Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Środki ochrony roślin dla uprawy psiankowatych do zastosowania przez użytkowników nieprofesjonalnych

100%

Sobczak J. , Matyjaszczyk E. , Szulc M.

Zagadnienia Doradztwa Rolniczego

|

2014

|

nr 3(77)

93-105

EN

The plant protection in allotments and home gardens is not without significance. The amateurs willingly use the possibilities of chemical protection against harmful organisms as evidenced by data concerning the consumption of plant protection products by unprofessional users. Currently, 69 preparations are available for the amateurs of which 23 products are used in the protection of nightshade plants including 14 fungicides, 6 insecticides and 3 herbicides. The number of registered preparations is small. The possibilities of protection against many significant pests are limited and in many cases there is no possibility of chemical protection. Lack or very limited possibilities of active substances rotations contribute to the development of resistance. Harmful organisms which are resistant in allotments or home gardens may be transmitted and contribute to the further development of resistance and consequently may cause economic losses in commercial crops.

2

Differences in the inheritance stability of kanamycin resistance between transgenic cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) containing two constructs

100%

Yin Z. , Szwacka M. , Malinowski R. , Malepszy S.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

2004

|

tom 45

|

nr 3

307-314

EN

A phenotypic segregation of kanamycin resistance conferred by nosnptII was investigated in two groups of transgenic cucumber lines one containing the PR-2duidA-nosnptII construct and the other with the thaumatinII-nosnptII construct to the third and fifth generation, respectively. Expression of the nptII gene was more stable and predictable in the progeny of the PR-2d lines than that of thaumatin lines. In T2 and T3 generations representing seven PR-2d primary transformants, 78% of the hemizygous progenies exhibited a segregation ratio consistent with Mendelian inheritance; non-Mendelian ratio occurred in the remaining 22%. Mendelian segregation was observed in 46% of the hemizygous progenies derived from 11 thaumatin primary transformants. The segregation ratio for two and three independent loci appeared in single PR-2d and thaumatin lines, respectively.

3

Genetic aspects of mastitis resistance in cattle

100%

Walawski K.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

1999

|

tom 40

|

nr 2

117-128

EN

Cattle breeding program for improvement of milk traits is accompanied by intensive changes in the structural and functional specificity of the animal organism. Assuming the hypothesis that the biological role of the female is to rear her progeny, it may be concluded that the extremely high milk productivity of the modern cow many-fold exceeds the physiological normal range. The mammary gland as a milk-producing highly effective bioreactor is exposed to the particularly strong influence of external and internal factors. Therefore, susceptibility to udder dysfunction generally called 'mastitis' causes great economical losses in highly productive cows. Mastitis is usually induced by a bacterial infection conveyed through the teat canal. The high variability of pathogens and diversity of environmental conditions cause difficulties in mastitis treatment. Antibiotic therapy does not give satisfactory results. Scientific research aims to recognize the heritable specificity of organism defence systems. Still, the currently used breeding selection procedures cannot be successful because natural resistance treated in categories of quantitative genetic variation shows a very low heritability and non-additive genotype-environment interaction. To overcome this problem, an alternative approach to detect a single gene with a high protective expression can be effective. The topics presented in this review include expression of lysozyme and lactoferrin in mammary gland tissue regarded as candidate gene for mastitis resistance as well as BoLA histocompatibility complex and milk protein polymorphic systems proposed as potential genetic markers of natural resistance in cattle.

