Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Konstrukcja i zastosowanie skali Ocena menopauzy

100%

Bielawska-Batorowicz E. , UŁ I. P.

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EN

The paper describes the construction of a tool designed to measure opinions on the menopause. The main assumptions and the process of construction is described step by step. The tool consists of 35 items and allows to evaluate both positive and negative aspects of the menopause (POZ and NEG subscales) on 5-points Likert type scale. It allows also for comparisons of both types of opinions (DIF index). Reliability coefficients (test-retest, Cronbach’s α and Spearman-Brown’s coefficient) are sufficiently high. The temporary norms were calculated based on frequency distribution from a study of 175 women.

2

Moje samopoczucie – polska adaptacja kwestionariusza Menopause Symptom List Janette M. Perz

80%

Bielawska-Batorowicz E. , UŁ I. P.

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EN

Menopause Symptom List was developed in Australia as a tool to depict severity and intensity of symptoms related to menopause. Three scales of the questionnaire – psychological, vasomotor and somatic symptoms – were extracted by factor analysis. The paper gives account of the Polish version of the questionnaire (Moje samopoczucie), its validity and reliability. Factor analysis has confirmed the original 3 factors structure of the questionnaire. Realiability coefficients (test-retest, Cronbach’s and Spearmann-Brown’s coefficient) were sufficiently high. Validity was estimated by comparing the results of the questionnaire and a physician’s evaluation of intensity and severity of menopausal symptoms. Most subjects with high questionnaire scores were also given high scores on medical record. Results of women with different menopausal status were significantly different. The scores changed significantly in women treated with hormone replacement therapy. All these results indicate that Polish version of Menopause Symptom List is a valid tool to be used in studies on menopausal transition.

3

Biological Symptoms of Aging in Women Regarding Physical Activity and Lifestyle

80%

Stachoń A. , Burdukiewicz A. , Pietraszewska J. , Andrzejewska J. , Chromik K.

Human Movement

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2010

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tom 11

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nr 2

172-178

EN

Purpose. Menopause in many women is related to worse health conditions, increased diseases incidence and body mass. The purpose of this research was to investigate whether the differentiation of the involutional changes related to the climacteric period depends on women's physical activity and selected aspects of lifestyle. The following aging indices were analyzed: age of menopause, value of blood parameters, disease incidence, BMI. Basic procedures. The research, conducted in the health care units, was based on the survey approved by the Bioethical Committee at the Jagiellonian University. The data of 896 women above the age of 40 were used in the research. Basic statistics were calculated and tests of significance of differences and correlation were applied. Main findings. There is no significant relationship between the level of physical activity, the type of work performed and the age of menopause. However, women performing white-collar work and practicing sports enter menopause last. In smokers the age of menopause lowered. Women using vegetarian diets and women with high BMI values go through menopause later. High BMI values and nicotine addiction are significantly related to the increased level of blood sugar, diabetes incidence and high blood pressure. The cholesterol level is significantly related to the age of the subjects. The percentage of increased cholesterol level is smaller in women practicing sports who have also significantly lower BMI values than those who do not go in for any sports. Conclusions. The analysis of health and aging indices confirms the highest correlation between BMI and the external factors. Moreover, regarding the specificity of hormonal changes during climacterium, overweight and obese women go through menopause later.

4

Symptoms of menopause and health of women during perimenopause

80%

Małgorzata Nagórska M. , Aneta Sowa A. , Katarzyna Wardak K. , Małgorzata Lesińska-Sawicka M.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2018

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nr 4

259-266

EN

Introduction. Perimenopausal age is the time in a woman’s life, when her reproductive capacity declines. Characteristic symptoms in the majority of systems accompany this process. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the symptoms of menopause and investigate the most common health problems in perimenopausal women. Materials and methods. The study involved 180 women in perimenopausal age (45-55 years). The subjects were mainly residents of rural areas (65%) and married (84%). Most of them declared secondary education (57%). A questionnaire developed by the authors was used in the study. Results. Most women observed typical menopausal symptoms mostly between 45 and 49 years of age. Most often, these were hot flushes, the second place was night sweats, and the third place was insomnia. Almost 40% of women are treated for chronic diseases, most of them for hypertension, thyroid disease and diabetes. Conclusions. The changes associated with perimenopausal age in the majority of respondents include genitourinary system, respiratory system, skeletal system and metabolic changes. Level of education influences the level of knowledge among women on the menopause. Women from rural areas used non-pharmacological methods to mitigate the symptoms of menopause to a greater extent.

