Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Social-insurance pension systems as public goods

100%

Meszaros J.

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nr 3

275-288

EN

The study shows how the present social-security pension systems, assuming methodological individualism and employing the apparatus of repeated games, are in a multiple prisoner's dilemma situation. The study analyses this by formulating and proving three propositions: the dilemmas of demography, contribution payments, and the political class. These are confirmed using the so-called Selten thesis of repeated-game theory.

2

The system of income tax in Hungary

100%

Meszaros J.

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nr 1

81-99

EN

Various stances have been formulated as to the necessary and possible directions of the alteration of the taxation system. According to certain standpoints, the income taxes should be reduced; some argue that the present taxation system is not progressive enough, while others insist on a profound transformation and a conceptual turn. The article demonstrates that the changes in the income taxation system have been beneficial to the better off, and on family level the tax burden is higher to the families with children than to those without children.

3

The theory of rational decisions and social sciences

100%

Meszaros J.

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nr 4

427-451

EN

In social sciences action theories and the definitions of actions play a central role. Largely simplifying in the later discussion, it is only important to us that the application area of the theory of rational choice is a subset of instrumentally rational action. In our opinion the theory of rational choice is only applicable to the other types of action in an unnatural way and with very strong transpositions. Although we can state that this filed of application is a very narrow segment of human action, the current scientific explanations mainly concern this narrow segment (at least according to most followers of the theory). We would like to underline that the most important property of this theory is that it enables the use of mathematical methods and this way the micro-level foundation of certain social sciences. It is enough to refer here to the triumphal march of economics or the very successful - but largely criticised - application of the theory in sociology.

4

Badanie wpływu niektórych neurochormonów i środków psychotropowych na czynność bioelektryczną ośrodkowego układu nerwowego i zachowanie mrówek (Formica rufa L)

51%

Kostowski W. , Beck J. , Meszaros J.

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nr 1

5

Zastosowanie nowej metody do wykrywania beta-laktamaz o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym [ESBLs]

51%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

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2002

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tom 54

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nr 3

225-231

PL

Z próbek materiału klinicznego wyosobniono 260 szczepów Gram-ujemnych pałeczek, które zidentyfikowano jako ESBL-dodatnie metodą dwóch krążków (DDST). Wszystkie szczepy oznaczono za pomocą nowej metody (DD) służącej do wykrywania beta-laktamaz o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym z użyciem krążka z cefpodoksymem oraz krążka diagnostycznego z cefpodoksymem i kwasem klawulanowym (CD 01). Zgodność wyników oznaczeń dla obu metod dotyczyła 60,4% badanych szczepów.

EN

The aim of performed examinations was to compare results of two methods applied for the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Two hundred and sixty strains of Gram-negative rods were cultured from clinical specimens obtained from hospitalized patients. These strains were identified as ESBL-positive on the basis of double-disc method (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. (1988) results. Identification of strains performed in automatic ATB Expression system (bioMerieux, France). All strains were determined using a novel test for detection of ESBL-type enzymes (DD) according to Appleton (1999). Two discs are applied in this test: with cefpodoxime (CPD) and with cefpodoxime/clavulanate (CD 01, diagnostic disc). Consistent results of two methods (DDST and DD) were obtained in the case of 166 from among 260 of examined strains (60.4%). Consistent results concerned 161 out of 222 examined strains of enteric rods (72.5%) and only 5 from among 38 of other strains (mostly belonging to the group of non-fermenting rods). On the basis of performed investigations it can he stated that the novel method of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) detection (DD) according to Appleton (1999) is more objective and easier for interpretation than the double-disc synergy test (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. (DDST), which is widely applied in the routine microbiological diagnostics.

6

Porownanie wynikow krazkowo-dyfuzyjnych metod stosowanych do wykrywania ESBL-dodatnich szczepow paleczek Gram-ujemnych

51%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

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nr 1

49-55

PL

Przedmiot badań stanowiło 120 klinicznych szczepów ESBL-dodatnich pałeczek Gram-ujemnych. Aktywność ESBL u tych szczepów wykryto przy zastosowaniu dwóch metod: DDST (metoda dwóch krążków) i DD (metoda krążka diagnostycznego). W teście DD użyto krążków z cefpodoksymem oraz z cefpodoksymem i kwasem klawulanowym (pierwszy wariant - CPD/CD 01). Następnie szczepy sprawdzono pod kątem wytwarzania ESBL stosiyąc kolejne dwa warianty metody krążka diagnostycznego: drugi (CAZ/CD 02) i trzeci (CTX/CD 03). W przypadku kilku szczepów zaobserwowano niezgodności wyników oznaczeń wykonanych za pomocą różnych metod krążkowo-dyfuzyjnych.