4

Genetics of durable resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust of an Indian wheat cultivar HD2009

100%

Khanna R. , Bansal U. K. , Saini R. G.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

2005

|

tom 46

|

nr 3

259-263

EN

The Indian bread wheat cultivar HD2009 has maintained its partial resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in India since its release in 1976. To examine the nature, number and mode of inheritance of its genes for partial leaf rust and stripe rust resistance, this cultivar was crossed with cultivar WL711, which is susceptible to leaf rust and stripe rust. The F1, F2, F3 and F5 generations from this cross were assessed separately for adult plant disease severity under artificial epidemic of race 77-5 of leaf rust and race 46S119 of stripe rust. Segregation for rust reaction in the F2, F3 and F5 generations indicated that resistance to each of these rust diseases is based on 2 genes, each with additive effects. Although the leaf rust resistance of HD2009 is similar in expression to that conferred by the gene Lr34, but unlike the wheats carrying this gene, cultivar HD2009 did not show leaf tip necrosis, a morphological marker believed to be tightly linked to the leaf rust resistance gene Lr34. Thus, the non-hypersensitive resistance of HD2009 was ascribed to genes other than Lr34.

5

THE GROWTH OF CZECH FEMINISM: ANALYZING RESISTANCE ACTIVITIES THROUGH A GENDERED LENS, 1968 TO 1993

100%

Megan M.

Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)

|

2009

|

tom 10

|

nr 1

37-44

EN

This paper explores how women's roles and participation in resistance to Czechoslovak communism from 1968 to the Velvet Revolution serve as a base for Czech feminist thought. By examining three generations of participants through a gendered, Beauvoirian lens, the emergence of feminism can be easily charted through changing perceived gender roles and increased attention to gender issues. After the events of the Prague Spring, women from different groups of the Czechoslovak underground risked their own safety to exercise free speech and expression. Women's struggles for greater liberties were framed by traditional gender barriers, supposed communist equality, and Western influence. To understand the experiences of female dissidents as a base for Czech feminist thought, one must examine the nature and progression of various underground communities and women's roles within them. Since 1968, an increased emphasis on women's freedoms and liberties has helped create a unique, local sense of femininity and feminism.

6

Agrobacterium-mediated tomato transformation

100%

Bartoszewski G. , Niemirowicz-Szczytt K.

Biotechnologia

|

1998

|

nr 1

43-63

EN

Tomato is one of the model species used for crop transformation. The first transgenic tomato variety, known as Flavr Savr?, was approved for sale in the USA in 1994. The introduced trait of this cultivar is delayed ripening. In 1996, its acreage was reported to be 10,000 acres. Another variety characterised by delayed ripening is Endless Summer?, approved in 1995. There are some other cultivars with new traits, such as thicker skin, altered pectin or resistance to viruses (TSWV, ToMV) either approved or pending approval. In addition, a wide range of basic research on tomato transformation has been carried out, including studies on resistance to herbicides, viruses, fungi, bacteria, insects as well as on altered transcription regulation, ripening, carotenoid synthesis, level of auxines and cytokinines, carbohydrates, proteins and specific vaccines. Further improvement of tomato varieties is expected with the use of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

7

Kto się sprzeciwia różnorodności? o tożsamości uczestników ruchu nacjonalistycznego

100%

Kajta J.

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne

|

2013

|

tom 22

63-78

EN

Te paper focuses on the identity of a contemporary Polish nationalist movement. It is based on biographical narrative interviews which were carried out among members of three Polish nationalist organizations: the All Youth Polish, the National Rebirth of Poland and the National Radical Camp. Participants of nationalist movements mobilize themselves and protest against increasing diversity. Te contemporary Polish nationalism can be understood as the particular kind of cultural resistance to globalization, cultural diversifcation, lef- -wing activities. Te homosexuals and feminists seem to be their main opponents. Nationalists defne themselves as the defenders of tradition, history and Polish values and hence they attempt to make the public sphere homogeneous. According to their statements, the public sphere should be reserved for Polish, Catholic values and norms. As I conclude, the nationalist resistance can be perceived as the result of anxiety for the status of national identity and longing for universal values or constant points of reference.

