Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Effects of Accelerated Breathing On Postural Stability

100%

Kuczyński M. , Wieloch M.

Human Movement

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2008

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tom 9

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nr 2

107-110

EN

Purpose. The aim of the paper was to determine the effect of respiration on body balance in quiet standing. Basic procedures. Postural performance during quiet standing was compared in 37 young healthy subjects in two trials on a force plate: first with natural breathing, and then with accelerated high-volume breathing at the rate of 1 Hz. Each trial included 20 s quiet standing with eyes open, and the center of pressure (COP) was recorded with the sampling rate of 20 Hz in both anterior-posterior (AP) and mediallateral (ML) planes. Based on the recorded signals the COP dispersion measures and postural frequency were calculated. Main findings. The forced respiration contributed significantly to the increase in all COP stability measures in the AP plane: dispersion (p < 0.01), range (p < 0.001) and mean velocity and frequency (p < 0.00001). In the ML plane only mean velocity (p < 0.001) and frequency (p < 0.01) were affected. Conclusions. In view of the evidence provided by other authors that stress tests increase the amplitude- and frequency-based stability measures, our results indicate that the contribution of natural accelerated breathing after strenuous physical exercise will bias the results of stabilographic studies, rendering them worthless in understanding the role of neuromuscular fatigue in stability deterioration. Such studies must use data collected after the respiration returns to normal rate. However, if the study aims at overall assessment of postural stability post-fatigue, the postural testing may be performed immediately after the stress test.

2

Microphytobenthic primary production on exposed coastal sandy sediments of the Southern Baltic Sea using ex situ sediment cores and oxygen optodes

100%

Kuriyama K. , Gründling-Pfaff S. , Diehl N. , Woelfel J. , Karsten U.

Oceanologia

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2021

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tom No. 63 (2)

247--260

EN

The shallow coastal water zone of the tide-less southern Baltic Sea is dominated by exposed sandy sediments which are typically inhabited by microphytobenthic communities, but their primary production is poorly studied, and hence four stations between 3.0 and 6.2 m depth were investigated. Sediment cores were carefully taken to keep the natural layering and exposed in a controlled self-constructed incubator. Respiratory oxygen consumption and photosynthetic oxygen production were recorded applying planar oxygen optode sensors. We hypothesized that with increasing water depths the effects of wind- and wave-induced erosion and mixing of the upper sediment layer are dampened and expected higher microphytobenthic biomass and primary production in the incubated cores. Our data partly confirm this hypothesis, as cores sampled at the most exposed stations contained only 50% chlorophyll a m−2 compared to the deeper stations. However, primary production was highly variable, probably due to fluctuating sediment-disturbing conditions before the cores were taken. Due to these physical forces sand grains were highly mobile and rounded, and small epipsamic benthic diatoms dominated, which preferentially occurred in some cracks and crevices as visualized by scanning electron microscopy. The data fill an important gap in reliable production data for sandy sediments of the southern Baltic Sea, and point to the ecological importance and relevant contribution of microphytobenthic communities to the total primary production of this marine ecosystem. Oxygen planar optode sensor spots proved to be a reliable, sensitive and fast detection system for ex situ oxygen exchange measurements in the overlying water of intact sediment cores.

3

Mineralization of phycodetritus in water column of the submountain dam reservoir (southern Poland) : simulated experiments

100%

Starzecka A. , Bednarz T.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2004

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tom Vol. 52, nr 3

247-259

EN

The mineralization (expressed as O2 consumption and CO2 release) of Scenedesmus quadricauda detritus was investigated in homothermal (spring, autumn) and stratified (summer, winter) conditions, using the Micro- Oxymax respirometer. In experiments, the rate of O2 consumption and CO2 release, sedimentation rate and time of mineralization of phycodetritus in water from 2.5, 7.5 and > 17 m depth were determined. It was found that 41% and 100% of detritus carbon (31.4 mg C dm^-3) added to the water could be mineralized in whole water column in time 28 days during spring and 37 days during autumn homothermal conditions. In summer stratification periods 61% of the detritus carbon during 29 days, and in winter 100% during 35 days, could be mineralised down to the depth 18 m. The rate of mineralization of phycodetritus depends on temperature and activity of microflora. The differences in the rate of O2 consumption and CO2 release between particular layers of water and seasons were statistically significant in the majority of cases.

