Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Z toponimii pogranicza polsko-ruskiego: Cucułowce i Czupernosów

100%

Czapla A.

Językoznawstwo

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2016

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tom 10

63-68

EN

In the article entitled From the place names of the Poland-Russia borderline: Cucułowce and Czupernosów the author is trying to explain the etymology and further transformation of two place names from the area of the historical Lviv land. In the studies on the area of the former Republic of Poland they occur as completely or partly ambiguous, therefore it is attempted to authenticate the proposed clarification.

2

O sposobach tworzenia nazw miejscowości w świetle etymologii ludowej

80%

Rogowska-Cybulska E.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

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2015

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nr 19

271-283

EN

The paper discusses the ways in which Polish place names were created, in the light of their folk etymologies. The author uses the example of selected morphological reinterpretations of place names from various regions of Poland. By comparing folk-etymologized place names, and the words and expression that they indicate as bases for derivation, the paper shows that, in fact, folk etymology divides Polish toponyms into similar structural categories as scientific etymology: the primary, the secondary, and the compound. Very few re-etymologized place names do not fit into any of these types. In details, however, pseudoetymologies differ from the results of onomastic research with regard to the methods of creation of place names. Among other differences, the former tend to prefer certain structural types, especially compounds, and display a greater degree of tolerance for phonetic differences.

3

W sprawie poprawnej klasyfikacji nazwy wodnej kurzyna

80%

Sosnowski J. , Witczak K. T.

Slavia Occidentalis

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2015

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nr 72/1

197-200

PL

According to Jerzy Duma (1999a: 135; 1999b: 93) and Urszula Bijak (2013: 156), the river name Kurzyna (attested in 1564–1565), referring to the upper course of the river Wolbórka, derives from the appellative kura (f.) ‘hen’ or perhaps from the personal name *Kura by the means of the suffix *-ina. This explanation seems impossible for formal reasons. The river name in question is evidently motivated by the forest name Kurzyna (located near the town Tuszyn), mentioned by Jan Łaski (silva dicta Kurzyna) as early as in 1511–1522. Łaski informed also that a small stream flows out from the forest Kurzyna (in torrente ex Cyrzyna decurrente). It is suggested that the name of the forest Kurzyna derives from the Old Polish noun kurzyna (f.) ‘beard lichen, Usnea barbata (L.) Weber’. The river name Kurzyna repeats undoubtedly the homonymic forest name.

4

Etymologie nienaukowe nazw miejscowości w Podaniach i legendach pomorskich Romualda Frydrychowicza

80%

Rogowska-Cybulska E.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2019

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tom 26

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nr 1

135-155

EN

The article describes thirteen folk (unscientific) etymologies of eleven place names included in Romuald Fryderowicz’s 2013 book Podania i legendy pomorskie zebrane w latach 1914–1922 [Pomeranian legends collected in the years 1914–1922]. A folk etymology is defined as ‘scientifically incorrect explanation of the origins of a word based on the similarity of its form to other words or other casual associations’.The analysed pseudo‑etymologies concern the following place names: Borkowo, Górzno, Osie, Przechowo, Rudki, Tleń, Tuchola, Warzno, Wysin, Zawory and Zblewo; the book devotes two pseudo-etymologies to Tuchola and Wysin each. Some of these pseudo etymologies come from a field exploration, but as much as seven of them occur to be pseudo-scientific. The author uses this term for unprofessional (contrary to onomastic methodology) explanations of the structure and meaning of a word using the research results of various scientific disciplines, especially history.

5

Polskie nazwy służebne związane z funkcjonowaniem i ochroną średniowiecznych szlaków komunikacyjnych

80%

Sosnowski J. , Witczak K. T.

Slavia Occidentalis

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2016

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nr 73/1

145-156

PL

The article focuses on two different categories of Old Polish service peasants, which were connected with operating and maintaining medieval routes (roads) in the Polish state under the early Piast dynasty. The first question, discussed by the authors, refers to the Polish place name Czastary (Wieluń district), which seems to represent a service village, inhabited earlier by “road-workers” (Lat. stratifices) originally called *castari (< Proto-Slavic *cěstarjь, pl. *cěstarji). The second problem concerns Old Polish “bridge-makers”. It is suggested, on the basis of the toponomastical data (see three Polish place names Bierwce, Bierniki and Biernik), that the peasants who were obliged to create bridges or foot-bridges, were called *bi(e)rwci (< Proto-Slavic *brъvьсi) or *bi(e)rwnici (< Proto-Slavic *brъvьnici).

