Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Przegląd technologii ogniw paliwowych. Cz. 1. Zasada działania i możliwości

100%

Piela P. , Czerwiński A.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2006

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tom T. 85, nr 1

13-18

PL

Przedstawiono fizykochemiczne podstawy działania ogniw paliwowych, odpowiadając na pytania: Czym jest ogniwo paliwowe? Skąd tak duże zainteresowanie ogniwami paliwowymi na całym świecie? Jakie są najważniejsze, wspólne elementy budowy ogniw paliwowych? Czym ograniczona jest wydajność ogniw paliwowych? W jakim obszarze rynku należy spodziewać się najwcześniej masowego wdrożenia ogniw paliwowych?

EN

A review with 15 refs. covering the reasons for the impetus to develop fuel cells, their structure and practical efficiency, and present-day market niches for fuel cells.

2

Design analysis of hybrid gas turbine‒fuel cell power plant in stationary and marine applications

80%

Kwaśniewski T. , Piwowarski M.

Polish Maritime Research

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2020

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tom nr 2

107--119

EN

The paper concerns the design analysis of a hybrid gas turbine power plant with a fuel cell (stack). The aim of this work was to find the most favourable variant of the medium capacity (approximately 10 MW) hybrid system. In the article, computational analysis of two variants of such a system was carried out. The analysis made it possible to calculate the capacity, efficiency of both variants and other parameters like the flue gas temperature. The paper shows that such hybrid cycles can theoretically achieve extremely high efficiency over 60%. The most favourable one was selected for further detailed thermodynamic and flow calculations. As part of this calculation, a multi-stage axial compressor, axial turbine, fuel cell (stack) and regenerative heat exchanger were designed. Then an analysis of the profitability of the installation was carried out, which showed that the current state of development of this technology and its cost make the project unprofitable. For several years, however, tendencies of decreasing prices of fuel cells have been observed, which allows the conclusion that hybrid systems will start to be created. This may apply to both stationary and marine applications. Hybrid solutions related to electrical power transmission, including fuel cells, are real and very promising for smaller car ferries and shorter ferry routes.

3

New ceramic superionic materials for IT-SOFC applications

80%

Paściak G. , Chmielowiec J. , Bujło P.

Materials Science Poland

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2005

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tom Vol. 23, No. 1

209--219

EN

The syntheses of new ceramic superionic materials based on Bi2O3 (BIMEVOX and ?-Bi2O3), their elemental analyses, thermodynamical stability, and electrical properties are presented. The materials show high ionic conductivities (ca. 0.1 S/cm) at a relatively low temperature (600 °C), which makes them applicable as electrolytes in IT-SOFC fuel cells. Ionic conductivity measurements of these materials were performed with the DC (four probe configuration) and IS (impedance spectroscopy) methods, whereas structural research was performed using X-ray spectroscopy. Investigations of the thermodynamic stability of the elaborated materials in oxygen-free atmosphere were also performed. Based on the results of the investigations, the most suitable superionic conductors for fuel cell were selected.

4

Some energy problems of vehicles; reality and fiction

80%

Szczepaniak C.

Journal of KONES

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2006

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tom Vol. 13, No. 4

61-67

EN

The present paper presents different sources of energy. Energy of source, converted in vehicle engine, is transferred to the vehicle. Energy conversion, carried out in the engine, determines the kind of engine to be used in planetary and cosmic vehicles. All energy sources available on Earth are presented, supplying different forms of energy, used in planetary and cosmic vehicles. Energy of solar radiation is divided into two groups, used in land and cosmic vehicles. A method of using energy of solar radiation in planetary and cosmic vehicles, using solar batteries composed of photovoltaic cells, in which electric current is generated. Attention is drawn on hydrogen as source of chemical energy. Attention is drawn on the possibility of using nuclear energy in on-board reactor of rocket motor, using heat for heating working medium. It is emphasized that there are other energy sources in the Universe, the use of which is still subject to theoretical concepts. These are: energy of magnetic and electric fields and gravitational energy.

