Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Selected nutritional behaviors and physical activity among elementary school children

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Zalewska M. , Zubrycki A. , Sosnowski Z. , Jamiołkowski J. , Zakrzewski M. , Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2017

|

tom 7(1)

131-136

EN

Introduction: Proper nutrition and physical activity are very important elements in the proper functioning and development of children. The lack of daily, systematic physical effort in younger and younger age groups is a public health problem. Purpose: To evaluate the nutrition and physical activity of children attending primary school. Materials and methods: The study was conducted among 707 pupils form randomly selected elementary schools using the authors’ own questionnaire in the school year 2013/2014. The questionnaire included questions on selected dietary habits and physical activity as well as the socio-economic conditions of the families. Results: Among the studied children, 88.6% consumed 4 or 5 meals a day. There was a statistically significant relationship between the number of meals consumed and the age of the children. Breakfast was consumed by 86.4% of children, more often residents of the city than the village (88.0% vs. 81.7%, p <0.05). Daily consum-ption of second breakfast was declared by 71.5% of boys and 74.2% of girls. The vast majority of the studied students (86.8%) have always taken part in physical education classes. Outdoor leisure time was declared by 75% of the surveyed children. Rural students showed greater involvement in outdoor activities than students from the city (86.1% vs. 70.2%, p <0.001). A total of 62.2% of boys and 51.8% of girls (p <0.05) participated in sports activities. Conclusions: Inappropriate nutrition and lack of physical activity affected both girls and boys, and the abnormalities were dependent on where they lived and were age-related.

2

Výživa u dětí s onemocněním srdce

100%

Gulášová I. , Babečka J. , Cetlová L.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2018

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nr 3(24)

107-115

EN

The authors point to balanced nutrition in children with heart disease, which is not easy at all in terms of age and nutrition, and with respect to the limitations of heart disease. heart disease in childhood is a very comprehensive set of diseases, including congenital malformations, arrhythmias, valvular defects, hypertension. Congenital heart defects include situations where the heart attack is present at birth. In the czech republic approximately 500 children with heart defect are born annually. The aim of the paper is to make recommendations on how to properly choose the right foods for children with heart disease. it is important to exclude industrially produced salt foods, limiting salt and fat intake. These measures can be approached very individually with respect to the child‘s age, surgery, associated dg., medication. The whole family should always be involved so that the child does not suffer, it is not our intention to psychically distract the child. it should also take into account age, sex. a mildly reducing diet if overweight or obesity is always a risk! in the case of a very young child, such as breast-fed infants, it is important for these measures to be followed by a nursing mother. Nutrition is most important not only for children with heart disease, because they may need to take care of themselves in order to prevent their condition from becoming fatal at the end, as well as prevention and healthy lifestyle.

3

Eating habits of urban youth aged 16-18

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Zalewska M. , Zubrycki A. , Czarniecka-Bargłowska K. , Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2018

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tom 8(2)

55-61

EN

Introduction: Nutrition is one of the most essential factors conditioning normal human growth and development. Nutritional errors can be the basis for the emergence and development of obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis, osteoporosis or postural defects. Purpose: The study aimed to learn about the dietary habits of urban high-school youth. Materials and methods: The study was conducted using the original questionnaire in 2013 and covered 200 students of randomly selected high schools. Results: Among the subjects, 70.8% consumed 4 or 5 meals during the day. The boys have eaten five meals significantly more often during the day than girls. The first breakfast was consumed by 76.5% of students and the second breakfast with 69.7%. Of the subjects, 80% indicated the eating between meals. The girls preferred sweets, fruit, and sandwiches, and the boys had sandwiches, sweets, and dairy drinks. The highest percentage of the examined youth ate sweets 3-4 times a week (41.6% girls and 35.6% boys). The respondents who consumed fast food once a week constituted of 60.9% of girls and 48.7% of boys. The girls consumed sweetened drinks most often once a week, and boys 3-4 times a week. Conclusions: Nutritional errors of adolescents consisted of irregular consumption of meals, late time of the last meal before bedtime, consumption of a large number of sweet and spicy snacks and sweetened beverages were found. Wrong nutrition concerned both girls and boys

4

Snacking in children according to age

100%

Pac P. , Gładka A. , Maciorkowska M. , Zalewska M. , Musiałowski P. , Zakrzewski M. , Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2017

|

tom 7(1)