6

Material traces of past cultures as a motive for the creation of Spanish place names

71%

Ruhstaller S. , Gordón Peral M. D.

Onomastica

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2022

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tom 66

125-146

EN

Place names referencing the material traces of past cultures are relatively common in the microtoponymy, of Spanish-speaking areas. Since they were created by rural speech communities completely lacking in historical and archaeological culture, they make it possible to reconstruct how realities of archaeological interest (fragments of tools and building materials, ruins of buildings, dolmens, menhirs, tombs, old coins, inscriptions, engraved or painted cave art, among others) were popularly perceived and interpreted long before becoming objects of scientific study. Taking an extensive toponymic corpus as its starting point, this paper presents an exhaustive classification of such names, differentiating those of a purely descriptive nature from those intended to provide answers to questions concerning the origins, age, and purpose of the enigmatic discoveries. This toponomastic analysis facilitates the rigorous study of the process of onymic creation and its underlying motives.

7

Toponymie moderního sídliště - na příkladu pátého stavebního obvodu městské části Ostrava-Poruba

70%

David J. , Místecký M.

Acta onomastica

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2016

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tom 57

26-37

EN

This study is focused on the survey of a non-standardized (popular) toponymy of the fifth district of the municipal borough of Ostrava-Poruba, which was established, as a prototypical socialistic housing estate, from the 1940s to the 1980s. The green-field establishment of a self-sufficient city, the yard-based shaping of the construction, and the way the standardized toponymical structure was politically charged (commemorative names) became the main triggers and background of the development of popular urban names; these are studied from two different social groups’ points of view. The research started in a family whose three generations had been closely linked to the district; this survey was followed by another one, focusing on pupils of the local elementary school.

8

National minorities languages in the public space. Is it the change in the linguistic landscape in Poland?

70%

Łodziński S.

Nauka

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2019

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nr 3

EN

The main object of this article is to present the history of the establishing legal regulations in Poland concerning additional place names and other official signs in the languages of national minorities. This process has been always very difficult, because as it teaches the experience of many European countries, it affects issues related the national identity, the role of the national language in the stateand the tradition of recognizing linguistic diversity in a given country. In the article, I will try to show that the introduction of such regulations in Poland has been with the one hand an important, perhaps even historical, change in the functioning of the Polish society and administration which consisted of official admission of other languages into the public sphere thus violating the dominant tradition of Polish language dominance in the country. From the other hand, the presence of a minority place-names indicates a change in the way in which minority groups publicly present their ethnic identities. It takes place not only through maintaining national cultures and learning the mother tongue but also through increased visual presence in the public sphere.

9

Gyvenamųjų vietovių vardai – nematerialusis šalies kultūros paveldas

70%

Kavoliutė F.

Geografijos Metraštis

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2014

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tom 47

88-102

EN

The article presents a discussion about the place names of village and steading communities, their semantic meaning and cultural value of intrinsic information. A group of place names related with the notion “sergėti” (guard) is analysed. For revealing their meaning, historical sources are employed and the natural environment of the villages and steadings is analysed. In parallel, the historical development of territorial communities is surveyed pointing out the complicated status of traditional territorial communities after the Soviet years (during the Soviet years, 5 600 villages and steadings were annihilated) and too slowly changing comprehension of social–territorial units by modern society. The necessity to safeguard all place names of territorial communities annihilated during the Soviet years as intangible cultural heritage is emphasised. References 51. Figs 8. In Lithuanian, summary in English.

10

A Systemic Approach to the Analysis of Slavic (Ukrainian and Polish) Oikonymy from a Diachronic Perspective

70%

Redkva Y.

