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Studia Slavica
|
2014
|
tom 18
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nr 2
137-150
EN
The following article is a linguistic analysis of the nominalization of the second person of the Holy Trinity. It shows the linguistic metamorphoses of addressing Christ by the means of description. In the Carmelites’ manuscripts there are multitude of descriptions, both singular and multicomponent, metaphorical. Therefore, to reveal their variety and multicipity at least partially, they have been divided into five categories: single-word nouns, two-word defined descriptions in three patterns: noun + pronoun, noun + noun, noun + adjective, and multicomponent metaphorical descriptions. The article shows the changeability of addressing Christ in individual texts from the 17th-century Carmelites’ manuscripts, with the emphasis on the subject-matter they deal with (from Christmas texts to Lent ones).
EN
In 1579, the printing workshop of Jiří Melantrich of Aventin published Práva městská Království českého [Municipal Laws of the Kingdom of Bohemia] by the Chancellor of the Old Town of Prague, Pavel Kristián of Koldín. The code was then used in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia until 1811. The study builds on and complements the inventory of František Hoffmann, published in 1979. It newly describes Koldín’s Práva městská in 58 manuscript copies and six printed books with handwritten notes.
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The article presents the first statistical and quantification survey on Czech production of manuscripts during the period 1450–1550. The aim is to create a picture of the manuscript production during the studied period and to outline mutual relations between the receding manuscript production and the emerging production of printed works within the Czech environment. Material used for the analysis was collected based on registers of book collections of Bohemian and Moravian libraries and archives. The results have confirmed an expected decline in the production of manuscripts – manuscripts created after 1501 constitute only less than one fifth of the total collection. However, the decline was not distributed evenly. The number of produced manuscripts fell especially in the case of religious literature and the majority of secular disciplines. As regards the topics of medicine and law, the decline is not very perceptible. This was probably caused by the fact that Bohemian printing offices did not have sufficient possibilities to produce this type of literature. This broader perspective is counterbalanced by a more detailed probe into private book collections of certain important Bohemian scholars of that time.
EN
This paper analyses two lists of errors in the Waldesian cult, as contained in manuscripts I F 230 (from 1399, and its twin manuscript Mil II 58), as well as I F 707 (from the early 15th century). The list in manuscript I F 230 was compiled earlier, whereas the one from manuscript I F 707 is identical with the list included in manuscript No. 229 from the library in Pelplin. The comparison of the anti-heretic lists of errors from manuscripts I F 230 and I F 707, as well as the analysis of their contents, reveals similarities and leads to a conclusion that they both refer to writings by inquisitor Petrus Zwicker, while the list in I F 230 could have been even authored by him.
5
Content available remote Die Freiberger "Hussitenhandschrift" X 8o 40 im Kontext einer Neudatierung
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EN
In 1877 Josef Pekař first described the Hussite composite manuscript stored in Freiberg, Saxony, with the signature X 8o 40, which has now been re-dated to around 1510 due to the watermarks examined for the first time in the Leipzig handwriting center. The author of the present study analyzes the important content of the manuscript, which includes an old Czech translation of the Konstanz trial files of the Magisters Jan Hus and Hieronymus von Prag and, as the only source, the chronicle about the Hussite captain Jan Žižka, which was written between 1434 and 1470. The second and third parts of the study deal with the contextualization and transmission of the manuscript against the local background of the Reformation and finally with the description of the external characteristics of the Freiberg Hussite manuscript that has been made so far.
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EN
Th ere are two Qur’an manuscripts in the collection of the Kórnik Library (Poland) – BK 1716 and BK 2676. Th e fi rst one, dating from the 17th century, is rich in diff erent types of scribal errors and serves as an interesting example of ways of amending them. Th e second one, dating from the 15th century, includes interesting illuminations and calligraphy. Th is paper is a detailed analysis of these manuscripts, including their covers, decorations and scribal errors.
EN
Hieronim Florian Radziwiłł (1715-1760) was one of the most powerful magnates of Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth, the owner of residencies in Biała (now Biała Podlaska) and Słuck. Historians point out on the one hand his achievements as a patron of art, founder of a ballet school and a supporter of a few theatres but on the other hand they describe him as an eccentric and cruel person for his serfs. The prince left rich written heritage (diaries, messages, letters) which is an invaluable source for study on the author’s idiolect. The aim of the paper is to show the most important features of Radziwił’s writing with the emphasis on eastern elements of the language on the basis of chosen manuscripts kept in Czartoryscy Library in Kraków.
EN
Focusing on transcription of handwritten texts, the study provides an addendum to Josef Vintr’s Zásady transkripce českých textů z barokní doby [The Principles of transcription of Czech Baroque texts], published in Listy filologické 121, 1998, pp. 341–346. It does not offer a normative instruction but a general methodological reflection and a summary of aids to creating principles of transcribing particular texts. After discussing basic differences between scribal and printing practices, it deals with some problematic features typical of scribal orthography. The study primarily concentrates on the problem of long and short vowels and the most frequent differences between modern and Baroque vowel length. It is argued that the principles of transcription should be formulated according to the individual grammatical usage of the individual scribe, and distinctive features of the text should be preserved as much as possible.
