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1
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This paper describes efficient methods for integration polynomial functions on elements of the unitary group with respect to the Haar measure. Some methods for special cases are shown. Finally examples of applications are described.
PL
W pracy przedstawione zostały efektywne algorytmy całkowania funkcji wielomianowych na grupie macierzy unitarnych względem miary Haara. Przywołana została formuła Collinsa-Sniadego służąca do obliczania rozpatrywanej całki. Następnie rozpatrzono możliwości przyśpieszenia obliczeń prezentując efektywny algorytm. Pokazano szczególne przypadki rodzin wielomianów, dla których wartość całki może być wyznaczona analitycznie. Zostały również przywołane przykłady zastosowań całkowania wielomianów macierzy unitarnych w różnych działach nauki.
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Content available Child with Down Syndrome in a peer group.
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Agnieszka Jędrzejowska, Child with Down Syndrome in a peer group. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 27, Poznań 2019. Pp. 351–372.Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.27.16 The attitude towards people with disabilities has changed over the last century. Both deinstitutionalisation as well as integration and normalisation allowed many people with intellectual disabilities to improve their social situation. An example of such a systemic solution supporting the development of disabled persons are integration groups. The subject of this article is a report from a pilot study on the functioning of a group of children with Down syndrome within an integration group. The objective of this study was the presentation of the reasonability of inclusion within the integration group of children with Down’s Syndrome (with the homogeneous dysfunction). Observation and sociometric tests covered children with Down syndrome from two integration groups from kindergarten no. 109 in Wrocław, Poland. I consider the essence of integration, following A. Maciarz, to be the feeling of social bonds experienced by a disabled individual, a sense of belonging to a group, as well as the conviction that one is accepted by it, despite the fact that the standards adopted by their community are not always and not fully met by them. The research was carried out for six months in a kindergarten where I was a special educator.
EN
The focus of the article is on the cultural adaptation of the Estonian community that left Estonia during World War II and found refuge in Sweden. The important starting point of the article is an interview with a former journalist (born 1937), who settled with her family in Kristinehamn (South Sweden) in the year 1947 and moved to Stockholm later on. The interview took place in 2004 and concentrated on the most important and meaningful days and times in Swedish as well as Estonian folk calendar. In Sweden, the beginning of the Christmas period is calculated from St Lucia’s Day (December 13), yet in the 20th century Estonia, this day had only a marginal meaning. By the middle of the 20th century, it was already a tradition in Sweden to choose a blond Lucia-maiden and have ceremonial processions as an introduction into the Christmas time. In Finland and Norway this tradition was a way to preserve the feeling of national belonging for the local Swedish population. The interviewee, who went to a Swedish school at the age of ten, remembered that she was impressed by the special role of the Lucia-maiden, yet the adult Estonian population consciously ignored the “foreign culture”. In Estonia as well as in Sweden, the friendly dwarfs were not yet a part of Christmas traditions in the mid-20th century. In Sweden, tomte, who was known as the protecting spirit of home in the older peasant culture, took over this role in the course of the growing urbanisation. Tomte lost its previous position in folk belief, got a red hat and became a member of the Lucia-procession. The attempt to preserve the old identity could be observed in the Christmas time room design, the decorating of the Christmas tree, etc. Taking over the traditions of the new homeland was perceived as surrender to the other culture. In the Lutheran Sweden as well as in Estonia, going to church was an established tradition. The Swedish Estonians also gathered in St Jacob’s Church in Stockholm with the wish to perceive the feeling of togetherness; yet, for homeland Estonians going to the church was rather an act of protest against Soviet ideology. Also, sending Christmas cards helped to preserve the feeling of keeping in touch and belonging. If we compare the Christmas traditions of the Swedish Estonians to those of the deportees and those in the Estonian villages in Siberia, which were established already in older times, we come to the conclusion that the topic of identity should deserve much more attention than it has been the case so far.
EN
The idea of European integration and frequently also subsequent unification of law in Europe may seem to be quite a recent topic. If it is talked about, it is more or less in scope of decades, or with regards to the recent change of era, it might be considered no earlier than a last century issue. However, the roots of European integration can be found, without any doubt, much earlier; namely at the time when the Roman Empire had not only been forming the European organization for many centuries, but also the history of part of the territory of African and Asian continent. Although the motivations of their masterminds were different, we encounter some efforts to assure durable peace through peace treaties between those who really wanted to achieve it. First agreements of this type – putting peace under penalties of international legal nature, were already known in Old age.
EN
Since the publication of Bergin’s classic 1980 paper “Psychotherapy and Religious Values” in the Journal of Clinical and Consulting Psychology, an enormous amount of quality research has been conducted on the integration of religious and spiritual values and perspectives into the psychotherapy endeavor. Numerous empirical studies, chapters, books, blogs, and specialty organizations have emerged in the past 35 years that have helped researchers and clinicians alike come to appreciate the value of religion and spirituality in the psychotherapeutic process. While so much has been accomplished in this area of integration, so much more needs to occur in order for the psychotherapeutic world to benefit from the wisdom of the great religious and spiritual traditions and values. While state-of-the-art quality research has and continues to demonstrate how religious and spiritual practices and values can be used effectively to enhance the benefits of behavioral and psychological interventions, too often the field either gets overly focused on particular and perhaps trendy areas of interest (e.g., mindfulness) or fails to appreciate and incorporate the research evidence supporting (or not supporting) the use of certain religiously or spiritually informed assessments and interventions. The purpose of this article is to reflect on where the field integrating religion, spirituality and psychotherapy has evolved through the present and where it still needs to go in the future. In doing so I hope to reflect on the call for integration that Bergin highlights in his classic 1980 paper.