Onomastica

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2017

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tom 61

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nr 2

367-379

EN

The article traces the formation of the oikonymic system, toponymic space and toponymic landscape, twenty-four place names of of Shchyrets povit in the Lviv Land Ruske Voivodeship over the 14th to the 15th centuries, using a systemic approach to analysis of historical Western Ukrainian oikonymy. The onset of certain derivational and semantic types of place names models are also established in the article, i.e.: *-any (Dobrzany/Dobriany, Łubiany/Liubiany), *-ovъ (Krasów/Krasiv; Kahujów/Kahuyiv; Tatarynów/Tataryniv), plural (patronymic, lineage, ethnic) names (Horbacze/Horbachi, Honiatycze/Honiatychi, Koniuszki/Koniushky, Sroki/Soroky, Czerkasy/Cherkasy, Nowosiółki/Novosilky), physiographic names (Piaski/Pisky, Ostrów/Ostriv). These names are elements of a language system (to be more precise of two intertwined systems - Ukrainian and Polish), and they were created and adapted by their speakers in accordance with the laws of the system, and genetically connected with the community that populated the area.

11

Od dawnego do współczesnego Poznania w kryminale

60%

Nowak M.

Adeptus

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2017

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nr 9

EN

From old-time to modern Poznań in detective storiesThe article discusses the image of Poznań in detective fiction written after 1989. The criminal stories were selected in such a way that their action takes place in different times, the purpose of the paper is to show how the choice of names affects the understanding of the novel’s content and compare the names used by the author with the real urban nomenclature with that of Poznan, both presently and in the period in which the piece is set. The main question posed is whether the time of action influences the selection of proper names and how the proper names were chosen for novels in which action takes place in earlier periods: whether the author uses historical urbanonyms, present ones or adopts a different strategy altogether. The article aims to show how the picture of Poznań is created in detective stories and how much it corresponds to reality. Od dawnego do współczesnego Poznania w kryminaleArtykuł pokazuje obraz Poznania w kryminałach napisanych po roku 1989. Kryminały zostały wybrane w taki sposób, aby ich akcja rozgrywała się w różnych czasach. Celem pracy jest pokazanie, jak dobór nazw własnych wpływa na zrozumienie treści dzieła oraz porównanie nazw z ówczesnym i współczesnym nazewnictwem miejskim Poznania. Główne pytanie stawiane w pracy dotyczy tego, czy czas akcji wpływa na dobór onimów oraz jak wygląda dobór onimów w kryminałach z akcją osadzoną we wcześniejszych latach. Czy autor odzwierciedla w powieści funkcjonujące wówczas realnie urbanonimy, opiera się na stanie współczesnym, czy obiera jeszcze inną strategię? Artykuł ma pokazać, jak kształtuje się przestrzeń Poznania w kryminale i czy historycznie oraz współcześnie odpowiada stanowi faktycznemu.

12

Bohemian Manchester, Moravian Klondike and Silesian Versailles: Attributive structures of foreign place names in contemporary Czech journalism

60%

David J. , Semian M.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

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2015

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tom 76

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nr 2

129-148

EN

Exonyms – i.e. toponyms of the type Rakousko, Benátky (‘Austria’, ‘Venice’) – were introduced to the Czech landscape (along with foreign endonyms) in medieval times. During the 19th century, a new, specific application of foreign place names began to appear, and this development forms the focus of the present article. Such words began to feature in attributive structures of the type český, pražský (‘Czech’ or ‘Bohemian’, ‘Prague’s’) + exonym / foreign endonym; many of these structures came into widespread use referring to areas whose boundaries were not clearly delineated or defined, or they served the purposes of marketing and advertising. In the 1990s, the growing influence of a “new” European regionalism and the formation of new territorial entities was accompanied by a revival of some old regional identities – and, in turn, by the revival of their names. Attributive structures with foreign place names thus began to re-appear in toponymy, and also in advertising or journalism. The analysis presented in this article is based on the SYN PUB component of the Czech National Corpus, and it focuses on the collocations of the lemmas český/moravský/slezský (‘Czech’ or ‘Bohemian’/‘Moravian’/‘Silesian’) + exonym / foreign endonym, aiming to offer insight into the reasons underlying the use of such structures in contemporary journalism.

13

Obraz księdza w etymologiach ludowych nazw polskich miejscowości

60%

Rogowska-Cybulska E.

