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1
Content available remote Ryzyko ładu korporacyjnego w przedsiębiorstwach energetycznych
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EN
The article is attempting a new reflection on the problem of risk management, corporate risk. Does not respect the principles of corporate governance poses a potential risk factors for the operation of the Corporation, and, consequently, for all its stakeholders and the environment. While the compliance by corporations to those rules restrict largely corporate risk. Study presents analysis of selected Polish corporates energy optimized for the application of the principles of corporate governance in the context of enterprise risk management.
EN
Approaches to the classifications of enterprise’s risks are analyzed; the classification of risks of the building enterprise, which takes into account the particularity of building product creating process and the classification of risk factors that influence the risks of the building enterprise are proposed.
3
Content available remote Problemy nadzoru nad funduszami spekulacyjnymi
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EN
The world financial crisis has revealed numerous risks for investors and other market participants related to speculative funds. As a result, comprehensive supervision principles have been established to prevent these risks. The article presents the activities undertaken by the European Union and by other states, aimed at regulating the principles of hedge funds functioning. The new regulations provide for registration and reporting duties that are to ensure higher market transparency and to diminish the differences between hedge funds and traditional investment funds. In order to prove the said thesis, the author presents the specifics of the speculative funds functioning, the current trends on the funds market, and later she makes an assessment of the regulations adopted in the field.
EN
Managing portfolio on the customers' order is a service which involves investing a customers' means on their behalf and on their account in selected instruments of the financial market. The assets in question may include cash, securities and other financial instruments. The first step in the process is constructing assumptions of the investment strategy by the investor. The assumptions specify kinds of risks the investor is prepared to take and investment targets and aims. The second step in the process of the portfolio management is updating current and future conditions (financial, economic, political) by the investor. The third step is creating the portfolio itself. Considering the assumptions of investment strategy and financial market forecasts the investor specifies what securities to choose, how to carry out their allocation and on what markets. The management process aims at constructing the portfolio which would generate the highest possible rate of return at a minimum risk. The fourth step in the process is constant monitoring of the investor's needs and conditions of financial market. The element of the monitoring process is evaluation of the portfolio's profitability and comparison of results with the expectations included in the investment strategy assumptions. Professional management of the portfolio provides the investor wilh benefits resulting from specialization and knowledge of the managing firm and enables him to take advantage of dynamic development of the financial market.
EN
The aim of this paper is to analyze the merits of using the Value At Risk method in estimating the risk associated with investments in metallurgical sector companies. The paper presents how to construct the model, various methods of its estimation and their advantages and disadvantages. In the research part of the paper, we analyze typical features of the returns distribution characteristic for metallurgical companies listed on the Polish stock exchange, and on their basis we select the method of the Value at Risk estimation. The analysis was made by comparing individual metallurgical companies to the Warsaw Stock Exchange Index (WIG). We also evaluated the usefulness of the variance-covariance method by examining the number of exceedances of the designated value exposed at the assumed levels of significance.
EN
In this article risk typology in a small enterprise has been presented. In the aspect of a small enterprise's characteristic features that have been synthetically described, the author has tried to define the crux and position of individual risk types in the operation of small market entities. In economy practice, identification and risk management conduct of risk categorization facilitates.
EN
The author shares his view of future threats related to human activity. Whereas the natural disasters become more and more predictable, the future consequences of man's cognitive activity, discoveries and political ambition became threats, which should not be ignored. As the cognitive motive of exploration and technological advancement cannot be reduced or stopped by any social (international consensus), the consideration of accompanying risk should be enhanced. The awareness of the real benefits and potential losses included in technological aspirations becomes crucial for the welfare of the humanity.
EN
The aim of this paper is to attempt to characterize the role of risk management among growing external risk factors. The authors believe that currently there are a number of factors posing a serious risk of destabilizing the global financial system. Under such conditions, proper identification and risk management in enterprises can be very important for their secure operation. The authors believe there may be situations where implementation of a risk management system might be beneficial even if it does not lead directly to increased business value. Within the risk management process, risk management methods should be carefully observed, with some requiring supplementation with stress tests.
9
Content available remote Znaczenie megainstytucji finansowych w świetle ryzyka systemowego
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EN
The aim of the paper is to examine impact of systemic risk on global financial market. The literature analysis shows the nature of systemic risk and its possible consequences. It explains also the potential effects of risk emerging from the systemically important financial institutions. The paper discusses particular categories of such institutions and an assessment methodology for systemic importance. The paper concludes with a discussion on the impact of the published list of global systemically important banks to the global financial system.
10
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EN
The article rise the subject risk management as part of corporate governance in case of crises. There are sown different local codes which help to implement proper risk management system basic on OECD directives. Additionally there is shown an example of running risk management system implemented by French VINCI Group which relay on AFEP-MEDEF code. The author point out critical elements which have influence on proper risk management system as part of corporate governance.
EN
With the purpose of efficient risk management they are offering, banks might be divided into 'traditional', for example, credit, depositary, percentage, currency risks and 'nontraditional', caused by their specialization and expansion activities. Concerning traditional risks there is a powerful arsenal of methods of influence. Both systematization of methods of management by the traditional risks of the bank and separate recommendations for the increase of efficiency of management by untraditional bank risks have been recommended.
