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Nauki laboratoryjne w ujęciu Iana Hackinga

100%

Krasiński A.

Filo-Sofija

2011

tom 11

nr 1(12)

385-396

In this text I focus attention on the concept of laboratory science created by Ian Hacking, According to Hacking’s theory, not all scientific experiments are laboratory experiments. Laboratory science created phenomena that seldom or never occur in a pure state in nature. In the second part of the text I analyze Hacking’s division of elements of laboratory science. There are three groups of elements: intellectual components, material things and results of experiment, in short: ideas, things and marks. The elements of laboratory in Hacking’s theory are used directly in the course of the experiment. Laboratory sciences are stable. Each element can be modified in order to match to each other. The stability of laboratory science is result of fact that theory and the laboratory equipment evolve in that way, that they match each other and mutually self-vindicating.

Enhancement of Supercritical Fluid Extraction in Membrane Cleaning Process by Addition of Organic Solvents

51%

Krzysztoforski J. , Krasiński A. , Henczka M. , Piątkiewicz W.

Chemical and Process Engineering

2013

tom 34

nr 3

403-414

In this study, the process of membrane cleaning by supercritical fluid extraction was investigated. Polypropylene microfiltration membranes, contaminated with oils, were treated in a batch process with a supercritical fluid (SCF). As extractant, pure supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide with admixtures of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol were used. Single-stage and multi-stage extraction was carried out and process efficiency was determined. The obtained results showed that addition of organic solvents significantly enhances the cleaning performance, which increases with increase of organic solvent concentration and decreases with increasing temperature. All three solvents showed a comparable effect of efficiency enhancement. The results confirmed that supercritical fluid extraction can be applied for polypropylene membrane cleaning.