Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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„Českoslovenství“ na konci světa: krajané na Tasmánii

100%

Brouček S.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2013

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tom 23

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nr 4

241 – 253

EN

Based on written materials, interviews and exiting literature, the study reveals the process of “experienced Czechoslovakism”with Czech and Slovak immigrants in Tasmania, who have immigrated since the 1950s until now. The study proceeds on two factors that influence their adaptation. The first one was the experience of a specific transfer, actually a repeated flight (especially with those who emigrated after 1948). The other factor consisted in the changing migration policy in Australia. The time and the problem relates to basic parameters of their new existence, which they understand as a space for self-expression. The experienced Czechoslovakism was implemented in the sense of the citizenship that was taken away of them, but to which they claimed their allegiance. This is a slight paradox, i.e. what they in fact did not have (the Czechoslovak citizenship) became their mutual bonds. When returning to their original homeland (after 1989), however, they found out that especially the quality of interpersonal relations both in the Czech Lands and in Slovakia did not correspond to the standards they got used to, and they perceived and practised in Tasmanian environment. This fact led the most of them to a more conscious identification with their new home in Tasmania and upset their intention to reemigrate back to Bohemia, Moravia or Slovakia.

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ZRÓŻNICOWANIE REGIONALNE WPŁYWU POAKCESYJNEJ EMIGRACJI Z POLSKI NA POZIOM PŁAC NA POLSKIM RYNKU PRACY

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Kowalska K.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2013

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tom 39

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nr 3(149)

123-146

EN

The purpose of this study is to analyse the regional diversification of the impact of post-accession emigration from Poland on the Polish labour market with particular focus on the wage formation process. The analysis is performed on the Polish LFS data from 2004 to 2011 and employes the measure of the elasticity of wages with respect to emigration. Results show significant differences in the wage adjustment processes to new labor market conditions caused by emigration from different regions. Differences were identified between groups of regions characterised by different scales of emigration, population densities, dominant types of residence, unemployment rates, and economic situations. A 10 percent decline in the labour supply due to emigration increases wages by about 1,5-6,5 percent, depending on the assumptions made.

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THE CHILDREN LEFT BEHIND AND THEIR PLACE IN THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE. THE CASE STUDY OF BABICA VILLAGE

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Kulpińska J.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2014

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tom 40

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nr 3(153)

203-218

EN

Babica is a village located in the Province of Podkarpacie. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries the emigration from this village to the United States took a considerable size. In the Interwar Period, research on this phenomenon was conducted in Babica by a Polish sociologist Krystyna Duda-Dziewierz. She presented the conclusions of her studies in the book: The Village of Malopolska and the American Emigration.. First migration streams flowing from Babica were dominated by men. The role of women was mainly limited to the companion feature, designed to deal with the house in the destination country. Present emigration from this village is characterized by the growing rate of feminization. Nowadays, the predominance of women can be easily observed among contemporary emigrants from Babica to the United States. These are mainly long-term migrations. Mainly due to the nature of work in the U.S., migrants leave their children in Poland. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of migration on children left behind, taking into account mainly: 1) the length of their parents’ stay abroad, 2) the emigration of one or both parents, 3) the status of caregivers of children, and an attempt to determine their position in the social structure.

4

BASKA, BARBARA, BARBARITA... EXILE IN POSTWAR POLISH WOMEN'S PROSE (Baska, Barbara, Barbarita... wygnanie w powojennej emigracyjnej prozie kobiecej)

100%

Karwowska B.

Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)

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2008

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nr 3(111)

68-87

EN

The article deals with the lives of postwar Polish emigration as portrayed in literary works by Polish émigré women writers. It begins with the 'domestic' theme whose prominence in the works in question can be at least partly explained by the fact that in Poland, for historical and political reasons, public and private spheres had acquired a different character than in the West. The blurring of the line separating the two spaces and the image of 'Matka Polka' (a patriotic mother) are then used as points of departure for the description and analysis of the role of women of the first generation of postwar émigrés as wives and mothers.

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Luigi Sturzo: antyfaszystowska działalność na emigracji (1933‒1945)

100%

Latosińska A.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

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2012

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nr 887

21-35

EN

The article presents the views of Luigi Sturzo with respect to fascism and his commitment to the fight against the totalitarian regime. The first part discusses the time Sturzo spent as an émigré in exile, right after the outbreak of World War II. The next part covers the subsequent events in his life and his connections with the Italian antifascist movement in the United States, the country he emigrated to after leaving London. The article follows Sturzo’s preparations to return to his beloved homeland, and his ongoing involvement in the struggle to improve the situation in Italy. The final part focuses on his contribution to the work on the peace treaty, striving to make it as advantageous to Italy as possible, and his attitude as a politician-priest to the referendum intended to decide his country’s political system.