EN

Examinations were undertaken to compare the results of disc diffusion tests applied for detection of strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). A total of 120 clinical strains were used in experiments. These strains were determined as ESBL-positive on the basis of consistent results of two methods: the double disc synergy test (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. (1988) and the diagnostic disc test (DD, version CPD/CD 01) according to Appleton (1999). In the next step examined strains were analysed in two further tests, which are variants of DD method: CAZ/CD 02 test with discs containing ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, and CTX/CD 03 test with the use of cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs. ESBL-positive strains first of all belonged to the species E. coli and K. pneumoniae. In the case of seven analysed strains consistent results of determinations were not obtained with the use of different disc diffusion methods. Application of several disc diffusion methods to determine ESBL-positive strains of Gram-negative rods increases the probability of their proper identification.

7

Suszenie ziarna energią uzyskaną ze spalania biomasy

51%

Jech J. , Sosnowski S. , Meszaros J.

Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa

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2008

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tom 10

8

Zastosowanie metody Etest do oznaczania lekowrazliwych bakterii beztlenowych

45%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Kot K. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

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nr 2

167-175

PL

Oznaczono lekowrażliwość 100 szczepów bakterii beztlenowych metodą E- test. Zastosowano paski Etest zawierające klindamycynę, metronidazol, piperacylinę, piperacylinę z tazobaktamem oraz imipenem. Określono wartości MIC każdego leku dla wszystkich szczepów. Wykryto po 10 szczepów opornych na klindamycynę, piperacylinę i imipenem. Siedem szczepów było opornych na metronidazol, a dwa szczepy na piperacylinę skojarzoną z tazobaktamem.

EN

The aim of this study was to evaluate Etest usefulness for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of obligate anaerobes and to compare the activity of five antibacterial drugs against clinical strains of anaerobes. One hundred strains of obligate anaerobes were tested: 2 reference strains (B. fragilis ATCC 25285 and B. thetaiotaomicron ATCC 29741) and 98 clinical strains isolated from patients of the Infant Jesus Clinical Hospital - Center for Trauma Treatment in Warsaw during the last three years (1997-1999). Strains of seven genera of obligate nonsporeforming anaerobes (Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Propionibacterium and Actinomyces) and strains of two sporeforming species (C. perfringens and C. difficile) were examined. The MIC values were determined by the gradient diffusion method Etest (AB BIODISK, Sweden). Wilkins-Chalgren solid medium supplemented with 5% of sheep blood was used. Test plates were incubated at 35°C for 48 hours in glove-box (85% N2, 10% H2, 5% C02). The MIC values for each strain and antimicrobial agent, and the MIC ranges for bacteria of the same species were established. Ten strains resistant to clindamycin, ten resistant to piperacillin, and ten resistant to imipenem were detected. Seven strains were resistant to metronidazole and two strains to piperacillin combined with tazobactam. Tazobactam restored the susceptibility of eight strains to piperacillin. Obtained results confirm that Etest method is useful for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of obligate anaerobes. Older (clindamycin and metronidazole) and newer (piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem) antimicrobial agents revealed high and comparable activity against clinical strains of obligate anaerobes. The percentage of strains susceptible to tested antimicrobials was ≥ 90. These antimicrobials may be still useful in the empiric treatment of infections caused by medically important anaerobes.

9

Wrażliwość ESBL-dodatnich szczepów klinicznych pałeczek G- na beta-laktamowe i nie-beta-laktamowe leki przeciwbakteryjne

45%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Mielczarczyk J. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

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nr 4

10

Wrazliwosc na wybrane chemioterapeutyki szczepow Staphylococcus aureus opornych na metycyline izolowanych z materialu klinicznego w latach 1991-1992 i w roku 1997

32%

Kochman M. , Fordymacki P. , Lawrynowicz-Paciorek M. , Kaluzewski S. , Meszaros J. , Polowniak-Pracka H. , Ochman E. , Sztandar-Sztanderska M.

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tom 51

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nr 3-4

187-198