Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The possibilities of saving illegal immigrants, by ships owned by the non-governmental organizations on the Mediterranean Sea

100%

Rokiciński K.

Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Morskiego

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2020

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tom R. XIV

169--186

EN

The paper analyzes the possibilities of saving illegal immigrants, on the Mediterranean Sea, by the non-governmental organizations. The number, structure, equipment and legal determinants of using the ships owned by the organizations were evaluated.

2

Statistical analysis of Mediterranean coastal storms

100%

Martzikos N. T. , Prinos P. E. , Memos C. D. , Tsoukala V. K.

Oceanologia

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2021

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tom No. 63 (1)

133--148

EN

Coastal storms as extreme hydrometeorological events have severe impacts on the coasts and consequently affect the coastal communities, attracting considerable research interest nowadays. Attempting to understand the risk of these extreme events, a coastal storm analysis is accomplished by studying the parameters which define a coastal storm and their properties, such as the wave height, the wave period, the duration, the calm period, and the storm energy. The frequency of occurrence of coastal storms, the thresholds of storm parameters and the way they are interrelating with each other draw a rough outline of wave climate during coastal storm events for a specific location. This information is valuable afterwards for the design of coastal structures and the coastal zone management. In this work, buoy datasets from 30 locations in the Mediterranean Sea are analysed for describing coastal storm activity. A sample of 4008 coastal storms is identified. Each location faces around 10-14 coastal storms per year, with most of them to occur in winter months and their characteristics to be site-dependent. Their average duration is lower than 30 hours, and 25% of them are consecutive events which hit the same location in less than a day. Furthermore, the wave period and the main direction present no remarkable fluctuations during a coastal storm. With this analysis, a deeper understanding of coastal storm severity is pursued, gaining knowledge about their past activity, in order to be prepared in the future and to protect the coastal areas.

3

Współpraca w regionie Morza Śródziemnego jak przejaw realizacji Europejskiej Polityki Sąsiedztwa

100%

Rossa D.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej

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2011

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tom R. 52 nr 3 (186)

251-268

PL

Polityka zagraniczna stanowi podstawowy instrument realizacji zarówno interesów państw, jak i organizacji międzynarodowych. Unia Europejska, jako twór składający się z dwudziestu siedmiu państw leżących na być może najważniejszym kontynencie świata, musi odgrywać coraz większą rolę w obliczu dominacji potęgi Stanów Zjednoczonych i rodzącej się potęgi państw Dalekiego Wschodu — Chin i Indii. Stworzenie monolitu z odrębnych polityk zagranicznych państw członkowskich wydaje się być nie lada wyzwaniem w sytuacji wciąż trwającej transformacji organizacyjnej Unii Europejskiej. Polityka zagraniczna wobec najbliższych sąsiadów wydaje się być rzeczą kluczową dla funkcjonowania bytu, jakim jest Unia Europejska. Fakt okresowego poszerzania UE oraz olbrzymi jej obszar powoduje, że polityka wobec sąsiadów musi być niezwykle elastyczna, dostosowana indywidualnie do określonej grupy partnerów, z jednoczesnym uwzględnieniem interesów Unii.

EN

The European Neighborhood Policy (ENP) was developed in 2004, with the objective of avoiding the emergence of new dividing lines between the enlarged EU and our neighbors and strengthening the prosperity, stability and security of all. In order to realize the vision of building an increasingly closer relationship with our neighbors, and a zone of stability, security and prosperity for all, the EU and each ENP partner reach agreement on reform objectives across a wide range of fields within certain ‘common’ areas such as cooperation on political and security issues, to economic and trade matters, mobility, environment, integration of transport and energy networks or scientific and cultural cooperation. The EU provides financial and technical assistance to support the implementation of these objectives, in support of partners’ own efforts. During the Barcelona Conference in November 1995, the foreign ministers of the 15 member states and the 12 TCMs, from then on ‘partners’ (Maghreb and Mashrek countries including the Palestinian Authority as well as Israel, Turkey, Malta and Cyprus) officially approved the principle of the creation of a Euro-Mediterranean free-trade economic zone. This article shows how this cooperation is connected with The European Neighborhood Policy.