8

Inheritance of resistance to stripe rust in winter wheat cultivars Aquileja and Xian Nong

100%

Feng J. , Zhang Z. , Li G. , Zhou Y. , Wang H. , Guo Q. , Sun J.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

2007

|

tom 48

|

nr 1

43-46

EN

Winter wheat cultivars Aquileja (AQ) and Xian Nong 4(XN) were previously reported to possess durable, quantitative resistance to stripe rust disease. In the present study, AQ, XN and a susceptible wheat cultivar were reciprocally crossed in all 6 combinations. Parents, F1, F2, F3, BCP1 and BCP2 were used to determine quantitative genetic parameters for infection type and disease severity. The results showed that fixable genetic components preponderated in the inheritance of the resistance in AQ and XN for both infection type and disease severity, while the dominant component could be detected in some cases. The resistance was conditioned by oligogenes. Heritability of the resistance ranged from 50 to 79% in most cases.

9

The application of biotechnological achievements in the diagnosis and control of infection with bovine leukemia virus (BLV)

100%

Kuzmiak J.

Biotechnologia

|

2003

|

nr 1

74-83

EN

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent for enzootic bovine lekosis (EBL). The article concerns the applications of some biotechnological achievements in the development of modern diagnostic methods, new approaches to specific prophylaxis against BLV as well as the selection of naturally resistant animals.

10

Inheritance of resistance to stripe rust in winter wheat cultivars Aquileja and Xian Nong 4

100%

Feng J. , Zhang Z. , Li G. , Zhou Y. , Wang H. , Guo Q. , Sun J.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

2007

|

tom 48

|

nr 3

43-46

EN

Winter wheat cultivars Aquileja (AQ) and Xian Nong 4(XN) were previously reported to possess durable, quantitative resistance to stripe rust disease. In the present study, AQ, XN and a susceptible wheat cultivar were reciprocally crossed in all 6 combinations. Parents, F1, F2, F3, BCP1 and BCP2 were used to determine quantitative genetic parameters for infection type and disease severity. The results showed that fixable genetic components preponderated in the inheritance of the resistance in AQ and XN for both infection type and disease severity, while the dominant component could be detected in some cases. The resistance was conditioned by oligogenes. Heritability of the resistance ranged from 50 to 79% in most cases.

11

In vitro shoot regeneration of strawberry as the source of somaclonal variants resistant to verticillium wilt?

100%

Sowik I. , Wawrzynczak D. , Michalczuk L.

Biotechnologia

|

2001

|

nr 1

131-133

EN

Somaclonal variants of strawberry resistant to verticillium wilt were selected by cocultivation of shoots of various cultivars obtained by both micropropagation and regeneration from a callus with a homogenate of 3-week-old liquid culture of mixed isolates of Veriticillium dahliae. There was a large variation in the resistance to the pathogen within a population of both micropropagated and regenerated from the callus shoots. After 70 days of cocultivation most of the shoots of susceptible cultivars were heavily damaged or dead, but there were some individuals that survived in a relatively good health. Those variants were transplanted on a new Boxus?s medium supplemented with 2 mg/l of benomyl to eliminate pathogen and their resistance to verticillium wilt is now tested.

12

Inheritance of resistance to Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr. in some spring barley cultivars

100%

Kozera W. , Roszko A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

1995

|

tom 36

|

nr 2

119-127

EN

The inharitance of resistance to loose smut (Ustilago nuda) in seven cultivars of spring barley has been examined.The performed showed that, resistance to two different groups of U.nuda races in respect of their virulance is determined by a single allele pair in the cvs.Anoidium and Inerme 2-r and by two allele pairs in the cvs. CI 13 662, Dorsett, Jet and OAC 21.In the cv,Abyssinian, resistance to a group of races 2 is determined by a single allele pair, whereas that to a group of races 4 - by two allele pairs.In all studied cultivars (except Anoidium) the resistance dominates over sensivity.Resistance to the both studied groups of U.nuda races is determined by a similar genes in the cvs. Dorsett and CI 13 662, as well as in Dorsett and OAC 21.No similarity was found between resistance genes in the case of two allele pairs in the cvs. Jet, Abyssinian and CI 13 662 (group of races 4) as well as in Jet, Dorsett and OAC 21 (in both groups of races), and in the case of single allele pair in the cvs.Inerme-2-rowed and Abyssinian (group races 2).