9
Content available remote Seventeenth-century Gdansk instrumental music sources
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PL
This article represents an attempt to provide a synthetic presentation of seventeenth-century Gdańsk instrumental music sources, comprising three groups: 1 - manuscripts and old prints, currently found in Gdańsk or elsewhere, that include works by musicians who were active in Gdańsk; 2 - manuscripts from Gdańsk libraries that include works by composers not active in Gdańsk; 3 - manuscripts of Gdańsk provenance, now held in libraries outside Gdańsk, that include works by composers not active in Gdańsk. Several types of sources have survived that are characteristic of the age in which they were created. These include lute tablatures, keyboard tablatures and manuscripts and old prints with compositions for various forces, including keyboard instruments, solo instruments (violin, cornet) with b.c., a 2 and a 3 type compositions for violin (in one case for cornet and bassoon with b.c.) and also larger ensembles, chiefly strings with b.c. The repertoire of the Gdańsk sources is similar to that of other seventeenthcentury European sources. It includes dances, canzonas, fantasias, preambles, sonatas, suites and, in the earliest manuscripts, intabulations of both religious and secular songs. In total, there are some 800 extant compositions, of which the vast majority (around 700) are found in lute and keyboard tablatures. Some compositions may be considered unique in Old Polish instrumental music. They are works by the composers Marcin Gremboszewski and Heinrich Dóbel, who were active in Gdańsk, representing early examples of solo compositions for cornet and violin with b.c., as well as a chamber piece for cornet and bassoon with b.c. Bearing in mind that the number of extant Old Polish instrumental music sources is relatively modest, these Gdańsk sources should be considered a highly valuable supplement.
EN
Texts using magical practices formed an important part of everyday life, especially for the lower classes of society in the 18th and 19th centuries. Spellbooks straddle the boundary between prayer (i.e. a permitted expression) and magic (i.e. a not permitted expression). The text of a manuscript book often changed with the person of the scribe. The analysis of the different phases of the search has shown the variety of treasure texts content, which is usually not defined by the magical means used, the localization, the scribe, the subject, or the title. Nor do similar types of books show similarities: texts addressing the same saint (e.g. Saint Christopher books), texts following a similar theme (so-called edvartky), texts from the pen of the same author, or texts using the same “search” means. The text schematization is only manifested in the basic parameters, i.e. the search for treasure through establishing a relationship with otherworldly entities using various means. However, the texts make abundant use of fundamental aspects of traditional religiosity and belief in God. Thus, despite the presence of incantations and other practices, the treasure books are a manifestation of pious behaviour affirming man’s submission to the divine destiny
EN
The article presents preliminary findings concerning the legal vocabulary found in medieval Latin-Polish court books. On the basis of various entries related to the lien law, it has been shown that many Latin fragments of monuments abound in names derived from the Roman law, which then were replaced with the equivalent Polish names. However, the way writers have used them makes it very difficult to determine their contextual meaning.
EN
This article deals with a legacy report of six books to the Augustinian Canon monastery in Třeboň which was written down in the years 1460–1468 by Martin of Třeboň, a physician. Two of the manuscripts were identified in the holding of the National Library of the Czech Republic today and moreover, further manuscripts belonging to Martin not mentioned in the legacy were found. They are also held by the National Library of the Czech Republic and by the National Library in Vienna. Another codex belonging to the same owner may be held by the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana. The contents of the manuscripts indicate that Martin intended to build up his library as an expert reference library with special regard to medicine and natural sciences but it also contained manuscripts of other branches.
EN
The Lord’s Prayer played an important role in the formation of early Anglo-Saxon Church. The significance of Oratio Dominica was raised in ecclesiastical correspondence and reflected in state charts and laws issued at the time. Prose translations and poetical paraphrases formed part of contemporary literature. Their authors continued the long- standing Cædmonian tradition and used the ancient Germanic poetic diction to express Christian values. These texts, therefore, indirectly open the way to our understanding of the intricate relations existing in the Latin-Germanic world. Conveying these peculiar artefacts of the Anglo-Saxon Christian culture in another language imposes special duties on a translator. Above all, the extant manuscripts must be studied with meticulous care and compared with reliable editions. The selection of a dependable critical edition is the prerequisite to the esthetically satisfying and adequate translation. This prior condition is especially important when liturgical poetry is introduced into a distant culture to which the subtle beauty of the Anglo-Saxon literary world is virtually unknown
15
Content available Rabbanite magical texts in Karaite manuscripts
88%
EN
In spite of the recurrent polemic in Classical Karaite texts against Rabbanite dealings with magic, later Karaite manuscripts do contain some magical texts and recipes. In the present study, we examine one such manuscript (Jerusalem – The National Library of Israel Ms. Heb. 8°3652), a nineteenth-century Karaite compendium of magical and non-magical texts, copied in Troki in 1873 by Yehudah ben Shelamiel Zekharia Bezekowicz. Upon closer examination, many, and probably all, of the magical and divinatory texts and recipes found in this manuscript can be shown to be derived from the Jewish magical tradition, as transmitted in Rabbanite manuscripts. We therefore point to some of these parallels, and show that this late-Karaite manuscript incorporates textual units that go back to late antique Jewish magic, to medieval and Renaissance Jewish magic, and to more modern Jewish magic, and that its magic-related contents display no specific Karaite features. It is simply a collection of Rabbanite magical traditions copied by Karaite scribes for their own use.
