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Content available Epidemie i pandemie chorób zakaźnych
75%
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tom 95
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nr 09
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tom T. 68, nr 1
49--62
EN
Already in the 19th century, researchers of the history of medicine tried to reinterpret the old pathogenesis and diagnostics by framing the descriptions of past epidemics within the framework of their own scientific discourse. However, this practice has sometimes led astray both then and now due to the incompatibility of modern medical language with historical sources, often of a narrative character. In addition, researchers in the field of historical science are often not qualified enough to correctly interpret the descriptions of the symptoms and course of the epidemic. On the other hand, representatives of medical sciences dealing with the past often misinterpret sources, cutting single pieces of information out of context and building a picture that is consistent with the current state of knowledge but inconsistent with the past. Given the persistence of this problem, which has been observable in the historiography of epidemics for many decades, it is worth investigating such cases in order to identify points that are particularly vulnerable to the risk of error.
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nr 06
363-368
EN
Human and animals influenza is caused by the virus possessing 8 RNA segments in the genome. The segmented nature is critical structural feature that allows influenza viruses to undergo genetic reassortment. Pigs are important reservoir of influenza viruses because they express two types of receptors in the trachea which can bind swine, human and avian influenza viruses during infection. Therefore reassortation of viruses’ segments from different origin and subtypes can occur and facilitate in this way the generation of the strains with pandemic potential. Pigs can infect human with influenza virus directly which was several times confirmed. However the monitoring of pig care takers health indicate that it happened occasionally. In April 2009 the first cases of influenza, caused by the new strain of influenza type A H1N1, possessing genes of swine origin of unknown combination, occurred in North America. Within few days influenza spread and over 1000 people in 21 countries developed the illness, including 27 deaths. New A H1N1 strain possesses pandemic potency and is transmitted between humans only. Up to now none of the cases reported worldwide have had any direct contact with pigs. More over infected person introduced the mutant into the pig herd which may increase the risk of further reassortation. Data concerning the epidemic of A H1N1 strain are presented in this paper.
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tom 94
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nr 01
20
Content available Zarządzanie botulizmem zwierząt
51%
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