4

A blue-pigmented hasleoid diatom, Haslea sp., from the Adriatic Sea

100%

Palińska K. A. , Surosz W.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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tom Vol. 47, No. 1

60--66

EN

We present the first report and description of the pinnate diatom Haslea sp. from the northeastern Adriatic Sea, Croatia, producing a blue pigment. This organism is very similar to the well-known Haslea ostrearia, the first described “blue” diatom producing marennine, i.e. the pigment involved in the greening of oysters, and recently described H. provincialis. However, the Croatian diatom slightly differs from other Haslea species in its morphology and 18S rRNA sequence. The discovery of Haslea sp. from Croatia confirmed the possible existence of more species among the representatives of blue Haslea species, as previously assumed. The discovery of several genetically distinct populations of Haslea ostrearia, new species H. karadagensis, H. provincialis and Haslea sp. from Croatia, suggests that species richness in the group of “blue” diatoms is probably underestimated and still more new blue diatoms remain undiscovered. This also raises questions about previously published reports and observations of Haslea distribution in the Mediterranean Sea whether these organisms really belong to H. ostrearia.

5

Starożytne miasta w basenie Morza Śródziemnego- w poszukiwaniu formy idealnej

88%

Nowogórski P.

Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

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2019

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tom 26

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nr 2

5-17

EN

Undoubtedly, one of the greatest achievements of antiquity in the Mediterranean basin is the origin and development of the city in a very broad sense; not only as the functional human settlement, but also the idea that found its place in philosophy. This article is a synthetic discussion of ancient Mediterranean urban planning in terms of its search of the ideal form of the city. Already in Mesopotamia and Egypt in the 4th - 3rd millennium BC they began to "experiment" with the layout of a functional and convenient city for its residents. However, only in the Greek and then Roman world did the ideal form find its full realization. It was then that the most representative examples of the ideal city were created.

6

Statistical analysis of Mediterranean coastal storms

88%

Martzikos N. T. , Prinos P. E. , Memos C. D. , Tsoukala V. K.

Oceanologia

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2021

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tom 63

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nr 1

7

The Prevailing Weather and Traffic Conditions in the Evaluation of a Future ECA in the Mediterranean Sea. A view into the Western Mediterranean

88%

Castells M. , Martínez-Osés F. X.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2014

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tom Vol. 8, no. 1

157--163

EN

Appendix III of MARPOL´s Annex VI sets out the criteria and procedures for designating an emission control area (ECA).These criteria includes: a clear delineation of the proposed ECA; types of emissions proposed for control, land and sea areas at risk; emission quantification and impact assessment; prevailing weather conditions; data and quality on marine traffic; land based measures concurrent with the ECA adoption and the relative costs of reducing emissions from ships. This paper analyses the climate parameter together with traffic conditions: prevailing weather conditions as a parameter to be kept in mind for the adoption of a future ECA in the Mediterranean Sea. Preliminary results would show how marine emissions coming from existing traffic will impact the sea and land ecology in the Mediterranean area.

8

Recent sea surface temperature trends and future scenarios for the Mediterranean Sea

88%

Shaltout M. , Omstedt A.

Oceanologia

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2014

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tom No. 56 (3)

411--443

EN

We analyse recent Mediterranean Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and their response to global change using 1/4-degree gridded advanced very-high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR) daily SST data, 1982-2012. These data indicate significant annual warming (from 0.24°C decade-1 west of the Strait of Gibraltar to 0.51°C decade-1over the Black Sea) and significant spatial variation in annual average SST (from 15ºC over the Black Sea to 21°C over the Levantine sub-basin). Ensemble mean scenarios indicate that the study area SST may experience significant warming, peaking at 2.6°C century-1 in the Representative Concentration Pathways 85 (RCP85) scenario.