5

Nitrogen-doped pyrene as a catalyst for fuel cells

80%

Chudoba A.

World Scientific News

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2017

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tom 72

52-59

EN

Density functional theory (DFT) was applied to study nitrogen-doped pyrene as an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) cathode catalyst for fuel cells. Transition states and energy barriers were calculated to predict the catalytic properties of this substance.

6

Ogniwa paliwowe jako źródło energii w przyszłości

80%

Janoska M. , Dadun K. , Boczkal G.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne Recykling

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2017

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tom R. 62, nr 8

3--6

PL

Artykuł stanowi przegląd potencjalnych, przyszłościowych źródeł energii, jakimi sq ogniwa paliwowe. Skupiono się na ogniwach wykorzystujących jako paliwo wodór. Jedną z największych przeszkód dla ich szerokiego wykorzystania jest kwestia magazynowania wodoru. Najpopularniejszą obecnie metodą jest magazynowanie gazowego wodoru pod wysokim ciśnieniem. W ostatnich latach pojawiła się interesująca alternatywa, polegająca na wykorzystaniu do przechowywania wodoru struktur metalicznych z dużą ilością defektów sieciowych. Badania wykazały, że możliwe jest uzyskanie nawet do 7%wag. wodoru względem masy metalu.

EN

This paper is an over view of potential, future energy sources, such as fuel cells. The focus was on hydrogen fuel cells. One of the biggest impediments to wide use of hydrogen fuel cells is the issue of hydrogen storage. The most popular method now is to store hydrogen gas under high pressure. In recent years, there has been an interesting metods is hydrogen storage in structures of metals with a large number of structural defects. Studies have shown that up to 7%wt. hydrogen with respect to the weight of metal can be achieved.

7

Comparative preliminary unit costs analysis of the operation of passenger cars with combustion engines and fuel cell vehicles powered by hydrogen

80%

Gis W. , Waśkiewicz J. , Menes M. , Gis M.

Journal of KONES

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2019

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tom Vol. 26, No. 4

69--74

EN

The article presents political and legal aspects regarding the recommendation for the development of hydrogen technology in the economy and in transport. The development of electric cars with hydrogen-powered fuel cells, which took place in recent years in the world, has been outlined. The principles of calculation of average vehicle operating costs applicable in the transport economics are discussed. The estimated average unit operating costs of a statistical passenger car using conventional energy carriers, estimated in the studies of the Motor Transport Institute are quoted. The assumptions and results of the estimation of the average cost per 1 vehicle-kilometre of the electric passenger car’s mileage (BEV) have been presented, as well as the assumptions and results of the estimation of the average unit operating costs of a hydrogen powered passenger car (FCEV). The average unit costs of the mileage of these vehicles have been compared. The predictions regarding the future changes in the average prices of FCEV vehicles have been cited and the average unit costs of operating electric cars with fuel cells by the 2050 have been estimated. The project of administrative support for the development of low-emission transport in Poland was indicated.

8

New materials for solid oxide fuel cells: state of art and perspectives

80%

Miller M.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Podstaw Elektrotechniki i Elektrotechnologii Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

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2005

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tom Vol. 42, nr 16

9-21

EN

Electrochemical fuel cells are considered as serious alternative power source to the conventional energy systems. Many efforts have been achieved during last decade in the technology of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) - the most advanced type of fuel cells. Improvements of SOFC still necessary prior commercialisation require development or modification of materials used as electrolyte, electrodes, interconnect and sealant in the electrochemical cell. The paper presents recent progress on this field and discuss the possible alternatives for the chemicals used at present in the prototype SOFC plants. Requirements for the certain SOFC element materials are specified from the point of view: decreasing the operation temperature, compatibility of different materials and catalytic properties for the direct hydrocarbon fuel reforming. Recent literature data are supplemented by the results of author's thermochemical studies on the SOFC materials.