5

Jakość życia kobiet w okresie średniej i późnej dorosłości

80%

Janicka K. , Uniwersytet Łódzki I. P. , karolina.o.janicka@wp.pl

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2014

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tom 18

PL

Celem badań była ocena jakości życia u kobiet w okresie średniej i późnej dorosłości. Zbadano 200 kobiet między 45. a 68. rokiem życia. Badane kobiety zostały podzielone na trzy grupy ze względu na doświadczenia związane z menopauzą. Do badań zastosowano ankietę, kwestionariusz „Zdrowie kobiet” (WHQ) M. Hunter i kwestionariusz WHOQOL-BREF Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia. Zmiany hormonalne oraz objawy z nimi związane okazały się znaczące dla jakości życia kobiet w okresie perimenopauzalnym i postmenopauzalnym. Kobiety po menopauzie są najmniej zadowolone ze swojego zdrowia i najniżej oceniają swój dobrostan społeczny. Kobiety w okresie okołomenopauzalnym w porównaniu z pozostałymi najbardziej negatywnie oceniają swój dobrostan środowiskowy.

EN

The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life of women during middle and late adulthood. The research group consisted of 200 women between 45 and 68 years of age. The women were divided into three groups according to their experiences of menopause (presence and regularity of menstruation). In the study there were used the Women’s Health Questionnaire (WHQ) by M. Hunter, the WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire prepared by the World Health Organization, and a self-made survey. Hormonal changes and symptoms associated with them appeared to be signifi cant for the quality of life of women in perimenopause and postmenopause. The latter group is the least satisfi ed with their health and their social well-being. Perimenopausal women most negatively evaluate their environmental welfare.

6

Physical activity in postmenopausal women

80%

Gabriela Szufnara-Wójcik G. , Miłosz Boguszewski M. , Norbert Nizio N. , Justyna Wyszyńska J. , Justyna Drzał-Grabiec J.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2018

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nr 4

300-307

EN

Introduction. Menopause is the time when the female body goes through substantial endocrine changes resultant from the gradual phasing out of the reproductive activity of the ovaries. Consequently, post-menopausal women face some perimenopausal symptoms. These symptoms affect everyday physical and psychological functioning to various extent, and result in certain limitations. Aim. The aim of this paper was to study which limitations are most difficult for postmenopausal women, and how menopause symptoms affect women’s physical activity and satisfaction with life, as these are important components of quality of life. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 postmenopausal women. We used our own questionnaire. Results. We did not find the remaining relationships enumerated in research questions: the impact of menopausal syndromes on the frequency of physical activity, on its intensity, and on satisfaction with life, nor with the impact of subjective health on intensity of physical effort. Conclusions. We confirmed the relationship between intensity of physical effort and satisfaction with life and the relationship between subjective assessment of one’s health and the frequency of physical activity.

7

A short-term survey on menopausal transition in selected urban and rural areas in West Bengal, India

80%

Ghosh S.