9

Reproductive Biology of the Mediterranean Green Crab Carcinus aestuarii Nardo, 1847 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) in Homa Lagoon, Aegean Sea, Turkey

88%

Özbek M. , Koçak C. , Acarli D.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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tom Vol. 41, No. 4

77-80

EN

The Mediterranean green crab Carcinus aestuarii Nardo, 1847 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) is a common inhabitant of the shallow waters of Homa Lagoon in Izmir Bay, Turkey, in the eastern Mediterranean. Monthly samples were collected in Homa Lagoon from June 2006 to May 2007 using trammel nets, fyke nets, beach seines and fence traps. In total, 608 males and 559 females of C. aestuarii were collected. The highest sex ratio (81-86% females) was recorded between October and December, and in August (58% females). Ovigerous females were obtained only from November to February with the highest ratio of ovigerous females (55%) observed in January 2007. The maturation curve presenting the carapace width showed that 50% of female crabs with the carapace width of 26.84 š1.58 mm (r= 0.72) were physiologically mature. Regression analyses indicated that the number of eggs was positively correlated with carapace width and wet weight (P < 0.05, in both cases).

10

Composition and diel vertical distribution of euphausiid larvae (calyptopis stage) in the deep southern Adriatic

88%

Gangai Zovko B. , Lučić D. , Hure M. , Onofri I. , Pestorić B.

Oceanologia

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2018

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tom No. 60 (2)

128--138

EN

Diel changes in the vertical distribution and abundance of calyptopes were studied in the deepest area of the southern Adriatic over four seasons (July 2003, February 2004, October 2004, April 2009). Temperature variations were limited to the upper 100 m and salinity variations were small. Of previously known adult euphausiid species – 12 for the Adriatic (Gangai et al., 2012) and 13 for the Mediterranean (Mavidis et al., 2005) – calyptopes of 11 species of euphausiids were recorded. Abundance of calyptopes of all species was the highest in spring. Species were characterized according to their mean depth: surface (0-50 m), sub-surface (50-200 m), mesopelagic (200-800 m), or bathypelagic (800-1200 m) and vertical dispersion (scattered or non-scattered). Four diel patterns emerged: (i) nocturnal ascent to upper layers (Euphausia brevis, E. hemigibba, E. krohnii, Nematoscelis megalops, N. couchii), (ii) migration to upper layers at middle of the day and at night, and descent during the morning and evening (Stylocheiron maximum – only winter), (iii) weakly-migrating or non-migrating (S. longicorne), (iv) irregular migration independent of the day/night cycle (S. abbreviatum, S. maximum – during spring, summer and autumn, T. aequalis).

11

Calculating the water and heat balances of the Eastern Mediterranean Basin using ocean modelling and available eteorological, hydrological and ocean data

88%

Shaltout M. , Omstedt A.

Oceanologia

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2012

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tom No. 54 (2)

199-232

EN

Eastern Mediterranean water and heat balances were analysed over 52 years. The modelling uses a process-oriented approach resolving the one-dimensional equations of momentum, heat and salt conservation; turbulence is modelled using a two-equation model. The results indicate that calculated temperature and salinity follow the reanalysed data well. The water balance in the Eastern Mediterranean basin was controlled by the difference between inflows and outflows through the Sicily Channel and by net precipitation. The freshwater component displayed a negative trend over the study period, indicating increasing salinity in the basin. The heat balance was controlled by heat loss from the water surface, solar radiation into the sea and heat flow through the Sicily Channel. Both solar radiation and net heat loss displayed increasing trends, probably due to decreased total cloud cover. In addition, the heat balance indicated a net import of approximately 9 W m-2 of heat to the Eastern Mediterranean Basin from the Western Basin.

12

A new alien fish in the Mediterranean Sea: Champsodon nudivittis (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Champsodontidae)

75%

Cicek E. , Bilecenoglu M.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2009

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tom 39

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nr 1

EN

A single specimen of nakedband gaper, Champsodon nudivittis (Ogilby, 1895), indigenous to the Indo West Pacific, was captured on 18 January 2008 from the Iskenderun Bay, Turkey. This is the first record of this species in the Mediterranean Sea. The most likely way of introduction would be via ships’ ballast waters.

13

Analysis of heavy metal contamination in surface sediments of Iskenderun Bay, Turkey

75%

Kutlu B. , Özcan T. , Özcan G.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2021

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tom Vol. 50, No. 4

411--420

EN

The ecological risk resulting from the accumulation of some heavy metals in the sediments of Iskenderun Bay was assessed using the following measures: enrichment and contamination factor, pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (RI). The concentrations of the studied heavy metals were in the following order: Fe > Ni > Mn > Cr > Zn > Cu > As > Pb > Cd > Hg. Ni and As had the highest EF values. This situation is most likely due to the presence of iron, pesticide, and fertilizer plants in the region. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Ni, As, Mn, and Cr may have harmful effects on faunal communities in sediments. According to the RI, Site 4 was more contaminated and toxic than the other seven study sites, with “moderate” ecological risk. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was determined by multivariate methods – cluster and principal component analysis. As can be inferred from the RI values, the potential toxic effect of As and Ni in the sediments is moderate.