13

Analiza dostępnych środków do ochrony roślin wykorzystywanych na cele energetyczne

100%

Matyjaszczyk E. , Sobczak J.

Zagadnienia Doradztwa Rolniczego

|

2014

|

nr 4(78)

88-97

EN

The crops used as a source of renewable energy, like all the other crops can be damaged by harmful organisms and diseases and may require chemical protection. The analysis of the register of plant protection products placed on the Polish market on 21.07.2014 shows significant differences in their availability. For crops grown in Poland on large areas, such as oilseed rape and maize, numerous products are available and the chemical protection possibilities are in principle sufficient. For minor crops, especially those grown mainly or solely as energetic crops, the protection possibilities are either very limited or non-existent.

14

Application of molecular markers in evaluation of selected apple genotypes for four apple scab resistance genes

100%

Korbin M. , Keller-Przybylkowicz S. , Zurawicz E.

Biotechnologia

|

2008

|

nr 2

153-161

EN

Breeding for scab resistant apple cultivars by pyramiding several genes in the same genetic background is a promising way to control this severe disease caused by Venturia inaequalis. To achieve this goal, molecular potential of expected parental forms should be determined. Screening of 24 genotypes used in apple breeding program for the presence of regions, linked to the resistance to apple scab with DNA markers flanking regions of four major genes Vf, Vbj, Vr and Vm, was conducted in the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture. All investigated resistance (R) regions were identified in evaluated population and three clusters representing the group of the genotypes without or with single tested R-gene and two groups of the genotypes, being the parallel donors of 3-4 R-genes, were generated.

15

Towards the introducing of resistance to powdery mildew from Lycopersicon hirsutum into L. esculentum

100%

Kozik E. U.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

2001

|

tom 42

|

nr 1

33-42

EN

Genes of resistance to Oidium lycopersicum from Lycopersicon hirsutum LA 1775 were introduced to L. esculentum. Breeding procedures were based on a one-way programme up to the F2 generation and then four different methods were adopted to obtain F4 and BC4 populations. Screening tests among those hybrid populations were performed in a greenhouse and showed segregation for resistance to powdery mildew due to different genetic backgrounds of the families derived from four breeding methods that changed the status of the gene/genes responsible for resistance to powdery mildew. F4 and BC4 populations varied in relation to morphological traits (fruit size and weight, seed and fruit productivity, number of locules). There was a significant progress in breeding in comparison to L. hirsutum regarding fruit size and weight, and the number of locules. Values of two other traits: seed and fruit productivity, that are correlated with self- and cross-compatibility, were low and similar to L. hirsutum. Therefore, another one or two backcrosses will probably improve seed and fruit productivity.

16

Możliwości rotacji fungicydów z punktu widzenia strategii zapobiegania odporności grzyba Venturia inaequalis

100%

Sobczak J.

Zagadnienia Doradztwa Rolniczego

|

2014

|

nr 4(78)

78-87

EN

Intensive apple protection against scab carries with the risk of resistance of fungus Venturia inaequalis on fungicides. Literature data indicates that high risk of resistance occurrence create substances belonging to benzimidazoles, dodine, strobilurins and anilino-pyrimidines. Currently, there are 62 fungicides (24 active substances) placed on the Polish market, applied in the protection of apple against scab. Active substances represent 6 different modes of action. There are no products containing benzimidazoles among currently available fungicides to control scab. Diversity of fungicides as we take into account mode of action allow to rotation of preparations and resistance prevention by this way. In recent years products containing new active substance with different mode of action than previously used were registered, which additionally improves the possibility of rotation of preparations. The presence of two active substances with various modes of action in a few fungicides is an additional, important element of resistance prevention strategy. According to the obligation of the integrated plant protection observance of the rules of anti-resistance strategy is very important.

