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1
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EN
It has been over 25 years since the new system was created in Poland. This is a reason to draw conclusions and answer the question: how satisfied are people with the functioning of democracy in our country? The measures of the condition of democracy include: the functioning of democracy, of the judiciary, of health care, education at all levels and the state of the economy. The empirical basis for this article is the research material gathered in the ‘Revival of post-industrial cities.’ project covering a representative group of 700 citizens of Lodz and 437 citizens of Ivanowo. The project was undertaken with the financial resources of the National Centre for Science in 2011-2014, the survey being conducted in 2012 and 2013.
PL
Minęło ponad 25 lat budowania nowego systemu w Polsce. Jest to pretekst do podsumowań i odpowiedzi na pytanie badawcze: na jakim poziomie kształtuje się zadowolenie z funkcjonowania demokracji w naszym kraju? Do omawianych wymiarów kondycji demokracji zaliczono: funkcjonowanie demokracji, funkcjonowanie wymiaru sprawiedliwości, funkcjonowanie opieki zdrowotnej, szkolnictwa wszystkich szczebli oraz stan gospodarki. Podstawę empiryczną prezentowanych danych stanowią wyniki reprezentatywnych badań ilościowych zebranych w ramach projektu „Odrodzenie postprzemysłowych miast peryferyjnych” na próbie 700 dorosłych mieszkańców Łodzi. Projekt realizowany był ze środków finansowych Narodowego Centrum Nauki w latach 2011-2014, z kolei badania surveyowe przeprowadzono pod koniec 2012 i na początku 2013 r. Wyniki badania potwierdzają niski poziom zadowolenia z kondycji funkcjonowania demokracji i jego poszczególnych komponentów. Cechą społeczno-demograficzną najbardziej różnicującą stosunek łodzian do demokracji okazał się wiek respondentów.
2
Content available remote The Role of Lodz Festivals in Promoting Adventure Tourism
94%
EN
This article discusses the role of two Lodz festivals (the Explorers Festival and the Wreck Diving Festival) in promoting adventure tourism and developing tourism in a postindustrial city such as Lodz.
EN
Urban regeneration, which is increasingly having to include methods of adapting urban areas to escalating climate change, is one of the main challenges for the contemporary development of European cities, especially in densely built-up central areas. This multi-level process requires major financial outlays, which is why it is so important to identify the factors that ensure the effectiveness of implemented projects. This article attempts to define the meaning of the New Urbanism principle of connectivity, ensuring freedom of movement in the urban regeneration process. The conducted research has been intended to verify the hypothesis that improving connectivity is critical for the success of the processes of regenerating and improving resilience in degraded urban fabric. The research was conducted using the area regeneration of the centre of Lodz as an example, being the largest project of this type in Poland. The analyses were made by comparing the current status, based on an inventory of the existing situation, and the planned status on the basis of design documentation. The research demonstrates that increasing connectivity will improve the accessibility of properties located within municipal quarters and will help obtain more attractive public spaces. The planned activities will also help bolster climate change in the location by increasing green areas, improving the use of wasteland, and by developing a network of green infrastructure. The execution of the revitalisation project in the centre of Lodz will not only improve the quality of space, but will also increase the resilience of the intensively urbanised inner-city areas to climate change.
EN
Horrors of the First World War affected the life of all citizens of Lodz, especially the young ones. Victualing-related problems led to a phenomenon of hunger and numerous strictly connected diseases. Various charity organizations tried to help children from Lodz, for example by organizing countryside excursions for them. The children took part both in a few-week summer stays, as well as in a few-month visits to the countryside. One of the main aims set by the organizers was to improve the overall well-being of children by providing them with proper nutrition. Even though the children staying in the countryside were required to work and help farmers, some positive influence of the aforementioned stays was frequently indicated.
12
Content available Audio Description in Fine Arts
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EN
This article is about audio description of works of art. The term audio description is defined at the beginning of the text, next there is a description of how AD began in the United States and in Poland. After that, the types of AD in works of art and the rules of its creating are presented. The following paragraphs are about translating paintings through the senses, that is the hearing (ekphrasis, soundpainting), the touch (miniature models, typhlographies, touch tours) the smell or the taste (specially prepared fragrance or taste composition). The article finishes with the author looking at AD in plastic arts in Muzeum Sztuki in Łódź and the Museum of the City of Łódź.
EN
The article presents the problems of the Lodz Ghetto organized by the Germans during World War II and the role of the ghetto railway station - called Radegast Station. The author also describes the contemporary function of the station, paying particular attention to the initiative of the local authorities, which led to building a monument within its premises, commemorating the Holocaust of the Lodz Jewish population. Following that, the author presents the results of a survey conducted in the monument area in 2007, which allowed the local authorities' activity and its indirect influence on the image of Lodz to be assessed.
PL
W artykule omówiono zadania polityki przestrzennej i planu zagospodarowania przestrzennego Łodzi, które maję służyć tworzeniu warunków rozwoju. Podstawowe cele tej polityki to: zagwarantowanie proekologicznego charakteru rozwoju, doprowadzenie do restrukturyzacji obszarów zurbanizowanych i wykorzystanie materialnej tożsamości miasta. W wyróżnionych w planie trzech strefach - zurbanizowanej, niezurbanizowanej i wyodrębnionej na ich pograniczu strefie rozwoju - określono zróżnicowane cele i zasady polityki przestrzennej. Omówiono wreszcie instrumenty realizacji podstawowych funkcji planu - regulacyjnej i kreacyjnej.
EN
The aims of the physical policy and a physical management plan of a city involve above all the hampering of regression processes and - via a stability phase - the preparation of Łódż to go into a period of permanent development. The physical policy of the local self-government, defined by the plan, serves to create territorial conditions for development. The idea is to specify the principles to be followed as changes in the use of particular areas come about. To guarantee a general enhancement of the living conditions in a city, its functions and infrastructure, and with reference to the existing management status, it was determined that the basic policy objectives must satisfy the following conditions: - to guarantee the environmentally friendly nature of development; - to bring about the internal processes of restructuring urbanized areas and hamper their further uncontrollled expansion, - to use the material elements of the city's identity which result from its history and culture. All the assignments of a plan must be based on their reference to the existing use. Therefore, zonal records of assignments of the plan were adopted, and the plan was based on an analysis of the state of departure, with simultaneous confrontation with the development conceptions being adopted. In the existing use, two basic zones were distinguished: urbanized - municipal and nonurbanized - natural, despite the fact that in many cases the borders of these zones are not unambiguous and the zones interpenetrate. In these cases, their delimitation is subordinated to planning assignments. Out of the natural zone or the border area of the zones, a development zone, covering the areas which the plan assigns for urbanization, is separated. Within the framework of the three main zones distinguished in the master plan, there is considerable differentiation of detailed objectives and policies. The basic functions of the plan - regulation and creation - will be implemented using the following major instruments: procedures, planning, regulations, direct investment projects, economic and financial measures as well as information and promotion.
EN
Local governments play an important role in creating cultural security, both by protecting monuments, as well as by building and developing local identity. Local government should involve the local community in its activities, because only cooperation between local authorities and residents creates appropriate conditions for the development of local identity.
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