Studia Gdańskie

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2018

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nr 42

209-230

PL

Artkuł poświęcony jest wizerunkowi kapłanów zawartemu w etymologiach ludowych nazw miast, miasteczek, osad i wsi, czyli w błędnych z naukowego punktu widzenia objaśnieniach pochodzenia jakiegoś wyrazu, opartych na podobieństwie jego formy do innych wyrazów lub na innych swobodnych skojarzeniach. Okazuje się, że obraz księdza odtworzony na podstawie wtórnych wykładni semantycznych wybranych nazw miejscowych nie jest zbyt bogaty, nie zawiera bowiem wielu istotnych cech składających się na ogólne wyobrażenie kapłana katolickiego, takich jak odprawianie mszy świętych, udzielanie sakramentów świętych innych niż chrzest, głoszenie kazań, prowadzenie katechezy, troska o sprawy finansowe parafii, mimo że motywy te można często spotkać w podaniach historycznych nieodnoszących się do pochodzenia nazwy miejscowej. Jednak z drugiej strony, twórcy podań etymologicznych stosunkowo dokładnie scharakteryzowali kapłanów w zakresie innych cech. W świetle poddanych analizie etymologii ludowych do zadań księży należą: udzielanie sakramentu chrztu świętego, krzewienie i obrona wiary, osobista pobożność, autorytet moralny, inicjowanie założenia i rozwoju danej miejscowości. Ponadto podania etymologiczne zwracają uwagę na pewne charakterystyczne materialne aspekty życia dawnych kapłanów: strój (komża), miejsce zamieszkania (plebania), sposób podróżowania (bryczka) oraz rozrywki (uczty i polowania).

EN

The article describes the image of priests presented in folk etymologies of the names of the cities, towns and villages, that is in explanations of the origins of words which are incorrect from the scholarly point of view, being based on the similarity of their form to other words. It turns out that the image of the priest which is created on the grounds of secondary semantic interpretations of selected places is not especially rich, since it does not refer to many of the essential activities which constitute the general image of a Catholic priest, such as saying mass, administering other sacraments such as baptism, preaching, giving religious instruction, looking after the financial issues of the parish. However, all these motifs can often be found in historical legends which do not refer to the origins of the place names. On the other hand, the makers of legends described priests relatively precisely in terms of other features. In the light of the analysed folk etymologies, priests are responsible for giving the sacrament of baptism, propagating and defending the faith, setting an example of personal piety and moral authority, initiating the creation and development of the place and its surroundings. Furthermore, the legends focus attention on certain characteristic material aspects of priests’ lives, such as vestments (surplice), place of residence (presbytery), means of transport (britzka) and entertainment (feasts and hunting).

14

The Undying Controversy of the Presence of Slavs on the Island of Crete. Remarks on a New Book by Pantelis Haralampakis

60%

Kaczyńska E. , Witczak K. T. , Grabski M.

Studia Ceranea

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2019

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tom 9

725-733

EN

The paper demonstrates the current state of research on the presence of Slavs on the island of Crete in the Middle Ages, as well as in the modern times. The basis for the discussion is a new book of Pantelis Haralampakis, published in 2016. There are numerous controversies surrounding the issues of the exact chronology of Slavic presence on the island, the lexical influence of South Slavic languages on the Cretan dialect of Modern Greek, as well as possible traces of Slavic settlements in the Cretan toponymy.

15

National minorities languages in the public space. Is it the change in the linguistic landscape in Poland?

60%

Łodziński S. , Łodziński S.

Nauka

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2019

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nr 3

16

Dwujęzyczne tablice z nazwami miejscowości na Opolszczyźnie: przejaw demokracji czy źródło nowych konfliktów?

60%

Choroś M.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2012

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nr 1(342)

127-142

EN

The law on national and ethnic minorities and regional language passed by the Polish Parliament regulates the rules of introducing additional place names and street names in German. It was commonly expected that adoption of this law would solve the problems, abate the emotions and mitigate apparent controversies connected with the expression of distinctness by national minorities. An attempt to describe the introduction of German places names in Upper Silesia is presented against the background of similar experiences in Poland and Europe. They show that the problem of bilingual place names is related to the emotional rather than the pragmatic sphere of life and is a visible element of the “policy of remembrance”. The most intense emotions and discussions were triggered by the introduction of additional names in German and Lemko. This demonstrates that the baggage of a troubled past has an enormous significance for the way in which those minorities are perceived today.

17

Možnosti studia toponym ve vztahu ke krajině, prostoru a identitě

60%

David J. , Mácha P.