EN
The article deals with an empiric analysis of behaviour of contracting authorities when tendering public contracts. In the context of theories dealing with rational, imperfectly rational and rationally inattentive behaviour of agents, it tries to describe the problem of avoiding risk by the contracting authorities in further detail. Theories observing behaviour of bureaucracy – no matter how well they are reasoned – mostly meet the problem of empiric verifiability. In this case, the authors try to fill the gap using an empiric analysis where it is worked with real data of public contracts from 2010 – 2014. We can consider the main findings to be the fact that public contracting authorities prefer strategies that are based on a reduction of risk of conflicts with the regulator. These strategies are chosen mainly based on signals of behaviour of central authorities, rather than based on the effort of gaining the most informative strategy. However, the final result is the same. In the authors’ opinion, the aversion to risk by the contracting authorities, which is enforced by the public policy in this field, plays the major role.
EN
Although threat has been always a part of human existence, a systematic scientific attempt to study its various forms in relation to society is a rather recent development. After the Second World War the term risk became an important issue in the natural sciences and public discourse. Consequently, it was discussed in the social sciences and humanities, where all concepts of threat had in common the principle that its causes and consequences are represented through social processes. The paper aims to overview the main theoretical notions of threat and the empirical research on the related topics in Slovak ethnology. In the first part of the paper the author offers a brief overview of the ideas which have emerged in sociology and socio-cultural anthropology since the 1960s, with the central notions of risk and danger. The second part of the paper brings an outline of empirical studies in Slovak ethnology and related disciplines. They indicate the social processes which are perceived as threats in Slovak society.
14
Content available remote Efektywność nadzoru właścicielskiego w okresie kryzysu
80%
EN
The 2007-2009 financial crisis has had numerous causes. One of the most important has been the weakness of the corporate governance systems in most of the financial institutions. These systems were not efficient enough to prevent managers from taking too risky decisions, oriented on short-term profits. The abnormally high risk appetite has been encouraged by wrong incentive systems, rationalization mechanisms and opportunities created by lax regulatory framework. Corporate governance systems of financial institutions need to be improved .In particular the orientation of these systems needs to shifted form short-term perspective of shareholders returns to longer-term perspective of company performance and interests of all stakeholders
15
Content available remote Ryzyko w dzialalnosci przedsiebiorstwa
80%
EN
The phenomenon of the market competitiveness increase forces enterprises to consciously undertake a risk in order to guarantee themselves market safety and existence. It is dependent upon many factors both internal and external. The paper presents both the risk motion, kinds and sources. Additionally, the necessity of risk management in enterprises, as well as the stages of the process of management are discussed.
16
Content available remote Niepewność a problem mitygacji ryzyka w przedsiębiorstwie
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EN
The risk management is a fundamental problem in the among enterprises. Proper mitigation of the risk will define the future level of an enterprise's profit/loss. The study presents the nature and typology of the risk, the notion of frisk, risk management and the issue of mitigation thereof.
EN
In the article concept of financial risk of machine-building enterprise and it’s classification is analyzed. Also concept of financial risk estimation in the modern terms is examined. The analysis of financial risks estimation methods of machine-building enterprises is conducted, basic indexes are identified and offered for the practical use for an economic activity of enterprise.
EN
The aim of this paper is to analyse the phenomenon of Personal Web Usage (PWU) in the workplace with particular emphasis on the risks to the organizations and the consequences of the PWU. The most common reactions of employers and methods of coping with too frequent PWU are discussed. In the final part of the article practical issues concerning the implementation of acceptable Internet usage policy in business organizations are addressed.
EN
The article deals with the issue of maintaining ecological economic well-being in the conditions of world trade liberalization. We analyze the present state of environmentally safe trade liberalization in developed and developing countries and determine the main prospects and ways of trade and environment spheres harmonization.
Lud
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2012
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tom 96
75-92
EN
The article is devoted to the role of risk in tourist experience. It particularly concentrates on risk as a figure of travel narratives, the identity boundaries marker. The empirical material comes from a study on Polish niche tourism to the countries of the former USSR, the rarely chosen destination in post-1989 Poland. The niche status of tourists is defined by the choice of destination and the mode of travel (budget self-organized tourism usually involving some contacts with nature and local dwellers). Risk is present in tourist accounts yet it is not central – the interlocutors do not see themselves as adventure tourists. The theoretical models of risk are presented in the second part of the article to the end of establishing the cultural and historically specific meanings of risk such as uncertainty or change as well as the correlation between risk and control, including control over one’s destiny. In the final part of the article the empirical material is analyzed through the lens of presented theoretical models. The strategy of backgrounding risk in narratives serves several goals. It produces counter-hegemonic (affirmative) representations of the visited region; it also creates the image of tourists as exceptional and different thus boosting their social status at home. The side effect of these strategies of risk presentation is however the image of the countries of the former USSR as pre-modern, outdated and pristine, as opposed to the (late) modern sophisticated Europe, with which the tourists associate themselves.
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