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HUDOBNÁ TVORBA A AKTIVITY SLOVENSKÝCH HUDOBNÝCH SKLADATEĽOV V EMIGRÁCII A ICH REFLEXIA V SLOVENSKEJ MUZIKOLÓGII

100%

Juhaščiková A.

ESPES

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2017

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tom 6

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nr 1

22 – 28

EN

The study deals with music works and art activities of Slovak music composers in emigration. The main focus is on the revealing the answers on ˊifˊ and ˊhowˊ are the works and activities reflected in the theoretical works of Slovak musicology and aesthetics. The analysis of the primary and secondary sources is aimed to reveal the measure of influence of the composers ́ leave on the theoretical works written about them – either negative, positive or silencing (ignorance, overlooking, etc.). The objective is to draw the attention on information gaps in reflection of activities and works of these composers as well as in common knowledge on the personalities and their input into Slovak music culture.

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Jan Paweł II w trosce o emigrantów i Polonię

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Łukasz R.

Studia Socialia Cracoviensia

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2011

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nr 2(5)

63-81

EN

There is no doubt that Catholic Church activity abroad (outside of Poland) is very important element in building national-cultural awareness in life of Poles. Often times one can see in Catholic Church just the institutional structures. Of course, these structures have a huge meaning and important place in life of Church. But beside that dimension Church is most of all spiritual. That spiritual dimension points on the fact that in life of the Church on emigration participate more people than in life of organization. There should be a question raised: what is going to happen to Poles abroad? Are they going to give up to assimilation process in European Union, or maybe not: because of easy contact with Poland they will deepen their awareness and develop even more their cultural activity? Everything depends on the level of development of the national awareness. John Paul the Second often mentioned about this very important heritage of Church’s presence in polish emigration.

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FACTORS MOTIVATING THE POLISH ARMED FORCES IN THE WEST TO RETURN TO POLAND (Motywacje do powrotu zolnierzy PSZ na Zachodzie)

100%

Artymowski S.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2010

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tom 36

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nr 1(135)

5-21

EN

The motivations of soldiers belonging to the Polish Armed Forces in the West in deciding whether to return to Poland or remain abroad are extremely difficult to study, each soldier being guided by individual premises. However, some factors can be highlighted which played a decisive role for the majority of Polish Armed Forces members. They encompass: family considerations, financial reasons, attachment to Poland and the desire to pursue a military career. Other factors may have been fear of antagonism towards themselves or their families, or a need to maintain the bond with their unit or commander by taking the line of their brothers in arms. Living factors also affected soldiers' decision to repatriate. Problems with finding their feet abroad, finding a job as well as language barriers discouraged soldiers from staying abroad and influenced the number of applicants willing to return to Poland. The activities of immigration and communist authorities could have either encouraged or discouraged the decision to remain or return. Research progress and available data do not allow for the accurate gradation of the above-mentioned factors. However, there are some indications that decisions to return to Poland were primarily of a personal and family nature.

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ČETBA A LITERATURA V ŽIVOTĚ OPOČENSKÝCH NEKATOLÍKŮ NA PŘELOMU PRVNÍ A DRUHÉ TŘETINY 18. STOLETÍ

100%

Sorm P.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2007

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tom 94

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nr 3

257-282

EN

This paper deals the problem of secret non-catholicism in the northeast Bohemia at the end of the first third of the 18th century and its connection with the religions movement of local serfs. It points out the role of reading religious literature like the Bible, prager-books and hymn-books on secret non-catholics meetings. That was an irreplaceable part of their speeches as well as the role of religious legates from the milieu of Sorbian pietistical communities. A sudden abnormal concentration of religious emissaries in a small part of Opocno's manor, the spectre of newly smuggled books sold by emigrants even their apparent help with the formulation of requests of serfs to autorities and maybe the autorships of the creed of the religion gives evidence of a strong influence of emigration. In the Memorial's formal dogmatics we can find marked symptoms of the pietistical influence on the formulation of official request. We can assume that the text of the creed of the religion is not a local non-catholics production. It evidently grew out of a remarkably vague awareness of former faith of ancestors influenced by Lutheran pietism in the 18th century. The fading influence of the ideas of Czech reformations of 16th century can be seen even in the structure of non/catholic books. There prevails contraband books at the end of the first third of the 18th century. These books have a great influence on formalization of dogmatic that necessary to refer to the leading local figures of. Opocno events that happened in the September of 1732. It is not exceptional a use of catholics production. The reading of secret non/catholics in private and meetings and its structure deals ill-definated dogmatics positions of this rural community.