World Scientific News

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2022

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tom 169

1-13

EN

Menopause denotes the permanent cessation of menstruation due to loss of ovarian follicular activity resulting in permanent amenorrhoea. It represents transitional reproductive ageing. Dropping of female hormones like Oestrogen and Progesterone levels is noticed during this phase. It may occur either naturally (usually at the age of 45-55 years universally) or by the influence of inducing factors (surgery or radiation or chemotherapy etc.). Epidemiological surveys issuing the menopausal onset age and problems is of utter importance as early menopause often gets associated with increased cardiovascular risk, obesity and osteoporosis and delayed menopause may lead to accelerated risk of breast cancer and endometrial cancer. Present study had dealt with a community based cross sectional random survey if six months’ duration. The study population was composed of middle aged women (40-55 years) from urban and rural field practice area. The survey was based on a study over a pre tested questionnaire and the data obtained was presented as percentages and average values. From the survey, the average age of onset of menopause was found to be around 46 years. Associated symptoms included hot flushes, fatigue, cold sweat, muscle pain, lack of memory, sleeping disorder, genital problems (itching, vaginal dryness, bladder problems etc.), diabetes, osteoporosis, hypertension, joint pain, emotional problems (depression, irritation) etc. Arrangements for provision of relevant health service education promotion activities for reproductive health management are very urgent for the Indian women belonging to all the levels of socioeconomic background.

8

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Composition in Postmenopausal Women

80%

Moreira H. , Passos B. , Rocha J. , Reis V. , Carneiro A. , Gabriel R.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2014

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tom 43

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nr 1

139-148

EN

The object of the study was to analyze the relationship between aerobic fitness and body composition in postmenopausal women. We hypothesized that postmenopausal women that had higher adiposity had lower cardiorespiratory capacity, regardless of the characteristics of menopause. The sample included 208 women (57.57 ± 6.62 years), whose body composition and the basal metabolic rate were evaluated by octopolar bioimpedance (InBody 720) and the oxygen uptake by the modified Bruce protocol. Most of the sample showed obesity and a high visceral fat area. The visceral fat area and the basal metabolic rate explained 30% of the variation of oxygen uptake, regardless of age, time, nature or hormone therapy. The values of the latter variables were reduced in the presence of high central adiposity (-6.16 ml/kg/min) and the basal metabolic rate of less than 1238 kcal/day (-0.18 ml/kg/min). The women with oxygen uptake above 30.94 ml/kg/min showed lower values of total and central adiposity when compared with other groups. With an increase of aerobic fitness, there was a growing tendency of the average values of the soft lean mass index, with differences between the groups low-high and moderate-high. These results suggest worsening of the cardiorespiratory condition with an increase of central adiposity and a decrease of the BMR, regardless of age and menopause characteristics.

9

Analysis of quality of life women in menopause period in Poland

80%

Krajewska-Ferishah K. , Krajewska-Kułak E. , Wiktor H. , Terlikowski S.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2011

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tom 1

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nr 2

52-58

EN

Introduction: Menopause is a normal, natural event—defined as the final menstrual period and usually confirmed when a woman has missed her periods for 12 consecutive months. Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the climacteric symptoms, and the quality of life of women in the menopausal period. Material and methods: The study was conducted in 241 women in age over 40 years. The Polish version of the MRS scale, the Kupperman index, The Beck Depression Scale and a self-administered questionnaire were used. Results: 83.4% thought that menopause is not a disease, and 34.2% considered that the symptoms of menopause are caused by genetics. The majority of the respondents (91.2%) heard about the hormonal treatment of menopause. According to 60.2% hormone replacement therapy during menopause is not needed, and 43.3% reported that it carries some risk. The average value of the Kupperman index was 14.8 ± 8.6, and the Beck Depression Scale was 10.5 ± 7.9. Almost 40% of the respondents had no depression symptoms. The Menopause Rating Scale score per subscale was as follows psychological symptoms:4.8 ± 3.4, somatic: 4.9 ± 3.0, urogenital and sexual symptoms: 2.5 ± 2.4. The Kupperman index was higher among women were no longer menstruating. Conclusions: Most of the women perceived menopause as a period at which the expiration of ovarian function. Hot flashes, irritability, lack of energy, vaginal dryness and reduced libido were more frequently reported. Most of the respondents assessed positively their quality of life

10

Impact of climacteric and depressive symptoms on the quality of life of postmenopausal women

80%

Pawlak I. , Wolińska W. , Mroczek B.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2016

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nr 3

325-331

11

Somatic, mood, and vasomotor symptoms at midlife in relation to family structure and household workloads in Sylhet, Bangladesh

70%

Sharmeen T. , Sievert L. L. , Begum K. , Chowdhury O. , Muttukrishna S. , Bentley G. R.