107-113

EN

Introduction: One of the major nutritional mistakes committed by children and adolescents is snacking between meals. Sweet or salty snacks are rich in simple sugars, fats, preservatives and dyes, and poor in minerals and vitamins. Their excessive consumption can lead to the development of diet-related diseases in the future. Purpose: To evaluate the nutrition of children and adolescents with a focus on snacking between meals. Materials and methods: The study included 162 students from Bialystok schools, of which primary school students accounted for 30.2%, junior high school 38.3%, high school 31.5%. The questionnaire used by the authors contained 27 questions. Results: Regular meals were consumed by only 55.1% of primary school students, 35.5% of junior high school, and 37.3% of high school students. Two and fewer meals a day were consumed by 1.6% to 5.8% of the students studied. First breakfast was omitted by 18.4% of the students in elementary school, 16.1% of junior high school, and 15.7% of high school. Second breakfast was omitted by 12.9% to 17.6% of the respondents.Sweet products instead of a second breakfast were consumed by 44.9% of primary school students, 61.3% of junior high school, and 64.7% of high school students. Snacking most often occurred in the respondents' home (69.4% of elementary school students, 43.5% of secondary level students, and 52.9% of high school students). Water in school was drunk by 85.7% of primary level students, 56.5% of junior high school, and 51.0% of high school. The main source of knowledge about nutrition for 61.2% of primary level students was the family, while television, radio, and the Internet were the main sources of knowledge for 62.7% of high school students. Conclusions: The regularity of eating in the study group decreased with the studied students’ age. The most popular products in the group of younger students were salty snacks and sweets. Healthy snacking was observed more frequently in the group of high school students. The main place of snacking was the home. The primary source of knowledge about nutrition for primary school students was the family and for high school students the mass media.

5

Analysis of body composition and physical fitness of futsal players at school age according to their level of physical activity, diet and body image

100%

Sánchez García C. , Zauder R. , López Sánchez G. F.

Atena Journal of Sports Sciences

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2019

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tom 1

4-4

EN

Objectives: Childhood and adolescence are stages in which changes occur both mentally and at a body level and in which habits are acquired that persist for many years in the child's life. The objective of the present study was to analyze body composition and physical fitness based on the practice of physical activity, diet and body image of soccer players at school age. Methods: The sample consisted of 41 players of Alcantarilla football with an average age of 13.12 ± 2.41 years. The following variables of body composition were evaluated: waist / hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), total body water (TBW), basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI). The physical fitness variables evaluated were: staircase test, resting heart rate (HR), diastolic blood pressure (SBP) and systolic blood pressure (DBP), Course Navette (CN; stage, distance, speed), VO2max, HRmax, HR 1.5, 3 and 5 min post-CN, maximum oxygen saturation (SO2max), SO2 3 and 5 min post-CN. The diet was evaluated using the KIDMED Mediterranean diet adherence questionnaire. Physical activity was assessed using the PACE questionnaire. The body image was analyzed using the Stunkard silhouettes. Findings: The results showed that both the basal metabolic rate (p = 0.002) and the resting systolic blood pressure (p = 0.000) were significantly higher in active subjects than in inactive subjects. Regarding diet, BMI was significantly lower in subjects with a poor diet (p = 0.06) in comparison to subjects with an optimal diet. Finally, according to the body image, the Course Navette result was significantly higher in those who wanted to be larger than in those who were satisfied or wished to lose weight. Conclusions: Therefore, it is recommended to carry out intervention programs to improve the level of physical activity, diet and body image, as this will have a positive effect on body composition and physical fitness.

6

Dietary intake of specific phenolic compounds and their effect on the antioxidant activity of daily food rations

88%

Koch W. , Baj T. , Kukula-Koch W. , Marzec Z.

Open Chemistry

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2015

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tom 13

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nr 1

EN

The determination of phenolic acids’ and flavonoids’ content in daily food rations (DFRs) of a selected group of male and female students and the development of chromatographic conditions is the primary goal of the study. The presence of 7 phenolic components were confirmed in the prepared extracts from all diets reconstructed within a period of 3 years. The highest concentrations were determined for hesperidin (124 and 55.6 mg for women and men, respectively), naringin (47.6 mg in female and 37 mg in male diets) and chlorogenic acid (19.7 and 19.8 mg for women and men). The antioxidant potential of the daily food rations, measured with a DPPH test, was higher for women (range 47.1‒78.8%) than for men (range 34.5‒78.0%) and was found to strongly correlate with the total phenolics content of the samples (Folin-Ciocalteu test) (correlation coefficient 0.90).