4

What’s new in airway secretions clearance for adults? A systematic review

100%

Kołodziej M. , Kochman M.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2021

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nr 2

162-169

EN

Introduction. Airway clearance techniques are an essential part of routine respiratory physiotherapy, enabling bronchial secretion clearance-the mucus overproduction and retaining results in lung function deterioration and disrupts effective pulmonary rehabilitation. Several mucus clearance methods are included in the physiotherapy daily routine of patients with chronic lung conditions; nevertheless, new techniques and approaches are continuously developed. Aim. Thus, this systematic review summarizes novel airway clearance techniques applied in patients with chronic pulmonary conditions. Material and methods. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases were searched from 2010 to 2021, and studies were selected based on eligibility criteria. Analysis of the literature. 101 patients from five studies describing four different techniques were included. Novel techniques were non-invasive ventilation, intrapulmonary percussive ventilation, trachea vibration, and PEP-sound wave combination. Significant improvements were noted for ventilation homogeneity (NIV), saturation (NIV), respiratory rate (IPV), and diffusion capacity (VL), whereas cardiovascular function and exercise endurance did not change significantly. Conclusion. The presented methods are considered to have similar effectiveness as well-known airway clearance techniques. However, the systematic use of presented methods in routine pulmonary rehabilitation must be preceded by in-depth investigation to provide no-bias results.

5

Resistance of mosses to drying, measured by the intensity of gas exchange and the content of malate and citrate

100%

Rzepka A. , Szarek W.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae

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2021

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tom 6

EN

Desiccation tolerance, the ability to lose virtually all of its free intracellular water and then restore normal function when rehydrated, is one of the most remarkable features of bryophytes. The aim of the study was to determine the resistance of two species of Plagiomnium undulatum (Hedw.) T.J.Kop. and Polytrichum commune Hedw. on drying to 50% relative water content of the air and rehydration. Changes in the intensity of photosynthesis and respiration as well as the content of malate and citrate in leafy moss stems were analysed. P. commune gametophores showed greater resistance to drought stress than P. undulatum. In both species, photosynthesis was much more sensitive to drought than respiration. Changes in the content of malate and citrate indicated a high plasticity of moss metabolism in conditions of water shortage and may be one of many important elements of the adaptation strategy to water deficit. The reactions of the tested mosses to dehydration and rehydration confirmed their adaptation to specific land conditions.

6

Upper Vistula River : response of aquatic communities to pollution and impoundment. 5, Photosynthetic and respiratory activity of seston

100%

Starzecka A. , Bednarz T.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2002

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tom Vol. 50, nr 2

157-166

EN

From March 1997 to March 1998 the photosynthesis (PhS) and respiration of seston (Rs) and bacteria fraction (Rb) in the water of the Upper Vistula River on the section from 10.9 to 336.7 km of the river course were investigated. Methods applied: PhS - light and dark bottles, Rs - dark bottles, Rb - respiration of bacterial fraction, which was isolated by water filtration. The smallest mean yearly value of PhS (2.1-8.6 J dm^-3 24 h^-1) was found at 10.9 - 36.6 km of the river course and the greatest ones (40.4-42.7 J dm^-3 24 h^-1) at 248.2-336.7 km, in accordance with the size of the river. Rs was the smallest (23.9-28.7 J dm^-3 24 h^-1) between 10.9-45.7 km of the river course (on the rather clean sector) and decisively greater 51.6 J dm^-3 24 h^-1) at 115.6 km, at the most polluted sites. Along longitudinal profile of the Upper Vistula River Rb was equalized and ranged from 20.7 24.1 J dm^-3 24 h^-1, with the exception at 10.9 (spring clean part of the river, poor in seston) and 336.7 km of the river course, where it was 10-20% smaller. The last value might indicated the presence of organic matter easily avaiable to bacteria at this site. Rb constituted from 45 to 78% of seston Rs with the minimal value at 115.6 km of the river course (the most polluted) and its maximal participation at 10.9 km - clean part of the river, rather poor in seston.