9

Paliwa do ogniw paliwowych stosowanych w samochodach (cz. 2)

80%

Maćkowski J.

Paliwa, Oleje i Smary w Eksploatacji

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2002

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tom R. 11, nr 102

8-12

EN

Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factors call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated engine efficiency is rather small. Development of electronic and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.

10

Paliwa do ogniw paliwowych stosowanych w samochodach (cz. 4)

80%

Maćkowski J.

Paliwa, Oleje i Smary w Eksploatacji

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2002

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tom R. 11, nr 104

28-32

EN

Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factors call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated angine efficiency is rather small. Dvelopment of electronics and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.

11

Paliwa do ogniw paliwowych stosowanych w samochodach (cz. 3)

80%

Maćkowski J.

Paliwa, Oleje i Smary w Eksploatacji

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2002

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tom R. 11, nr 103

32-35

EN

Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factors call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated engine efficiency is rather small. Development of electronics and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.

12

Układy z ogniwami paliwowymi w systemach zasilania potrzeb własnych oraz w energetyce rozproszonej

80%

Dmowski A. , Dzik T. , Przybyszewski M.

Automatyka Elektroenergetyczna

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2005

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tom Nr 2 (47)

5-10

PL

Artykuł zawiera przegląd ogniw paliwowych jako przyszłościowego rozwiązania problemów zasilania w energię elektryczną obwodów potrzeb własnych w elektroenergetyce. Omówiono dwa układy zbudowane na bazie ogniw paliwowych. Jeden zasilany jest czystym wodorem, drugi może pracować będąc zasilanym z metanolu. W opisie tych systemów szczególną uwagę zwrócono nie tylko na część elektroenergetyczną urzadzeń, ale również na część sterowania i nadzoru, bez których praca układów z ogniwami paliwowymi nie jest możliwa.

EN

The paper presents review of fuel cells as a new solution of supplying self demands. Two systems based on fuel cells are described. First is supplied with pure hydrogen, second can work supplied with methanol. In description of such systems attention is paid not only to power part of such devices but also to control part, without which work of fuel cells is impossible.

13

Evaluation of La0.5Sr0.5Co0.5Fe0.25Mn0.25O3-delta Perovskite-Type Oxide as the Cathode Material for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

80%

Molenda J. , Krupiński J. , Zając W. , Świerczek K.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2009

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tom Vol. 83, nr 8

1497-1506

EN

An evaluation of La0.5Sr0.5Co0.5Fe0.25Mn0.25O3–delta perovskite type oxide as the cathode material for Solid Ox ide Fuel Cells (SOFC) is presented. La0.5Sr0.5Co0.5Fe0.25Mn0.25O3-delta was prepared using high temperature solid state reaction. We show results of structural, thermogravimetric, low temperature and high temperature transport properties, together with high temperature chemical reactivity studies in relation to zirconia and ceria based solid electrolytes. Additionally, we present results of testing of electrochemical properties of SOFC cell based on ceria type electrolyte and La0.5Sr0.5Co0.5Fe0.25Mn0.25O3-delta cathode material.

14

Domestic hydrogen installation in Poland – technical and economic analysis

80%

Cholewiński M. , Tomków Ł.

Archives of Electrical Engineering

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2015

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tom Vol. 64, nr 2

189--196

EN

The application of renewable energy sources poses the problems connected with output volatility. In order to decrease this effect the energy storage technologies can be applied, particularly fuel cells connected with hydrogen storage. In this paper the application of SOFC system for a household in Poland is proposed. Economic and technical analysis is performed. It was found that the proposed installation is profitable after 25 years of operation when compared with conventional solution - heat pumps and gas-fired boilers.

15

Bimevox materials for application in sofcs.