Acta onomastica

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2012

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tom 53

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nr 1

28-46

EN

Place names have been systematically studied by various disciplines, including linguistics, history, geography, and anthropology. Most of these studies have, however, focused on the historical value of place names in documenting language change, the spread of human settlement, distribution of geomorphological objects and the evolution of legal practices in times past. Surprisingly little attention has been paid to contemporary place-naming practi-ces and the role they play in structuring social relations and reproducing social identities. After reviewing the principal linguistic, geographical and anthropological approaches to place names we propose a multidisciplinary approach which should help us better under-stand the importance and significance of place names in the perception and construction of every-day landscapes.

18

О транслитерации и транскрипции белорусских слов

51%

Kaleta R.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2017

|

tom 165

193-207

EN

The aim of the present paper is to describe the different variants of transliteration and transcription of Belarusian words, especially names and place names. In the article the most common international, Belarusian and Polish variants of the Belarusian alphabet transliteration and transcription were presented. There is need to work out one international names and place names transliteration standard.

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie różnych wariantów transliteracji i transkrypcji wyrazów białoruskich, zwłaszcza nazwisk i nazw geograficznych. W tekście zaprezentowano najpopularniejsze międzynarodowe, białoruskie i polskie systemy transliteracji i transkrypcji alfabetu białoruskiego oraz podkreślono ogromną potrzebę wypracowania jednego międzynarodowego standardu transliteracji, odnoszącego się zarówno do nazwisk, jak i nazw geograficznych.

19

Die altsorbischen Osěk- und Osěč- Namen

51%

Wenzel W.

Onomastica

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2021

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tom 65

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nr 1

99-105

EN

The Osěk- and Osěč- names form a small group of place names which designate settlements near a border barrier. The individual tribal areas were usually encircled by a wide band of primeval forest. In the early Middle Ages access to a tribal area was safeguarded by a border barrier. For this purpose one chopped off branches and tree tops at a height of two meters and thus created an impenetrable obstacle. The passage way was easy to control and defend. The Proto-Slavic words *osěkъ and *osěčь which refer to these constructions are derived from the Proto-Slavic verb *osěkati, meaning “to chop branches off the trees, to trim, hew trees”. In this article all respective place names of the Old Sorbian language area are compiled and historically documented. In addition, the site of a tribal area or an old traffic connection is described. A multicolored map illustrates the results of the research.

DE

Die Osěk- und Osěč- Namen bilden eine kleine Gruppe von Ortsnamen, die Siedlungen bei einem Grenzverhau benennen. Die einzelnen Stammesgebiete waren gewöhnlich von einer breiten Urwaldzone umgeben. Mit einem Grenzverhau sicherte man im frühen Mittelalter den Zugang zu einem Stammesgebiet. Zu diesem Zweck hackte man die Äste und Baumspitzen in zwei Meter Höhe ab und schuf so ein undurchdringliches Hindernis. Sein Durchgang war leicht zu kontrollieren und zu verteidigen. Die darauf bezugnehmenden Wörter urslaw. *osěkъ und *osěčь sind von urslaw. *osěkati ՙvon den Bäumen die Äste abhauen, die Bäume stutzen, behauen՚ abgeleitet. In dem Beitrag werden alle betreffenden Ortsnamen des altsorbischen Sprachgebietes zusammengestellt, historisch dokumentiert sowie die Lage bei einem Stammesgebiet oder bei einer alten Verkehrsverbindung beschrieben. Eine mehrfarbige Karte illustriert die Untersuchungsergebnisse.

20

Bałtyckie nazewnictwo Mazowsza

51%

Bednarczuk L.

Onomastica

|

2021

|

tom 65

|

nr 1

137-144

EN

As one could expect, the greatest number of the Baltic hydronyms and toponyms are featured in the northeastern part of the Mazovia region in the area of the confluence of the entire Narew and lower Bug. These are mainly names of rivers (35), less numerous are place names (24). The majority of these names is motivated by names featured in the area of historical Prussia and Yatvingia. Moreover, some of them even have direct equivalents in that region; references to the Lithuanian language are less common. This enables us to surmise that the prehistorical Mazovia region was inhabited by West Baltic people, and the Slavic colonizers reached this area in the late prehistorical period.