14

O związkach zmian ciśnienia w basenie Morza Śródziemnego ze zmianami ciśnienia w Arktyce Atlantyckiej (1951-2008)

75%

Ferdynus J.

Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej

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2009

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tom nr 19

115-128

PL

Praca charakteryzuje miesięczne rozkłady przestrzenne związków między zmianami ciśnienia atmosferycznego na poziomie morza (SLP) nad Morzem Śródziemnym a zmianami SLP w Arktyce Atlantyckiej. Stwierdzono występowanie znacznych różnic regionalnych między zachodnią i wschodnią częścią Morza Śród-ziemnego. Nad zachodnią częścią morza związki te są silne i istotne statystycznie przez 9 miesięcy w roku, nad wschodnią – istotne, choć słabsze i ograniczone do 5 miesięcy. W obu częściach morza najsilniejsze związki zaznaczają się w miesiącach zimowych (listopad-marzec), zanikają w kwietniu oraz lipcu i sierpniu. Ich siła zmie-nia się w czasie: w latach 1951-1978 były słabsze, uległy wzmocnieniu w okresie 1978-2008. Wzrost siły związków stanowi rezultat spadku SLP w Arktyce Atlantyckiej i wzrostu SLP nad obszarem Morza Śródziemnego.

EN

The process of changes of relations between the atmospheric pressure at the point over the West Spitsbergen Current axis (75°N and 15°E) and the atmospheric pressure at the Mediterranean Basin show that there are statistically remarkable interrelations within the meteorological elements, unstable in time, relatively stable in space and they appear during the winter period – from November to March. The space range covers also the areas of the Iberian Peninsula, France and Germany – especially in winter time and in the SLP scale. The negative and statistically important correlations between the Atlantic Arctic pressure and the Mediterranean Basin pressure can be observed mainly in the western part of the sea in the October-May period or even October-June period with the break in April. Such correlations can be observed in the eastern part of Mediterranean Basin only in the November-March period but they do not reach the western part values. The reason differentiating the winter correlations and non-winter ones is the difference of pressure between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Arctic. The strong relations appear in the conditions of big pressure differences (10.5-11.0 hPa between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Arctic. The reason of instability of these relations in time is the trend change above both areas. The change of the trend took place over the Mediterranean Sea and the Arctic in the years 1977-1978. It is considered that it is the effect of the change of the circulation system of the Northern Hemisphere.

15

The discovery of Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943 (Copepoda: Caligidae) from two new elasmobranch hosts in the Mediterranean Sea, and a comparative redescription of Lepeophtheirus rhinobati Luque, Chaves et Cezar, 1998

75%

Ozak A. A. , Yanar A. , Sakarya Y. , Boxshall G. A.

Acta Parasitologica

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2018

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tom 63

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nr 3

16

Spatio-temporal variability of the phytoplankton biomass in the Levantine basin between 2002 and 2015 using MODIS products

75%

El Hourany R. , Fadel A. , Gemayel E. , Abboud-Abi Saab M. , Faour G.

Oceanologia

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2017

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tom 59

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nr 2

EN

The Levantine basin in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea is subject to spatial and seasonal variations in primary production and physical-chemical properties both on a short and long-term basis. In this study, the monthly means of daily MODIS product images were averaged between 2002 and 2015, and used to characterize the phytoplankton blooms in different bioregions of the Levantine basin. The selected products were the sea surface temperature (SST), the chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance at 490 nm (Kd_490) and the colored dissolved organic matter index (CDOM_ index). Our results showed that phytoplankton blooms were spatially and temporally variable. They occurred in late autumn at the Nile Delta, in early spring and late summer at the eastern coastline, and in spring at the northeastern coastline. The northern coastline and the open water had a common bloom occurring in winter. The Nile Delta was found to be the most productive area of the Levantine basin showing high Chl-a. Kd_490 and Chl-a present a parallel co-variation indicating a dominance of Case 1 waters in the Levantine basin. The CDOM_index shows a phase shift with the Chl-a fluctuation. A strong inverse correlation was observed between both Chl-a and CDOM_index with SST, connoting an indirect relation represented by a depression of CDOM in summer by photobleaching, and a suppression of the chlorophyll-a concentration due to water stratification, together with nutrient stress. An overestimation of the Chl-a values had been signaled by the use of the CDOM_index, suggesting a correction plan in a latter study.