Anthropological Review

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2013

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tom 76

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nr 2

199-216

EN

The purpose of this study was to test whether the frequencies of vasomotor, somatic, and emotional symptoms at midlife were associated with household composition or workloads. Patrilocal family arrangements are common in Bangladesh and, since mothers-in-law hold a position of power vis-à-vis their daughters-in-law, we hypothesized that living with a mother-in-law would increase the likelihood of symptoms at midlife, while living with a daughter-in-law would decrease likelihood of symptoms. We also hypothesised that women with high levels of household workloads would be more likely to report symptoms associated with midlife. Women aged 35-59 living in Sylhet, Bangladesh, (n=157) participated in interviews and anthropometric measures. Symptom frequencies during the past two weeks were collected. Household workloads were computed as minutes spent in housework, caring for dependents, and cooking. Daily values were multiplied by times per week the activity was carried out. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between family composition, workloads, and symptoms. Dizzy spells, nervous tension, lack of energy, aches/stiffness in joints, and trouble sleeping were most frequent. Hot flashes were reported by 46% of participants. Women spent more hours caring for dependents than cooking or doing housework. The likelihood of hot flashes increased with time spent in housework and cooking, with daughters in the household, and with chewing betel nut. Daughters-in-law in the household decreased the likelihood of hot flashes. The likelihood of nervous tension increased with peri-menopausal status, stress, and sons in the household, and decreased with more hours spent caring for dependents. The frequency of somatic symptoms and depressed mood exceeded the frequency of hot flashes. Household composition and workloads were more important than menopausal status in explaining variation in symptom frequencies. After controlling for other variables, the presence of mothers-in-law did not increase the likelihood of reporting symptoms at midlife; however, the presence of a daughter-in-law reduced the likelihood of hot flashes, perhaps because of fewer hours spent on housework and cooking.

12

The reproductive parameters, lifestyle and health factors in relation to physiological menopausal symptoms in Slovak women

70%

Luptáková L. , Siváková D. , Michnová A. , Čerňanová V. , Cvíčelová M. , Danková Z.

Anthropological Review

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2013

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tom 76

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nr 2

217-228

EN

Menopause is associated with various physiological symptoms which can be related to the most common health problems in menopausal women and a decrease in their quality of life. Determinants of experiencing menopausal symptoms are complex because they include reproductive, environmental, lifestyle and social factors. The aim of this study is to assess whether selected reproductive, lifestyle and health factors are associated with the occurence of hot flushes, night sweats, palpitations, dizzy spells and/or pins and needles in the hands and feet. A total of 346 women aged between 39 and 59 years living in Slovakia were recruited for this cross-sectional survey. Data on menopausal symptoms and potential confounders were collected by questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis revealed an independent effect of peri-/postmenopausal status and depressed mood on the manifestation of hot flushes. Analysis results for night sweats were significant for age, depressed mood and current smoking at p<0.05 while, of all input parameters, only age and depressed mood were significant predictors of palpitations. Logistic regression also revealed the effect of sport and depressed mood on dizzy spells. Depressed women, (B=0.677) and those who did not participate in sporting activities (B= -0.969) suffered more often from dizzy spells. Pins and needles in hands and feet were influenced by peri-/postmenopausal status (B=1.036), by higher numbers of pregnancy (B=0.260) and depressed mood (B=0.505). Potentially modifiable factors, such as current smoking, lack of sport, depressed mood and the number of pregnancies can predispose a woman to a higher prevalence of some of these physiological menopausal symptoms.

13

Physical activity in perimenopausal women

70%

Makara-Studzinska M. , Krys-Noszczyk K. M.

Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research

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2015

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tom 09

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nr 1

EN

Introduction. The menopausal age of women is characterized by a high probability of health problems related with oestrogen deficiency and reduced ovarian hormonal activity. The most significant element in the therapy of the menopausal problems is to take part in physical activity on at least a moderate level, which is sufficient to maintain health. Objective. To investigate the effect of physical activity on the severity of the symptoms of menopause and body mass index BMI, which can decisively influence menopause. Material and methods. A group of respondents consisting of 210 women aged between 45–65 who were not using hormone replacement therapy, and staying at a rehabilitation centre. The study was conducted in 2013–2014 in the provinces of Silesia, Podlasie and Malopolska. Research tools consisted of a self-designed survey questionnaire and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Results. Mean BMI indicated overweight of the women and their infrequency and low level participation in physical activity. The intensity of menopausal symptoms increased with BMI, and low physical activity of the respondents decreased with age. Increase in the intensity of physical activity decreased the severity of symptoms characteristic for menopausal age. Conclusions. Physical activity can play an important role in reducing menopausal symptoms and preventing the most frequently occurring diseases of menopausal age.

14

Phytoestrogens use by Polish women

70%

Korzeniowska K. , Cieślewicz A. , Pawlaczyk M. , Pawlaczyk M. , Jabłecka A.

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research

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2018

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tom 75

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nr 4

929-935

EN

Objective: to evaluate knowledge about phytoestrogens among Polish menopausal women, and to assess their applicability and safety. Methods: The study included 300 women from the Wielkopolska Region, aged 40-60 years. The questionnaire was designed especially for the study. Crosstabulation tables and Perason’s chi-squared test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: 147 respondents continued to menstruate. Hormone Replacement Therapy was used by 69 subjects; 114 respondents, used phytoestrogens. The place of inhabitance influenced the reasons for not using phytoestrogens. Media, healthcare providers and personnel were the main source of information about phytoestrogens. Most of respondents perceived phytoestrogens as substances displaying a beneficial effect on health. 69% of the subjects reported positive effects of non-hormonal preparations for the relief of climacteric symptoms, mainly reduction in hot flushes and alleviation of joint pain. Conclusions: Our results support the postulate of efficacy and safety of phytoestrogen use to relieve climacteric symptoms. Both education and place of inhabitance appear to affect the opinions of the affected females about phytoestrogen use during menopause.

15

The principle of system Corefit in rehabilitation of pelvic floor disorders for women in menopause period

70%

Żak I. , Saulicz E. , Linek P. , Saulicz M.

Physiotherapy and Health Activity

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2015

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tom 23

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nr 1

11-16

EN

Background: Pelvic floor dysfunctions, among which urinary incontinence is the most onerous symptom, pose a serious social problem whose significance is probable to grow together with the process of an ageing society and more frequent incontinence episodes in menopausal women. The growing absence of professionally active people suffering from incontinence is prone to result both from plans to raise the retirement age and the process of an ageing society. The concept of Corefit system has been created to meet the incontinent women’s expectations. The above mentioned system is based on an individualized sensomotoric training programme as well as the re-education of incorrect motor patterns resulting in pelvic floor muscle overload. What is also essential for Corefit system effectiveness is monitoring the process of facilitation, which enables constant training plan correction.

16

The variability of body composition characteristics in pre- and postmenopausal women from Slovakia

70%

Danková Z. , Siváková D. , Lenka Luptáková L. , Marta Cvíčelová M. , Čerňanová V.