80%

Chmielowiec J. , Paściak G. , Bujło P.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Podstaw Elektrotechniki i Elektrotechnologii Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

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2007

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tom Vol. 46, nr 19

250-253

EN

Presented work concerns BIMEVOX (Bismuth Metal Vanadium Oxide) based solid electrolytes doped with rare earth elements (lanthanum). Investigations of melting point and composition of elaborated materials were performed by use of DTA and X-ray measurements. For determination of conductivity the impedance spectroscopy (IS) method was applied. The influence of the material composition (Bi4V20n doped with La), sintering time and gas atmosphere (air, reducing) on the conductivity was determined.

16

Paliwa do ogniw paliwowych stosowanych w samochodach (cz.1)

80%

Maćkowski J.

Paliwa, Oleje i Smary w Eksploatacji

|

2002

|

tom R. 11, nr 100

8-11

EN

Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factor call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated engine efficiency is rather small. Development of electronics and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.

17

Electrode Open Circuit Potentials and Oxidation Process at Au and Pt Electrodes/Solid Oxide Electrolyte Interfaces in Common Methane+Air Gas Mixture

80%

Mordarski G. , Suski L. , Kołacz J. , Ruggiero M.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2005

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tom Vol. 79 / nr 6

1063-1077

EN

Difference of potentials between two diversified electrodes, Au and Pt at a solid ionic conductor in a common gas mixture of fuel and oxidant, xCH4+(1-x)(0.2O2+0.8Ar) has been studied on the example of electrodes at ZrO2+8%Y2O3 electrolyte. The open circuit potentials of both electrodes have been determined as dependent on concentration of O2 in the gas mixture.Within some domain of gas composition the difference of open circuit potential (OCP) values achieves a stable value of ca. 700 mV. Experimental OCP values are compared to calculated ones and discussed as the results of chemical and/or electrochemical equilibria and steady states which may occur at the electrodes.

18

Use of Hydrogen Fuel Cells in Rail Transport

80%

Siwiec J.

Problemy Kolejnictwa

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2021

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tom Z. 190

125--131

EN

The article presents the most technologically advanced alternative propulsion of rail vehicles that, at the same time, has great development potential, i.e. hydrogen fuel cells. The current condition of the rolling stock and electrification of the traction network is described, and domestic and foreign plans for the deployment of fuel cells are presented and accompanied by legislative work aimed at the application of environmentally friendly solutions.

19

Paliwa do ogniw paliwowych stosowanych w samochodach

80%

Maćkowski J.

Paliwa, Oleje i Smary w Eksploatacji

|

2003

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tom R. 12, nr 105

20-22

EN

Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factors call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated engine efficiency is rather small. Development of electronics and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.

20

Orientation relationship and interfaces in Ni and Co-YSZ cermets prepared from directionally solidified eutectics

80%

Larrea A. , Laguna-Bercero M. , PeÃ±a J. , Merino R. , Orera V. c.

Open Physics

|

2009

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tom 7

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nr 2

242-250

EN

Textured Ni-YSZ and Co-YSZ (YSZ: cubic yttria stabilized zirconia) cermets prepared by reduction of directionally solidified NiO-YSZ and CoO-YSZ oxide eutectics respectively display a self-organized microstucture formed by âˆ¼400 nm wide alternating lamellae of YSZ and porous metal suitable for electrochemical applications. The electrochemical properties of the cermets depend on their microstructure. We have analyzed the orientation relationships and interfaces both of the oxide composites and cermets using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-ray pole figures and Electron Back-Scattering Diffraction. In spite of the similar crystal structure, growth habits and orientation relationships of NiO-YSZ and CoO-YSZ are different. Also the crystallographic behaviour, when cermets are produced, differs. However the metal-YSZ interfaces are about the most stable ones giving good metal-ceramic adhesion. Due to their lamellar microstructure and good metal-ceramic adhesion these composites present long-term stability at working conditions, which makes them good candidates to be used as anodes in solid oxide fuel cells or electrolyzers.