7

Mitochondrial hog-renal-cortex respiration system activity as a function of taken-out-organ storage conditions

100%

Ogonski T.

Advances in Agricultural Sciences

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2000

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tom 07

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nr 1

8

Diagnosis and Therapy of Respiratory and Phonatory Disorders in Dysartrhia. Case Studies

88%

Szewczyk B.

Logopedia Silesiana

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2019

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nr 8

400-434

PL

This article presents the exemplary types of dysarthria with its characteristic respiration, phonation, and prosody disorders. The author examined the voice capabilities of three patients, aged 52, 74 and 81, respectively, described them, and composed short session programmes in voice therapy (comprised of three meetings) adapted to their individual needs. The author carried out the part of the therapy and then listed tendencies resurfacing during the exercises performed by the patients. Finally, the expected effects of further exercises (following previously applied methods) were presented.

9

Diagnosis and Therapy of Respiratory and Phonatory Disorders in Dysartrhia. Case Studies

88%

Szewczyk B.

Logopedia Silesiana

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2019

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nr 8

400-434

PL

This article presents the exemplary types of dysarthria with its characteristic respiration, phonation, and prosody disorders. The author examined the voice capabilities of three patients, aged 52, 74 and 81, respectively, described them, and composed short session programmes in voice therapy (comprised of three meetings) adapted to their individual needs. The author carried out the part of the therapy and then listed tendencies resurfacing during the exercises performed by the patients. Finally, the expected effects of further exercises (following previously applied methods) were presented.

10

Importance of bacteria and protozooplankton for faecal pellet degradation

88%

Morata N. , Seuthe L.

Oceanologia

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2014

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tom No. 56 (3)

565--581

EN

The degradation mechanisms of faecal pellets are still poorly understood, although they determine their contribution to vertical fluxes of carbon. The aim of this study was to attempt to understand the microbial (bacteria and protozooplankton) degradation of faecal pellets by measuring the faecal pellet carbon-specific degradation rate (FP-CSD) as an indicator of pellet degradation. "In situ" and "culture" pellets (provided by the grazing of copepods in in situ water and in a culture of Rhodomonas sp. respectively) were incubated in seawater from the chlorophyll a maximum and 90 m depth, and in filtered seawater. When microbes were abundant (at the chlorophyll a maximum), they significantly increased FP-CSD. In addition, culture pellets had a higher FP-CSD than in situ pellets, suggesting that the results obtained with culture pellets should be treated with caution when trying to extrapolate to natural field conditions.

11

Metabolic control analysis of integrated energy metabolism in permeabilized cardiomyocytes - experimental study

88%

Tepp K. , Timohhina N. , Chekulayev V. , Shevchuk I. , Kaambre T. , Saks V.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2010

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tom 57

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nr 4

421-430

EN

The main focus of this research was to apply Metabolic Control Analysis to quantitative investigation of the regulation of respiration by components of the Mitochondrial Interactosome (MI, a supercomplex consisting of ATP Synthasome, mitochondrial creatine kinase (MtCK), voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC), and tubulin) in permeabilized cardiomyocytes. Flux control coefficients (FCC) were measured using two protocols: 1) with direct ADP activation, and 2) with MtCK activation by creatine (Cr) in the presence of ATP and pyruvate kinase-phosphoenolpyruvate system. The results show that the metabolic control is much stronger in the latter case: the sum of the measured FCC is 2.7 versus 0.74 (ADP activation). This is consistent with previous data showing recycling of ADP and ATP inside the MI due to the functional coupling between MtCK and ANT and limited permeability of VDAC for these compounds, PCr being the major energy carrier between the mitochondria and ATPases. In physiological conditions, when the MI is activated, the key sites of regulation of respiration in mitochondria are MtCK (FCC = 0.93), adenine nucleotide translocase ANT (FCC = 0.95) and CoQ cytochrome c oxidoreductase (FCC = 0.4). These results show clearly that under the physiological conditions the energy transfer from mitochondria to the cytoplasm is regulated by the MI supercomplex and is very sensitive to metabolic signals.

