wobec nich fair. (fragment tekstu)
EN
The aim of the study is to identify the approach to work flexibility as represented by surveyed employers from the SME sector as well as the perception of work flexibility among students who represent Generation Z. The idea behind the research is based on the confrontation of opinions presented by employers and students. The aim is to identify areas of potential convergence and divergence in the perception of work flexibility understood as the performance of work based on forms of employment and work organization that deviate from traditional employment relations. Understanding the young employee values connected with work flexibility and areas of divergence in the perception of these values by employers and employees should help organizations in building personnel policy when considering Generation Z.
PL
Celem opracowania jest identyfikacja podejścia do elastyczności pracy, reprezentowanego przez badanych pracodawców z sektora MŚP oraz reprezentantów pokolenia Z – studentów, którzy wkroczą na rynek pracy, i osoby mające już doświadczenia zawodowe. Idea badań polegała na skonfrontowaniu ze sobą opinii tych dwóch źródeł w celu określenia obszarów potencjalnych zbieżności i rozbieżności na ten temat. Zrozumienie wartości związanych z elastycznością pracy młodych pracowników oraz obszarów rozbieżności percepcji tych wartości przez pracodawców i pracowników powinno pomóc organizacjom w budowaniu polityki personalnej wobec generacji Z.
13
Content available remote Zarządzanie pracownikami z pokolenia paradoksów
75%
XX
Najstarsi przedstawiciele pokolenia "Z" wchodzą już na rynek pracy. Dla zarządzających zasobami ludzkimi oznacza to wiele wyzwań związanych z ich przyjęciem do przedsiębiorstw. Konieczne jest poznanie ich wartości, potrzeb, motywacji i zastosowanie adekwatnych do tego metod zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi. Zdaniem autorek sytuację komplikuje fakt, że reprezentanci pokolenia "Z" charakteryzują się pewnym przeciwstawnymi cechami, które niewątpliwie powodują trudności w pełnym ich zrozumieniu. Można ich określić mianem "pokolenia paradoksów". Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja oraz ogólna charakterystyka paradoksów typowych dla przedstawicieli badanego pokolenia. W artykule podjęto również próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie: Jak zarządzać pracownikami z pokolenia pełnego paradoksów? Artykuł powstał na podstawie studiów literatury krajowej i zagranicznej oraz badań przeprowadzonych przez autorki niniejszego opracowania.(abstrakt oryginalny)
EN
The oldest representatives of generation Z have already entered the labor market, which sets a lot of new challenges for human resource managers, associated with their adoption into companies. It becomes necessary to learn values, needs and motivations in order to apply adequate human resource management methods. According to the authors the situation gets complicated by the fact that generation Z demonstrates contradictory qualities, which undoubtedly makes it difficult to fully understand its representatives. Hence they can be described as the "generation of paradoxes". This article aims to identify and generally chartacterise the paradoxes typical of the representatives of this generation. The article also attempts to answer the question: How to manage the workforce from generation full of paradoxes? The article is based on domestic and foreign literature as well as on research conducted by the authors.(original abstract)
XX
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wpływu nowoczesnych technologii na wybrane aspekty zachowań współczesnych konsumentów oraz określenie przesłanek decydujących o zmianie tradycyjnego modelu konsumpcji. Przedmiotem badań są postawy i zachowania konsumenckie pokolenia Z oraz preferowane alternatywne modele konsumpcji. Badaniem objęto najmłodsze pokolenie konsumentów, którego charakterystyka została dokonana w pierwszej części artykułu wraz z określeniem uwarunkowań jego rozwoju. Sformułowano hipotezę o kształtowaniu się nowego oblicza procesu podejmowania decyzji zakupowych przez pokolenie Z, mocno związanego z wykorzystaniem urządzeń mobilnych. Potwierdzono ją w dalszej części pracy, wskazując sposób, w jaki nowe technologie wpływają na realizację potrzeb konsumentów oraz kształtują ich postawy i zachowania rynkowe. Podjęto też próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie o przyczyny zmiany mentalności i stylu życia najmłodszej generacji, która wykazuje się racjonalnością w zaspokajaniu potrzeb, odchodzi od nadmiarów i potrafi wspólnie użytkować rzeczy. (fragment tekstu)
EN