Anthropological Review

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2014

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tom 77

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nr 1

67-76

EN

Various changes in body composition and body fat distribution are accompaniments of biological ageing, presented mostly in the middle age and significantly notable during the menopause transition. This study aimed to examine the effect of menopausal status on body composition characteristics in 368 apparently healthy women aged 38-61 years. Bioelectrical parameters were measured with a bioimpedance monofrequency analyser (BIA 101) and bioelectric impedance vector analysis (BIVA) was used to analyse tissue electric properties. Data dealing with menopausal status and symptoms as well as life style variables were obtained by the Menopause specific questionnaire. Statistical analysis adjusted for age did not show differences either in the body composition characteristics or in the nutrition and obesity indices between pre- and post-menopausal women. Regression analyses pointed on statistically significant effect (p<0.05) of physical exercise on Xc (B=2.353), FM % (B=-1.746) and MM % (B=1.201), of hypertension on R (B=-22.381), FM % (B=4.468), MM % (B=-2.306), of smoking on Xc (B=1.835), FM % (B=-1.227), MM % (B=0.767), of muscle and joint ache on the FM % (B=1.923) and on MM % (B=-1.061). The age had impact on Xc (B=-13.468) and on the phase angle (B=-1.320). To conclude, in our study group of pre- and postmenopausal Slovak women, age, health and life style factors seem to have more important effect on the body composition characteristics than menopausal status alone

17

Association of menopausal symptoms with obesity in Slovak women

70%

Luptáková L. , Siváková D. , Čerňanová V. , Cvíčelová M. , Danková Z.

Anthropological Review

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2014

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tom 77

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nr 1

57-66

EN

A lot of midlife women experience a great deal of menopausal symptoms. Their frequency within a given population may vary and depend on several factors such as age, menopausal status, health factors, including obesity. This study aims to investigate the incidence of menopausal symptoms among obese and non-obese midlife women, and to evaluate contribution of obesity as predisposing factor for menopausal symptoms to their manifestation. The studied cohort consisted of 297 women ranging from 39 to 59 years of age. Among them there were 63 women with obesity (body mass index, BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) and of 39 women with abdominal obesity (waist to hip ratio, WHR>0.89). Women were recruited from the western and middle parts of Slovakia. All participants completed a menopause-specific questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken using the standard anthropometric techniques. All statistical computations were performed by the SPSS 17.0 software programme (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated that increase in facial hair was influenced by age (p<0.001) and obesity (p=0.015). Low backache was influenced by WHR (p=0.031), obesity (p=0.008) and cardiovascular disease (p=0.024). The significant impact of BMI was recorded on the involuntary urination (p=0.002). The menopausal symptom „more clumsy then usual“ was influenced by marital status (p=0.044), hypertension (p=0.021) and the presence of cardiovascular disease (p=0.023). We investigated the effect of menopausal status (p=0.010) and abdominal obesity (p=0.035) on the loss of sexual interest. Herein we present evidence that obesity could be involved in menopausal symptomatology among Slovak midlife women. We demonstrate that obese women have a higher susceptibility to increase in facial hair and backache, and women with abdominal obesity to loss of sexual interest.

18

The level of physical activity of women during COVID-19 pandemic

60%

Dąbrowska-Galas M. , Szymańska J.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

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2022

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nr 76

147-151

EN

INTRODUCTION: It is known that regular physical activity (PA) brings many health benefits. However, during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) pandemic the lifestyle, everyday work, social behavior, quality of life, ways and forms of spending free time changed. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of PA in menopausal women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study material consisted of 126 women before the onset of the pandemic and 114 women during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was carried out in the area of Silesia. The research tool was a short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). RESULTS: A statistically significant correlation was observed in the case of a difference in the moderate level of PA (627.32 MET-min/week before COVID-19 and 138.6 during COVID-19, p = 0.01) and walking (1952.25 MET-min/week before COVID-19 and 422.63 MET-min/week during COVID-19, p = 0.03). The results showed that the time devoted to moderate PA decreased statistically. The mean days decreased from 2.8 to 0.96 (p = 0.02) and the mean duration of moderate PA decreased from 39.92 to 15.61 minutes (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the level of PA in menopausal women. The respondents exercised much less often and the time devoted to PA was also shortened. The subjects most often chose walking as the form of PA.