12

Preliminary studies of the physico-chemical properties of basalt rock flour from the Męcinka mine in Lower Silesia

88%

Maliszewski M.

Mining Science

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2021

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tom Vol. 28

175--187

EN

During prospecting, exploration and processing of basalts, mining waste and fractions which are hard to dispose are produced. Environmental protection and economic reasons make it necessary to manage as much of the extracted mineral as possible. There are various actions taken to use this raw material in many sectors of economy. Increasing the use of the natural soil remineralizer, produced of basalt rock flours, can reduce the accumulation of mining waste. The results of the researches on the physical and chemical properties of basalt rock flour from the Męcinka mine in Lower Silesia are described in this paper. The research was carried out to evaluate the soil remineralizer produced from rock material in agriculture. It turned out that the tested rock material contains significantly lower concentration of heavy metals than can be entered into the soil (lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury). The rock material contains different microelements (Al, Si, S, Ti, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ba, Mn, Se, Mo), which are important components of cell molecules, necessary for proper growth and development of plants. The pH is alkaline, therefore a soil remineralizer produced from rock flour should be used mainly in acidic soils. The results of the granulometric tests of the rock flour grains showed that the rock material should be ground to a smaller fraction (i.e., 0.063 mm). It was found that adding basalt flour to soil improves respiration of soil microorganisms.

13

Visual monitoring of heartbeat and respiration in Antarctic seals

88%

Salwicka K. , Stonehouse B. , Salwicka K. , Stonehouse B.

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14

Wearable Biosensor: How to Improve the Efficacy in Data Transmission in Respiratory Monitoring System?

88%

Kanthi M. , Dilli R.

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2023

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tom Vol. 69, No. 1

25--32

EN

Respiratory rate measurement is important under different types of health issues. The need for technological developments for measuring respiratory rate has become imperative for healthcare professionals. The paper presents an approach to respiratory monitoring, with the aim to improve the accuracy and efficacy of the data monitored. We use multiple types of sensors on various locations on the body to continuously transmit real-time data, which is processed to calculate the respiration rate. Variations in the respiration rate will help us identify the current health condition of the patient also for diagnosis and further medical treatment. The software tools such as Keil μVision IDE, Mbed Studio IDE, Energia IDE are used to compile and build the system architecture and display information. EasyEDA is used to provide pin map details and complete architecture information.

15

Effect of temperature on the soil nematode Cephalobus persegnis in a laboratory culture

88%

Makarevskaja Z.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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1998

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tom Vol. 46, no 2

197-205

EN

Soil nematodes Cephalobus persegnis (Bastian 1865) originating from a laboratory culture maintained at 20 stopni C cultured for three successive generations at 15 stopni C, 21 stopni C, or 15/21 stopni C for 12 hours in each temperature. Transfer of the nematodes to 15 stopni C markedly depressed their fecundity and growth of F1 worms. In next generations fecundity restored while size of the nematodes increased significantly. Similar though less pronounced changes were observed also at 15/21 stopni C. No marked changes were found at 21 stopni C. The temperature the nematodes were cultured at did not influence their respiration rate measured at 21 stopni C. The latter depended on the weight of the nematodes.

16

Respiration and assimilation processes reflected in the carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric carbon dioxide

88%

Szaran J. , Niezgoda H. , Trembaczowski A.

Nukleonika

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2002

|

tom Vol. 47,suppl.1

59-61

EN

This paper presents diurnal variations of concentration and carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric carbon dioxide caused by respiration and assimilation processes. Air samples were collected during early and late summer in 1998 in unpolluted area (village Guciow located near the Roztocze National Park, SE Poland) in three different environments: uncultivated field on a hill, a meadow in the Wieprz river valley and a forest. The effect is very strong during intensive vegetation growth on a sunny day and clear night. The largest diurnal variations in atmospheric CO2 concentration and its carbon isotopic composition in June above the meadow were about 480 ppm and 10‰, respectively.

