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Belugistan - the province with tension

100%

Katona M.

Hadtudomany (Military Science)

2004

tom 14

nr 3/4

39-52

The authoress of the article is a well-known expert of the central Asian region. In her article, she is trying to sketch a topic scientifically, which is totally unknown for the Hungarian experts: the picture of Belugistan, a province situated south of Afghanistan, on the border of Pakistan and Iran. Today when security is undivideable, and the dangers threatening security are becoming more and more global, we cannot say that any region is not of our interest. The same applies for the region presented in this article.

FROM TRADITION TO CREATION: CENTRAL ASIAN IDENTITIES AND THEIR FATES )Od tradycji do kreacji - wymiary i losy tozsamosci centralnoazjatyckich)

88%

Ksiazek J.

nr 39

83-104

After the collapse of the USSR, Central Asian states together with their independence got the opportunity of reconsidering and redefinition of the vision of national identity that until this time was created through the foreign power. This article considers diverse levels and kinds of local identities in Central Asia and tries to show in what way the contemporary states create a new national and state identity. In new circumstances, a new identity has to be build but it is very often done with old tools, originating from the former system. To understand these countries today one has to discover the meaning of the Soviet rule in this area, the power of the tradition and a particular fusion between these two factors, which lasted through the long time of the Soviet domination. Especially important in the traditional way of living is a framework of a solidarity group. The analysis of the identity dimensions confirms the special role of tribal ties which are a fundamental element of social life and political movements in the past and present.

The EU Strategy towards the Central Asia Region. Policy Assessment and Some Recommendations for the Future

75%

Skrzydło A.

Yearbook of Polish European Studies

2014

tom 17

s.229-255

The EU Strategy adopted in 2007 was the fi rst basic document which established a medium-term policy line in the relationship between Europe and Central Asia, for the first time perceived as a group of fi ve Central Asia countries which were former Soviet republics. Despite many defi ciencies in the Strategy and some setbacks on the part of the EU in the course of its implementation, the document has become an important reference point for numerous policies and actions taken vis-à-vis these fi ve Central Asia countries. In security terms, Europe perceives Central Asia as a border area separating Europe from the ‘area of instability’, and that philosophy greatly determined the set of policies formulated and applied in relations with the Central Asia countries. Most of them are still countries on the path to development, relying to a certain extent on foreign development and humanitarian aid, including European aid. At the same time, Europe has realised that this region is a potential source of strategic natural resources, including energy, which coincides with the EU’s search for greater diversity of energy sources and routes of its delivery, taking into consideration the current risks, challenges and limitations linked to Russia’s return to an assertive policy of power, confl icts with its neighbours (Ukraine), trade wars etc. The objective of this article is to outline the EU’s policies, concepts and approaches towards the Central Asia region and their modifi cation and adjustment to the current international dynamism and changing situation in the region itself, as well as to identify the global factors which eventually affect the relationship between Europe and the region. Additionally, some recommendations and suggestions with regard to a future EU Strategy are proposed, based on lessons learnt and analysis of the international environment.