17

Average nutrient and chlorophyll distributions in the Western Mediterranean: RADMED project

75%

Garcia-Martinez M. C. , Vargaz-Yanez M. , Moya F. , Santiago R. , Munoz M. , Reul A. , Ramirez T. , Balbin R.

Oceanologia

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2019

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tom 61

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nr 1

18

Seasonal assessment of biological indices, bioaccumulation and bioavailability of heavy metals in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis from Algerian west coast, applied to environmental monitoring

75%

Rouane-Hacene O. , Boutiba Z. , Belhaouari B. , Guibbolini-Sabatier M. E. , Francour P. , Risso-de Faverney C.

Oceanologia

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2015

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tom No. 57 (4)

362--374

EN

The aim of the present work is to broaden our knowledge on the variability of trace metals in mussel tissues, focusing on seasonal fluctuations in the three different sampling sites of Algerian west coast (Oran Harbor (S1), Ain Defla (S2) and Hadjaj (S3)). For this purpose, the bioavailability (metal indices) and bioaccumulation (metal concentrations in soft tissues) of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd), and the physiological characteristics (e.g. biological indices such as condition index (CI)) of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis have been assessed and related to seasons and sites. In S1, the highest levels of metal concentrations and indices were obtained in mussels sampled in winter for Zn, Cu and Cd, but in summer for Pb. The biological indices significantly decreased in winter. In S2, the levels of concentrations and indices of all metals varied whatever the seasons, excepting in summer where the values were the lowest. In summer and spring, the biological indices were lower than in autumn and winter. The low growth of organisms in spring and summer might be correlated to the reproductive period and the low trophic level known in S2. S3, considered as a “pristine” area, showed low metal concentrations and indices, and high biological indices, reflecting the favorable physiological conditions for the mussel growth. This approach might be used in the monitoring of the quality of coastal waters and the present work provided a useful data set for Mediterranean monitoring network.

19

Changes in storm frequency in the Mediterranean Sea region

75%

Grabowska K. , Miłaszewska M.

Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

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2010

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tom 14

71-78

EN

Storms in the European part of the Mediterranean Sea Basin are characterized in the paper. Data on storm days comes from the years 1986-2008, from fourteen stations located on the coast and on islands of the Mediterranean Sea (Gibraltar, Valencia, Palma de Majorca, Marseille, Ajaccio - Corsica, Cagliari - Sardinia, Palermo - Sicily, Naples, Luqa Malta, Thessaloniki, Athens, Souda - Crete, Rhodes Airport - Rhodes and Larnaca - Cyprus). The greatest number of storm days was noted in Corsica (870 - on the average 37,8 per year) and the least in Gibraltar (371 - 16,1). In most of the examined stations storms took place most frequently in the fall (from 19 to 46%). The smallest number of storm days was observed in winter (western and central part of the region) and in summer (eastern part). From a year-to-year analysis of storm days, it was found that their trend, at almost at all the stations, is negative. The strongest negative trend was observed in Valencia, Naples and Cagliari (-8,5 days/10 years). A growing trend, reaching 3 storm days/10 years, was only found in Cyprus.

20

Wayfaring and Seafaring A Theological Reading of the “Mediterranean Journey”

75%

Scerri H.

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

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2011

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tom 1

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nr 2

PL

The article dwells upon the theme of the journey in the Mediterranean, the cradle of the three great monotheistic religions. Taking some paradigms for the journey from mythology, history and from Revelation, the physical journey is taken as a metaphor for the pilgrimage of life, an experience marked by maturation and conversion. This spiritual pilgrimage ultimately consists in the individual’s search for the Divine.