17

Comparison of primary production and pelagic community respiration rates in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk

88%

York J. K. , Witek Z. , Labudda S. , Ochocki S.

Oceanologia

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2001

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tom No. 43 (3)

365-370

EN

The organic matter production/respiration balance in the coastal water column was examined, both the primary production and community respiration being measured with the oxygen light-and-dark bottle method. Community respiration (CR) was always lower than the gross primary production (GPP) measured at a standard light intensity of 390 žE m-2 s-1, which amounted, on average, to 30% of GPP. During most of the in situ sampling period, the coastal system (6-7 m depth) was found to be autotrophic, with depth-integrated GPP ranging from 6.7 mmoles O2 m-2 d-1 in December to 214.2 mmoles O2 m-2 d-1 in August, and CR ranging correspondingly from 6.0 to 177.7 mmoles O2 m-2 d-1. However, on some occasions heterotrophic conditions were recorded: depth-integrated GPP

18

Microbiological processes taking place in Dobczyce reservoir during spring water bloom

75%

Bednarz T. , Starzecka A.

Oceanological Studies

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1998

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tom Vol. 27, No. 2

13-21

EN

In waters of Dobczyce reservoir, the organic carbon content, biomass of algae and bacteria, respiration of bacteria and respiration of aquatic organisms (measured by oxygen uptake), and energetic expenditures per unit of bacterial biomass ('costs of maintenance') at the beginning of spring water bloom (May, 1996) caused by Nitzschia palea (Kutz.) W. Sm. were greater than those in the second phase of bloom. However, photosynthesis of algae was greater in the second one. In the surface layer of bottom sediments, the greatest values of measured parameters were noted in the second phase of water bloom but the 'costs of maintenance' of bacteria reached maximum values one week after of water bloom break.

19

Effect of soil sieving on respiration induced by low-molecular-weight substrates

75%

Datta R. , Vranova V. , Pavelka M. , Rejsek K. , Formanek P.

International Agrophysics

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2014

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tom 28

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nr 1

EN

The mesh size of sieves has a significant impact upon soil disturbance, affecting pore structure, fungal hyphae, proportion of fungi to bacteria, and organic matter fractions. The effects are dependent upon soil type and plant coverage. Sieving through a 2 mm mesh increases mineralization of exogenously supplied carbohydrates and phenolics compared to a 5 mm mesh and the effect is significant (p<0.05), especially in organic horizons, due to increased microbial metabolism and alteration of other soil properties. Finer mesh size particularly increases arabinose, mannose, galactose, ferulic and pthalic acid metabolism, whereas maltose mineralization is less affected. Sieving through a 5 mm mesh size is suggested for all type of experiments where enhanced mineralization of low-molecular-weight organic compounds needs to be minimalized.

20

Komputerowe wspomaganie diagnostyki układu oddechowego człowieka

75%

Kalicka R. , Słomiński W. , Kuziemski K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej

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2007

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tom Nr 23

61-64

PL

Celem pracy jest weryfikacja praktycznej przydatności parametrów modelu procesu respiracji w diagnostyce układu oddechowego. Modelowanie oparto o wyniki badania układu oddechowego techniką oscylacji wymuszonych. Zaprezentowano dwa modele wymiany gazowej: czteroparametrowy i sześcioparametrowy. Porównano estymatę parametrów charakteryzujące osoby zdrowe i osoby, u których stwierdzono zaburzenia układu oddechowego. Wyniki badań porównawczych upoważniają do stwierdzenia, że otrzymane w wyniku wspomaganego komputerowo modelowania parametry respiracji, oraz ich dokładności, pozwalają na wykorzystanie ich do celów diagnostycznych w badaniach dysfunkcji układu oddechowego.

EN

The aim of this study is to verify the usefulness of the forced oscillation technique modelling in respiratory system diagnosing. Two models of FOT measurements have been considered: the four-parameter model and six-parameter model. The parameter estimates for patients with lung diseases were confronted with the parameter values in population of healthy patients. The results obtained showed that the precision and accuracy of the parameter estimates are sufficiently good that the FOT measurements and modelling could be applied for diagnostic purposes.