7

Assessment of Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere Region of Plantain

88%

Teke E. C. , Akowei J. S.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2023

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tom 50

178-196

EN

The populations of microorganisms that exist around the roots of plantain in the various farm locations across Toru Orua metropolis of Bayelsa, Nigeria are different due to difference in ecological locations. This paper assessed the different microorganisms in the Rhizosphere region of the sample plantain. Roots samples collected in University of Africa Toru-Orua (UAT) farm, Angalabiri farm and Koroye farm contain high population of bacteria compared to other Area in Toru-orua. In those locations where we have higher population of microorganisms like UAT farm, Angalabirir farm and Koroye farm, there was evidence of good nutrition in those locations. So, microorganisms in essence characteristically enhance the nutrition of plants Nitrobacter winogradkyi was found in roots samples collected in UAT, Angalabiri and Koroye farm due to the presence of cover crops around the plantain. These varieties of fungi were also isolated. The fungal population follows the same trend. They include aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. These are the largest of all microorganisms in the soil. Others were Rhizobium, Nitrobacter, Winogradkyl, Azomona argillis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Practices that would enhance nutrition of the plants and the proliferation of bacteria and fungi around the roots of plantain are recommended such as organic matter accumulation in form of green manuring, zero tillage and non-use of chemicals and burning.

8

Nutrition in acute pancreatitis: a review

88%

Frutos V. , Herranz-Antolín S. , García-Martínez M.

Open Medicine

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2014

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tom 9

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nr 4

574-579

EN

We perform an update about nutritional measures that have been adopted in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). The nutritional support is an essential part of treatment in AP. When the AP is mild or moderate, there is no doubt that is not necessary to use an artificial nutritional support, and it is recommended that oral nutritional support should begin as soon as possible. If the AP is severe, the best way to provide nutritional support is through enteral nutritional (EN) because it reduces infection, length of hospitalization and mortality rate. Parenteral nutrition (PN) should be used only when EN is Impossible. However, there is no scientific evidence for recommending the most optimal route necessary to administer this type of nutritional support; we seek to uncover whether this is by gastric or jejunal route and the proper formula to use. There is an international agreement that the nutritional support should begin quickly, within the first 24 and 72 hours of hospitalization. As conclusion, more research needs to be done concerning nutritional support in AP, and many questions are not been answered yet.

9

REVIEW OF TRADITIONAL AND NATURAL METHODS OF TREATING ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

88%

Mieczkowski M. , Sieja K. , Stępień-Słodkowska M.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2016

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tom 16

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nr 4

67-75

EN

The most common form of dementia in the elderly population is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). World Health Organization (WHO) thus defines Alzheimer’s disease: “a set of neurodegenerative brain symptoms, resulting in progressive impairment of memory, thinking, cognition, counting, language, ability to learn and assessing situations, which disturb everyday life”. It usually develops in 65+-yearolds, and the risk of AD in 85+-year-olds is as high as 50%. It has become a considerable threat to the society, given the longer life expectancy and an increase in the retirement-aged population. AD prevention and treatment methods described in this paper are still being developed and perfected. Studies on genesis of the disease aim at comprehensive understanding of its causes. New, alternative treatment methods are still sough. Researchers develop and test biomarkers that could facilitate early diagnosis.

10

A nursing perspective of nutrition in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

75%

Lavdaniti M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2014

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tom 4

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nr 2

131-134

EN

Purpose: To present of an appropriate diet consists in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Materials and methods: A search was made in the Pubmed and Scopus databases for reports on nutrition and chemotherapy in cancer patients. There were used the following key words: nutrition, cancer, chemotherapy and the combination of them. Results: Nutritional problems of patients are caused by the same disease, the antitumor therapy and the patient's response to the diagnosis and treatment. Symptoms such as anorexia, changes in taste, nausea - vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis and constipation are common side effects of chemotherapy and can lead to inadequate food intake and consequently, malnutrition. There are many appropriate nursing interventions that alleviate the above symptoms. Conclusions: Nurse plays an important role in the care of patients who have been feeding problems receiving chemotherapy. Nutritional interventions are individualized and should be started immediately and incorporated into the care plan in order to be successful. In order this to be achieved; all patients should be assessed for nutritional problems and weight loss before starting treatment and after starting regularly.

11

Determination and correlation of physicochemical properties of aqueous extracts from edible portions of common tropical fruits

63%

Ejiako E. J. , Ngozi V. E. , Ebele M. S. , Wirnkor V. A. , Ehirim F.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2023

|

tom 47

104-114

EN

The quantity and quality of these constituent may not usually be the same under certain conditions, so fruits sold in Owerri where heavy pollutant abound were analysed, three samples of each water melon, Pawpaw, pineapple and orange fruits were bought from Owerri commercial centre and their juices extracted and stored in screw cap bottles prior to analysis. The physiochemical parameters revealed that fruits were of good quality but showed positive and negative significant relationship correlation ships such as pH-FW (0.958), pH-SG (-0.025), TS-MC (-0.999), TA-FW (-0.987). Vitamin C content ranged from 13.14 ± 0.39 mg/100g to 75.46 ±1.72 mg/100g for water melon and orange respectively. In conclusion, fruits studied showed good quality and a good source of vitamin C and mineral content. Such analysis needs to be carried out periodically to ensure quality and create awareness to the public.