This article presents considerations on the changes of the consumer behaviour of generation Z, manifested in the way purchasing decisions are made and needs are met. The purpose of this article is to analyse the conditions for the development of new forms of purchasing processes and alternative consumption patterns. The author pointed out factors causing young purchasers' increased interest in innovative solutions in the sphere of consumption, and, in particular, the expanding scope of internet communication and the scale of use of mobile devices. It has been proved that the generation Z consumption model is strongly embedded in virtual reality and includes an alternative approach to satisfying needs. An attempt was made to answer the question regarding the reason for a change in approach of the youngest generation to consumption and the development of new trends, and in particular of the resignation from purchasing goods in favour of gaining access to them. The author indicated certain premises increasing generation Z's inclination to use some goods or services only when required, and not acquiring them for personal possession, including, in particular, growing awareness of the negative social and environmental consequences of excessive consumption. Benefits of adapting the collaborative consumption model in the form of prosumer activities were highlighted. The presented topic allowed to show the changing approach to consumption as a challenge for enterprises facing the need to react both to the changing mobile technological environment and to the new, emerging generation of consumers. So far, this problem has not been studied in detail, therefore the conclusions of the article on changing consumer attitudes of generation Z may be used by manufacturers to take actions consistent with the expectations of this significant group of young, mobile buyers. (original abstract)
EN
The issue of intersection of digital media and acquisition of forms of public awareness is still relatively new. This research study identifies cognitive aspects of subjective perception of different categories of influencers operating in the online environment. The aim is a more detailed explanation of the psychosemantic structure of the perception of selected domestic influencers in relation to the self-respondents and the brand, as this is where the promotional aspect of the researched topic is revealed. Theoretical starting points of the study accentuate the knowledge based on endorsement models of using celebrities in marketing communication, as well as on the concept of social psychology and persuasion. The elementary definition of the concept of influencers lies in the etymological analysis, which we supplement with the analysis of currently established scientific-professional approaches to the categorisation of influencers and also draw attention to a critical explanation of terms related to influencer marketing, such as opinion leader, brand ambassador, as well as the influencer itself. To identify social representation of celebrities and marketing communication in the semantic space of generation Z we applied a psychosemantic method of Semantic Choice Test. The results indicate a markedly positive self-concept of the studied cohort of Generation Z and its focus on professional application represented by the semantic proximity of two influencers (Sajfa and LucyPug). At the same time, significant distrust of politicians and political communication and a critical approach to the aggressive communication of political entities were identified.
XX
Głównym celem artykułu jest identyfikacja poziomu zaufania do modeli biznesowych opartych na koncepcji platformy współpracy wśród przedstawicieli pokolenia Z. Cel ten został osiągnięty dzięki konstrukcji wskaźnika informującego o udzieleniu pełnego lub ograniczonego zaufania do korzystania z tego typu platform. Danymi wejściowymi, które posłużyły do obliczenia proponowanego wskaźnika, były odpowiedzi uzyskane podczas przeprowadzonych badań ankietowych. (fragment tekstu)
EN
The concept of sharing economy and the collaborative internet platforms are among the most important economic and technological trends that will influence socio-economic development in the future. Confidence in technology, service providers and application providers are a key issue when making decisions about using such solutions. The aim of the paper is to assess trust and interest to use such tools. A survey method is used in the paper. The questionnaire was addressed to potential users from Z generation. The obtained result show that platform management, including the creation of a marketing strategy, requires more attention focused on building mutual trust between participants rather than strengthening confidence in the use of technology. (original abstract)
EN
Based on literary sources and scientific articles on pedagogy and also guided by the results of our own pedagogical experience we substantiated the importance of the teaching program implementation through the content lines of the different subjects through the project activity realization during the education period in order to form the key competencies responsible for students’ socialization, active personal formation and ease of adaptive period of teenagers’ transition into adulthood. The research emphasizes on the dominant role of the cross-cutting project activity as a method of knowledge obtainment in the research process during the implementation of the concept of the New Ukrainian school and the importance of the project activity organization form and method correction.