PL

WSTĘP: Regularna aktywność fizyczna (physical activity – PA) niesie za sobą wiele korzyści zdrowotnych. Jednak pod-czas pandemii COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) zmieniły się styl życia, codzienna praca, zachowania społeczne, jakość życia, sposoby i formy spędzania wolnego czasu. Celem badania była ocena wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na poziom PA kobiet w okresie okołomenopauzalnym. MATERIAŁ I METODY: Materiał badawczy stanowiło 126 kobiet przed wybuchem pandemii i 114 kobiet podczas pandemii COVID-19. Badania prowadzono na terenie Śląska. Narzędziem badawczym były skrócone wersje Międzynarodowego Kwestionariusza Aktywności Fizycznej (International Physical Activity Questionnaire – IPAQ) oraz Skali Oceny Menopauzy (Menopause Rating Scale – MRS). WYNIKI: Istotną statystycznie korelację zaobserwowano w przypadku różnicy w umiarkowanym poziomie PA (627,32 MET-min/tydzień przed COVID-19 i 138,6 podczas COVID-19, p = 0,01) i chodzeniu (1952,25 MET-min/tydzień przed COVID-19 i 422,63 MET-min/tydzień podczas COVID-19, p = 0,03). Wyniki pokazały, że statystycznie uległ skróceniu czas poświęcany na umiarkowaną PA. Średnia liczba dni zmniejszyła się z 2,8 do 0,96 (p = 0,02), a średni czas trwania umiarkowanej PA z 39,92 do 15,61 minuty (p < 0,001). WNIOSKI: Pandemia COVID-19 istotnie wpłynęła na poziom PA kobiet w okresie okołomenopauzalnym. Kobiety ćwiczyły znacznie rzadziej, skrócono również czas poświęcany na PA. Jako formę PA badane najchętniej wybierały chód.

19

Stress at the place of work and cognitive functions among women performing intellectual work during peri- and post-menopausal period

60%

Gujski M. , Pinkas J. , Juńczyk T. , Pawełczak-Barszczowska A. , Raczkiewicz D. , Owoc A. , Bojar I.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2017

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tom 30

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nr 6

943-961

EN

Objectives The analysis of the relationship between stress at work and results of cognitive functions amongst women, at peri- and post-menopausal age, performing intellectual work. Material and Methods The study group included women, aged 45–66 years old, employed as intellectual workers. Research instruments were: the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; computer tests of the CNS Vital Signs; the Subjective Work Characteristics Questionnaire, and a questionnaire designed by the author. The results were statistically analyzed. Results Nearly a half of respondents experienced high stress at the place of work; 1/3 – on the average level, on a low level – every fifth. The largest number of respondents experienced stress caused by social contacts. Among a half of the women, stress was caused by the lack of awards at work, followed by the lack of support. Slightly fewer of them experienced stress caused by the feeling of psychological load related to the complexity of work or the feeling of uncertainty caused by the organization of work. Every third woman experienced stress due to the sense of responsibility or the lack of control. The smallest number experienced stress caused by physical arduousness, the sense of threat and unpleasant working conditions. The examined women obtained the best results with respect to simple attention, the worst results – with respect to the reaction time. The results concerning the remaining 9 cognitive functions were ranked in the middle of the aforementioned results. The intensity of stress at work and factors which caused this stress, negatively correlated with simple attention of women in the early peri-menopausal period, while positively correlating with the psychomotor and processing speed of women in the late peri-menopausal period. Among the post-menopausal women, negative correlations were observed between the majority of cognitive functions and the intensity of stress at work, and the majority of factors which caused this stress. Conclusions Cognitive functions of the examined women remained within the range of average evaluations, and were correlated with stress-inducing factors at the place of work. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6):943–961

20

Polish Women 50+: How do We Age?

60%

Ostrowska A.

Polish Sociological Review

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2011

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tom 172

|

nr 4

411-428

EN

The article presents women’s ageing in Poland as a biological, psychological, and socio-cultural process. It also points out some of the differences in relation to men’s ageing. The object of a detailed study is the situation of women in the 51–60 age group, i.e. in the period when women of “mature age” become “older.” This period is particularly interesting both because of the women’s feelings and the social pressure to which they are subjected.