EN
The realization of the governmental program of the integration of the Roma people in the Lubuskie voivodeship is characterized by the understanding of and respect for the Gypsy identity. The assistance that Gypsies receive makes their situation better, especially in the sphere of education. What is more, in the local environment there has been fewer conflicts and troubles between the Roma people and their neighbors. The positive effects of the governmental program result from the dialogue between governmental institutions and the recipients of the program.
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Content available remote Specification and integration of theorem provers and computer algebra systems
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Computer algebra systems (CASs) and automated theorem provers (ATPs) exhibit complementary abilities. CASs focus on efficiently solving domain-specific problems. ATPs are designed to allow for the formalization and solution of wide classes of problems within some logical framework. Integrating CASs and ATPs allows for the solution of problems of a higher complexity than those confronted by each class alone. However, most experiments conducted so far followed an ad-hoc approach, resulting in solutions tailored to specific problems. A structured and principled approach is necessary to allow for the sound integration of systems in a modular way. The Open Mechanized Reasoning Systems (OMRS) framework was introduced for the specification and implementation of mechanized reasoning systems, e.g. ATPs. In this paper, we introduce a generalization of OMRS, named OMSCS (Open Mechanized Symbolic Computation Systems). We show how OMSCS can be used to soundly express CASs, ATPs, and their integration, by formalizing a combination between the Isabelle prover and the Maple algebra system. We show how the integrated system solves a problem which could not be tackled by each single system alone.
EN
In the first part of the article the history of the influx of immigrants to France in the 19th and 20th century was described, as well as the characteristics of the number of refugees in the years 1991-2015. The next section examines the asylum procedure and refugee problems related to housing. The situation of unaccompanied minors was also discussed, as well as the integration process, which consists of six elements: professional integration, housing, access to civil rights, healthcare, social assistance and family reunification. The last part of the article describes organizations helping refugees, including France Terre d'asile, Forum Réfugiés-Cosi, La Cimade, L'Association nationale d'assistance aux frontières pour les étrangers (ANAFE), and Groupe accueil et solidarité (GAS).
EN
This article examines, in a comparative perspective, the integration policy of the two, in many respects, very similar, neutral states, with particular emphasis on the period after the signing of the Single European Act. Despite the converging political and economic objectives, the decisions of both countries were determined by different economic and political conditions. For Austria, the integration processes were perceived as an important step, towards reconstruction of the economy, the abolition of trade barriers with the most important economic partner. In political terms integration – enhanced Austria’s position within European Community. Unlike the Austrian Government, the authorities in Bern have acted under much more polarized conditions. Neutrality played still very important role in its international policies and the social fears connected mostly to the loss of political and economic independence were vivid. The Swiss authorities were thus forced to choose the bilateral path, which was not preferred by EU countries, but more socially acceptable, and therefore easier to implement.
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The aim of the article is to present vital issues related to the school situation of foreign children in Poland. The first part concerns the processes of education and integration of this group of students and legal possibilities to support them. The second one is devoted to the presentation of two (co-written by the author of the article) pedagogical innovations (intercultural portfolio and intercultural tales), which allow us to work with foreigners (kindergarten or first grade) and culturally diverse groups. They serve teaching Polish as a foreign language and forming sensitivity towards otherness. Poland is a country with a relatively low degree of cultural diversity. Working with foreign students is still a big challenge for the teaching staff. Properly chosen educational methods are an important part of the success of the education and integration of foreign students. Evaluation studies show that the methods presented in the text, because of their specificity (possibility of an active and creative learning), gained approval of students and teachers, and are effective. They motivate students to learn and share knowledge about their own culture. They can be used in the course of various activities in the area of education. This article is for everyone interested in intercultural education of children.
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Content available remote Polacy w Berlinie, czyli czy „niewidzialny” to znaczy zintegrowany?
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EN
In the article deals with the problem of the "invisibility" of Poles in Germany. In this way, West Germany has been writing and talking about Polish migrants for several years. Their "invisibility" is supposed to result from trouble-free integration, placed as a role model for others. In fact, this is an expression of one-sided integration so far, which, to be complete, should become a two-way process, more engaging with members of the host society. In the text, I analyze, what "invisibility" means, how it manifests itself, what migrants think about it, and what are its positive and negative aspects. I also consider whether there are opportunities to "come out of the shadows" and what Poles have a chance to achieve through this. The article is based on qualitative research (interviews and observations) carried out as part of two research projects focused on the phenomenon of integration of Polish migrants in Germany
EN
The European integration policy, the transformation of modern media and historical democratic traditions contribute to the activities of numerous nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in European region, collaborating with local organizations in Ukraine. The areas of cooperation are: the protection of human rights to freedom of expression and media independence and pluralism, the protection of journalists' professional activity, the right of access to information by European standards, the right to development of public radio and television, the right to free and non-discriminatory access to the Internet and so on.