XX
Reprezentanci pokolenia Z stanowią dziś od kilku do 35 proc. pracowników firm. Na razie to mniejszość, ale sytuacja naturalnie będzie się zmieniać. ATERIMA HR zapytała przedstawicieli firm, które zatrudniają osoby urodzone po 1990 roku, o opinie na temat tej grupy i o to, czy są przygotowani do zarządzania międzypokoleniowego. (fragment tekstu)
XX
Publikowane wyniki badań odnoszą się do modelu dopasowania osoby do organizacji opracowanego w oparciu o unikalne cechy nowej grupy pokoleniowej, Generacji Z, wchodzącej obecnie na rynek pracy. Źródła literaturowe wskazują, że przewaga konkurencyjna może być budowana w oparciu o unikalny w danej organizacji kapitał ludzki, który zatrudnia i rozwija. Wyniki pionierskich badań pozwalają na wypełnienie luki badawczej i wnioskowanie w kontekście kultury osobowo-organizacyjnej pokolenia Z wchodzącego na rynek pracy. Kluczowe pytania, na które autorzy artykułu odpowiadają, opisując model dopasowania osoby z pokolenia Z do organizacji, to między innymi atrakcyjność kultury organizacyjnej dla mężczyzn i kobiet z młodego pokolenia. Wyniki badań przeprowadzono w trzech etapach: analiza czynników środowiska pracy dla pokolenia Z wpływających na kulturę organizacyjną, analiza korelacji między czynnikami środowiska pracy wymaganymi przez przedstawicieli młodego pokolenia Z, prezentacja struktury dopasowania osoby reprezentującej pokolenie Z do organizacji. Na podstawie próby 3393 uczniów szkół średnich w Wielkopolsce i wyników zebranych z kwestionariusza ankiet dostarczono dowodów preferencji miejsca pracy dla tej grupy. W Wielkopolsce pokolenie Z ma różne indywidualne potrzeby, z których niektóre można łatwo zidentyfikować (płeć, zawód), ale niektóre mogą być mniej jasne. Wyniki badań mogą posłużyć w praktyce do projektowania atrakcyjnych miejsc pracy z uwzględnieniem potrzeb organizacyjnych młodych osób. W oparciu o te nowatorskie badania, organizacje zatrudniające osoby z pokolenia Z będą lepiej przygotowane do budowania długotrwałej relacji współpracy z młodymi osobami, prezentacji tego, co mają do zaoferowania oraz elastyczności dopasowywania warunków pracy do wyróżniających się osób z pokolenia Z. (abstrakt oryginalny)
EN
The study looks at developing a person-organization fit model based on the unique characteristics of the new generational cohort, Generation Z, now entering the workforce. Theory suggests competitive advantage may come to a firm based on its unique human capital, the human resources it employs and develops. Further, organizations will be more successful in attracting the valuable employees they seek if they can provide a workplace appealing to them in terms of organizational values, culture, and other aspects that may also include more familiar enticements such as pay and benefits. To address the gap, this pioneering study investigates the context of person-organizational culture for the Z Generation entering the labor market. The key questions answered by the authors when describing the Person-Organization Fit Framework for Generation Z include the differences in how organizational culture appeals to Gen Z men and Gen Z women. The research results are presented in three steps: an analysis of workplace environment elements for Gen Z, correlation analysis between the workplace environment elements required by Gen Z, and presentation of a Person-Organization Fit Framework for Gen Z. From a sample of 3393 students at technological secondary schools in the Wielkopolska Region, the survey results provided evidence of the workplace preferences for this cohort. In addition, results were further analyzed for differences in gender and intended profession. For this region, Generation Z has variable individual needs and wants, some of which can be easily identified (gender, profession) but some of which may be less clear. These research results may be used for designing appealing workplaces taking into account person-organization needs for young people. Based on this novel research, organizations employing the resulting work framework for Gen Z will be better prepared to consider the nature and communication of what they have to offer as well as how they can be flexible in adapting these offerings to unique individuals. (original abstract)
20
75%
XX
W artykule podjęto rozważania na temat aspiracji zawodowych studentów studiów ekonomicznych należących do pokolenia Z. Celem artykułu jest określenie aspiracji zawodowych młodych osób dopiero wkraczających na rynek pracy. Czynniki wpływające na przyszłą satysfakcję z pracy, a tym samym chęć jej wykonywania, są zróżnicowane. Dla jednych czynnikiem motywującym będzie wysokie wynagrodzenie, natomiast dla innych będzie to dobra atmosfera w firmie bądź jej pozycja na rynku. W artykule scharakteryzowano również sytuację na polskim rynku pracy. W pracy wykorzystano literaturę przedmiotu, informacje o działaniach Ministerstwa Rodziny, Pracy i Polityki Społecznej, a także zaprezentowano wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w 2017 r. wśród 170 studentów Wydziału Ekonomicznego Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie. (abstrakt oryginalny)
EN
The aim of this article is to analyze and evaluate the preferences of students studying economics for future employers. The research method used in the study is critical analysis of literature and survey research. Selected methods arise from the specific research. The study was conducted among the students of the Faculty of Economics of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, which gives a narrower picture of the analyzed issue. Results can not be transposed into the entire population of students or students of economics studies in other parts of Poland. (fragment of text)
first rewind previous Strona / 7 next fast forward last
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.