17

Modulation of apoptosis signaling for cancer therapy

100%

Fulda S. , Debatin K.-M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

|

2006

|

tom 54

|

nr 3

173-175

EN

Apoptosis, the cell's intrinsic death program, plays a central role in regulating tissue homeostasis. Also, most cytotoxic therapies used for cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy, g-irradiation, suicide genes, or immunotherapy, predominantly act by triggering apoptosis in target cells. Thus, understanding the molecular events that regulate apoptosis and how tumor cells evade apoptotic deletion have provided a paradigm to link cancer genetics and response to cancer therapy. Therefore, insights into the mechanisms regulating drug-induced apoptosis provide rational targets for novel therapeutic interventions.

18

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers for the Ns resistance gene in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

88%

Marczewski W.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

2001

|

tom 42

|

nr 2

139-144

EN

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism was used for finding markers linked to the Ns gene, responsible for a resistance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to potato virus S (PVS). The ISSR markers UBC811660 and UBC811950 were found to be linked to Ns. Linkage distances were estimated to be 2.6 cM and 6.6 cM, respectively. UBC811660 showed high accuracy for detection of PVS resistance in diploid potato clones. In tetraploids, among seventeen studied genotypes containing the resistance gene, this marker was revealed in eleven. UBC811660 can be a powerful tool for detection of genotypes carrying the Ns gene in diploid potato breeding programmes.

19

Szkolna przemoc wobec dziewcząt – przypadek francuskich muzułmanek

88%

Kopciewicz L.

Teraźniejszość - Człowiek - Edukacja

|

2012

|

nr 2(58)

63-76

EN

The aim of the article is an attempt of an insight into the culture of a French school and factors that shape it. In this background, a narrower issue of an oppressive effect of school norms that concern pupils’ appearance is discussed. The case of French Muslim girls is an interesting departure point for the critical analysis of oppressive actions of Polish teachers. The article presents the background of social tensions caused by ‘the Islamic shawl’ and the question of changing the media image of French Muslims. The crucial conclusion of the presented analyses are different social competences (resistance against power), which are formed in subjects that undergo oppressive school norms in Poland and France.

20

Undescribed wheat gene for partial leaf rust and stripe rust resistance from Thatcher derivatives RL6058 and 90RN2491 carrying Lr34

88%

Agarwal S. , Saini R. G.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

2009

|

tom 50

|

nr 3

199-204

EN

Inheritance of partial leaf rust and stripe rust resistance of a Thatcher wheat 90RN2491, earlier reported to carry two doses of the gene pair Lr34-Yr18 and the reference line RL6058 (6*Thatcher/PI58548) for the Lr34-Yr18 gene pair was studied against predominant and highly virulent Indian races. Thatcher derivatives 90RN2491 and RL6058 were intercrossed as well as crossed with the leaf rust and stripe rust susceptible Indian cultivar WL711. The F1, F2 and F3 generations from these crosses were assessed for rust severity against leaf rust race 77-5 and stripe rust race 46S119. The F2 and F3 generations from the crosses of RL6058 and 90RN2491 with WL711, segregated 15 resistant : 1 susceptible (F2) and 7 homozygous resistant : 8 segregating : 1 homozygous susceptible (F3) ratios, respectively, both for leaf rust and stripe rust severity. Therefore, partial resistance against each of the leaf rust and stripe rust races in both RL6058 and 90RN2491 is ascribed to two independently inherited dominant genes. One of the two genes for leaf rust and stripe rust resistance in 90RN2491 and RL6058 is Lr34 and the linked gene Yr18, respectively. The second leaf rust resistance gene in both the Thatcher lines segregated independently of stripe rust resistance. Therefore, it is not Lr34 and it remains unidentified.