10

POLISH CHILDREN OF BARCELONA (Polskie dzieci z Barcelony)

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Skaza D. , Zboralski T.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2009

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tom 35

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nr 1(131)

95-97

EN

In December 2008 Polish Honorary Consul and the Authorities of Barcelona prepared a meeting to commemorate the story of a group of Polish children that found a shelter in Catalonia after WW II. During the war about one hundred Polish children were taken from their parents to The Third Reich. According to the disgraceful project 'Lebensborn', they were being germanised. In 1946 Red Cross took them to Barcelona, where - in spite of economic problems - they could at last learn Polish culture. Wanda Tozer, The Secretary of Polish Honorary Consul, made the most for the children's education and material help. 62 years later it was extremely difficult to find out what happened with these Polish children. It is probably the very last moment to conduct the study, to find some sources, to interview the 'children' and to illuminate the story

11

Listy zza oceanu. W 50. Rocznicę śmierci Czesława Straszewicza – autora Turystów z bocianich gniazd

100%

Wejs-Milewska V.

Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze

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2013

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tom 4

361-377

EN

The fiftieth death anniversary of Czesław Straszewicz (1904-1963) makes a perfect opportunity to present the writers archival epistolary legacy from the emigration period, so far unpublished. The addressee of most of the writer’s letters is Jan Nowak-Jeziorański, the director of the Polish Section of Radio Free Europe as well as a few other workers of this radio station. This body of letters is complemented by letters of the writer’s wife, Ewa Roman-Straszewicz to Tadeusz Zawadzki and Nowak-Jeziorański, written after the death of the author of Turyści z bocianich gniazd [Tourists from stork nests].

12

MIGRATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT. THE REGIONAL LEVEL EFFECTS OF MIGRATIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF CANAR AND AZUAY PROVINCES IN THE SOUTHERN ECUADOR (Migracje a rozwój. Efekty migracji ...na przykladzie prowincji Canar i Azuay w poludniowym Ekwadorze)

100%

Tuz E.

Afryka, Azja, Ameryka Lacinska (Africa, Asia, Latin America )

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2008

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tom 84

51-60

EN

The article discusses whether and how the process of emigration may contribute to the development of local and national economy of the sending country, basing on the example of two Andean provinces - Azuay and Canar, Ecuador. In the first part the authoress presents some of the arguments on the issues such as the possible role of remittances sent by the emigrants, the danger of weakening of social ties and labour force resources due to the emigration. Transfers sent by the emigrants to their homelands can have a multiplying effect (of income) if they are spent on investments or goods produced in the homeland, however in reality they are often spent on basic consumption. On the social level emigration can have a positive and negative effect for the local community - on one hand migrations help to decrease the demographic pression in some regions, but at the same time there is a risk that the most skilled and enterprising persons will leave. Returning migrants though may transfer the knowledge and experience gained abroad. In the second part of the article, after a brief summary of the recent migration trends in Ecuador, the case of Azuay and Canar is presented. The authoress focuses on particularly interesting phenomenon of building the North American style villas by the emigrants in their rural communities of origin as an example of spending the transfers.

13

ŽIDOVSKÉ OBYVATELSTVO ČESKÝCH ZEMÍ A EMIGRACE: PŘÍČINY, ARGUMENTACE, DŮSLEDKY (LÉTA 1918 - 1939). K PROBLEMATICE ŽIDOVSKÝCH MIGRACÍ VE 20. STOLETÍ

100%

Soukupová B.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2022

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tom 70

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nr 1

16 - 29

EN

During the restless 20th century, Jews from the Czech lands repeatedly faced emigration. While it was their voluntary choice during the period of the first Czechoslovak Republic until the second half of the 1930s, concerning mainly Zionists (national Jews who left for Palestine as pioneers), the emigration from respected Czechoslovakia in the course of the next years was a response to the worsening political, economic, and social possibilities. After World War II, the community faced two emigration waves (from 1945 to 1948 and after 1968). The choice after the defeat of the Prague Spring can be considered an individual decision caused by the contemporary political and social situation. The study focuses not only on the nature of these emigration waves, but mainly on an analysis of the debates on emigration conducted within the structured Jewish community. The said opinions were presented not only within Jewish, but also within Czech society where emigrants were no longer considered part of the nation, especially after the February coup. The analysis covers also the structured relationship between those who left for abroad and the ones who stayed at home.

14

ETICS OF EXCLUSION. BRZOZOWSKI AND CONRAD (Etyka wykluczenie. Brzozowski i Conrad)

100%

Kowalczuk U.