EN
This paper represents the preliminary analysis of a pilot research carried out by CIR and the Department of social Studies of the University of Rome “Sapienza” (together with Italian non-profit organisations) on the level of integration of beneficiaries of international protection (both refugees and beneficiaries of subsidiary protection) who had been living in Italy for at least 3 years. The pilot research described has been conducted under the Project “Le strade dell’integrazione” (The integration paths), co-financed by the European Union and the Italian Ministry of Interior under the European Refugee Fund 2010 – Action 2.1.A. Individual interviews and focus groups have been carried out in 7 different Italian territories, involving both beneficiaries of international protection and operators working with them. Questionnaires have been administered at national level. The preliminary analysis presented in this paper refers to some territories and to the partial material available. In the conclusion, results are discussed and recommendations for the final analysis are offered.
EN
The causes and circumstances of making a Polish-Czechoslovak declaration by immigrant representatives of the three enslaved nations of East-Central Europe in 1986 are discussed. The declaration pointed to an interest in a detailed form of cooperation in the future. The basis for signing it was the agreement between Sikorski's and Beneš's governments of 1942, in which the will to form a confederation within a post-totalitarian order in the region was expressed. History has shown that the political scenario realized later had not been written with considerable participation of the emigration circles. Analyzing the issue from the historical and politological-legal points of view the author makes an attempt at answering the question concerning the place of this document in the process of the systemic transformation that took place in the region at the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s.
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Content available Accounting Integration Issues of EU Member States
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The aim of this article is to discuss the dilemmas over the integration of accounting in EU member states. The dilemma could be divided into the following main groups. Dilemma of the user of financial statements. This dilemma consists in determining for whom the integration of accounting in EU is crucial, and who is the intended beneficiary of integration. Dilemma arising from the lack of theoretical framework for drafting directives and standards: the accounting paradigm assuming that accounting is strictly quantitative. Accounting is a social science, whereas the accounting practice has greater influence on social, rather than purely economic, reality. Dilemma over legal regulations and the legitimization of standard setters could be attributed to accounting regulations as legal norms. A classic example of this might be the transition from rule-based to principle-based IFRSs. The dilemma over the legitimization of standard setters has its roots in the legal aspect of accountancy. In order to solve it, it is necessary to answer the question: ‘who controls the processes of accounting integration?’ since the participants of this process often present divergent viewpoints, and sometimes even opposite priorities. Dilemma over the politicization of accountancy. The more globalized and complex the economic environment is, the more of political intervention there is expected to be in the standard setting process, affected by global geopolitical trends.
EN
The paper reports some of the results obtained from a study conducted on the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) and the integration of international migrants. The DNA of the Work Integration Social Enterprises (WISEs) distinguishes this kind of companies from other economic stakeholders, including those of the SSE. These devices, as hybrid companies, go beyond a pure economic rationale, enabling labor activation and social inclusion for disadvantaged groups, including vulnerable international migrants. Therefore, WISEs should be understood as valuable mechanisms for achieving optimal levels of personal empowerment and social and labor integration in their active use and enhancement of employees’ capacities and competencies. All of their activities has an impact on social justice in helping to construct a more inclusive growth and society and fosters the integration of labor international immigrants specially.
EN
Creation of network structures in contemporary organizations becomes the norm of the functioning. The creation of multidimensional structures in evolutionary relations, where it is difficult to determine now the organization's boundaries no longer makes business process integration is becoming one of the most important problems. In addition, the development of information technology has enabled to contribute and share information resources. The above phenomenon indicative of the pursuit of the integration of business processes and technologies used in the activity. So in the article, the authors presented the main attributes of the network structures, which, on the one hand, affect the efficiency of the network agreement and, on the other hand, determine the shape of the business processes supported by the technology used. Indicated on the correlation between what the implementation of technological solutions and the need to integrate processes for example of the application of solutions SOA (Service Oriented Architecture).
EN
In this article an attempt was made to answer the question of why economic policy must not only perceive the process of globalization and integration, but should also be led in a way which would exploit the opportunities created for the Polish economy by globalization and economic integration. This particularly applies to developing a long-term strategy for socio-economic growth, and implementation of structural policy, which is financed by the European Union.
EN
Planning, including planning in logistics, consists the primary function of management, as it is logically and chronologically first in the management process. The efficiency of the subsequent activities in the company depends on the proper realization of this stage. Therefore, finding possibilities of improving this part of management process, aimed at reducing the risk of undertaken planning decisions, creates an important issue in the research activity. One of the possible ways of improving planning process is to integrate it within internal company’s activity, as well as to include it to cooperation with partners. As a result, the aim of this article is to identify needs and opportunities of integration for selected planning levels in company’s work.
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