EN
The paper discusses a part of manuscript collection of the Załuski Library in Warsaw related to developing, documenting and registering or aimed at influencing public life in the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth. The manuscript collections of the Załuski Library, amounting to about 11-13 000 units, were among the largest and most valuable in Poland up until being dispatched to Saint Petersburg in 1796; following their repossession by Poland after 1922, the vast majority of them (about 80%) were destroyed in 1944. Asthe old handwritten inventories were lost together with the collection, the paper is based on two printed selective catalogues of manuscripts, later inventory and catalogue records drawn up in Saint Petersburg as well as few reference works and other scientific studies. The number of public life documents held in the Załuski Library can be estimated at approximately 300-400 inventory units. The most important ones include Crown Chancellery official books and collections of records concerning administrative, fiscal and military matters of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Anumerous group of materials was represented by sejm diaries, collections of public life documents created by private initiative and for private use as well as official correspondence of Polish kings and state dignitaries
EN
The article focuses on the characteristics of Jeleński’s letters to his mother and shows how they change from long love letters to basic emotionless messages written with a pencil on a limited letter form. It is at the moment when the author experiences the Invasion of Normandy and countless battles fought in France, Belgium and Holland as a tank crew member that the tone of correspondence changes. From this point forward Jeleński's messages serve only as a means to an end, simple contact, which is particularly important during the extreme conditions of war. The following analysis is based on manuscripts as the material from which the letters were written determines its contents.
EN
Article focuses on handwritten sermons by Father Krzysztof Kluk. We don't know if examined manuscript was the autographed, but its copy, probably made in the first decade of the nineteenth century. The scribe wrote the text as faithfully as possible, but the phenomena of language associated with the graphicphonetic plane, or the flexion of the monument in relation to Krzysztof Kluk's idiolect must decide with a caution. It should, however, ask ourselves whether in the sermons are noticed such language elements that do not fit into a dedicated text language system and may indicate the impact of the copyist? It seems that the answer to this question can be given – that is the purpose of this sketch – analyzing the inflexion system of Kluk's orations. It should be inflected the forms, which are hapax legomena in the text, while there are variants of newer, progressive trends in the Polish language the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, especial-ly if the text confirms the system functioning within a given flexemic category older ending or variant inflection of the word.
EN
The article attempts to present and discuss the juvenile works of Gustave Flaubert. Though the writer never allowed these juvenile works to be published, being extremely critical of their aesthetic value, the works such as November, Memoirs of a Madman or the diary-form Cahier intime de 1840–1841 still make important texts that provide a sizeable amount of information on the writer’s literary workshop. Interestingly enough, these early works show the writer’s attachment to the manuscript (tantamount to the dislike to the written word) and the author’s tools (pen, ink and paper). These juvenile attempts, in the main autobiographical in nature, are thus penetrated by the metatext element that is a key input in providing an opportunity for a reflection on the way the text itself does exist: this element also informs us on Flaubert’s growing maturity that ultimately defined his role of a fully-fledged author. The paratext elements (epigraphs, dedications, inscriptions, dates and signatures) in his juvenile works seem to be just as important as they allow us to follow, step by step, the way to the birth of a writer-manuscript and thus a writer who gets his fulfillment and the very existence exclusively in a text of a manuscript character.
EN
Archival research is of great importance for the study of old Croatian literature, as a large part of the body of literary texts has been preserved in manuscripts to the present day, and many of them are kept in archives. Although at its beginnings Croatian national philology was strongly focused on archival work, in the 20th century this kind of research was abandoned, despite the fact that there was still a lot of unanalyzed material left in the archives, as well as many possibilities for correction or supplementing previous conclusions. Thus the handwritten Kajkavian songbooks, especially the secular ones, have been only partially examined. In addition, some songbooks from the Croatian State Archives have never become an object of research. This article draws attention to the importance of fundamental archival research, without which it is impossible to properly draw a picture of the Kajkavian element of old Croatian literature.
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