Przeglad Filozoficzno-Literacki (Philosophical/Literary Review)

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2009

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tom 6

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nr 2(23)

159-191

EN

The article refers to ethical aspects of forming writers' roles amidst their ruffled relationship with the Polish community (accusations of treason and departure from the country in the case of Stanislaw Brzozowski and emigration and giving up creation in his native language in the case of Joseph Conrad), a process that results in a conviction that both being and not being a Polish writer is very difficult. The autobiographical texts of both authors confirm that their ideas of literary tasks focus on a few notions: offence, blemish, shame, and oppression. Brzozowski and Conrad's choices depend on the negative influence of ethical rules that mark out a XIX century writer's range of duties. Therefore, the writers' views of their intellectual activity result from the 'ethics of exclusion'.

15

Emigracja z Nadodrza Środkowego do Australii Południowej w XIX wieku. Zarys problematyki

100%

Maksymowicz A.

Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski

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2010

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tom 29

141-156

EN

The text is a comprehensive study of the 19th-century emigration to South Australia from the Central Oder River Basin, which at the time constituted the borderland of Prussian provinces Schlesien, Posen and Brandenburg. It describes the reasons of emigration, its historic progress, socio-demographic structure and its significance for the economic and cultural development of South Australia. The author uses authentic materials from public archives (Polish, German and Australian) and from private collections (gathered by the descendants of the emigrants). She also used German and Australian magazines and newspapers from the 19th century. From its beginnings, the history of South Australia has been related to the presence of Prussian immigrants, including those who came from the Central Oder River Basin (Germans and Poles). Since the early years of settlement they worked mainly as farmers and craftsmen. They funded the Lutheran Church in Australia, established the first Polish Church and school as well as first German schools on the continent. In terms of sheer numbers the immigrants from the Central Oder River Basin were not a large group, but they played an important role in the shaping of the socio-cultural identity of South Australia.

16

'And this Propaganda Has Been Striking New Rooths all the Time...'. (Letters from Poland Written in 1946)

100%

Borzyminska Z.

Kwartalnik Historii Żydow

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2007

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nr 2(222)

227-234

EN

Both documents are letters that were sent from Poland in 1946 to friends in America. They concern the fate and experiences of the authors in the period immediately after World War II, talk about the mood both among Poles and among Jews. As the letters are of a strictly private nature, the statements contained in them constitute valuable, uncensored testimony of Polish-Jewish relations during that period. The first document (a set of three letters) comes from a private collection. Its author's name remains unknown because she was hiding during the Nazi occupation in Warsaw using an alias and forged 'Aryan' ID. Neither is anything known about the person to whom the letter was addressed. The second document comes from YIVO Archives in New York, it was written by Jakub Rozenberg, an activist of the Jewish Committee in Dzierzoniów, and addressed to prominent historian Jakub Szacki.

17

Żydowscy mieszkańcy Dolnego Śląska. Od okresu powojennego do współczesności

88%

Waszkiewicz E.

Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne

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2011

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tom 12

248-257

EN

This article describes characteristics of the Jewish community, which in terms of number, was the largest in Lower Silesia created after the Second World War. Functioning Jewish schools, work and workshop co-operatives, community and cultural organisations, political parties and religious organisations (congregation of the Moses denomination — currently the name of the community) were dependent on domestic state politics and also on the international situation. Within the life of the Jewish community in Lower Silesia, it is possible to distinguish specific periods: 1945–1950, 1950–1957, 1957–1968, 1968–1989, 1989–2006 and 2006–2010. The study is an attempt to describe the community-religious dynamics of the Jews in Lower Silesia — from its prime, through times of emigration and extinction — to the first ten years of the twenty-first century which again has become a period of returning to the cultivation of Jewish identity in a spiritual and organisational sense. An important role in the organisational life of Lower Silesian Jews was played by legal regulations issued by the Polish state. Their description will also be included in the article.

18

EMIGRÁCIA Z ČESKOSLOVENSKA V OBDOBÍ STUDENEJ VOJNY V MODELI PUSH A PULL FAKTOROV

88%

Štefančík R.

Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy

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2015

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tom 8

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nr 1

31 – 48

EN

The author deals with the issue of emigration from a non-democratic in undemocratic states on the example of emigration from the former Czechoslovakia to West. The emigration during Cold War is analysed as a kind of individual choice of a not only rational actor, but also non-rational, who have to manage many obstacles to escape. This means that the emigration of Slovak and Czech refugees cannot be explained only by classical economic theories. For this reason the author is using push and pull paradigm as a suitable model. In contrast to classical theories by using this paradigm it will be explained the reasons of emigration, but there are also included physical, legislative and bureaucratic obstacles, as well as individual factors of emigrants.

19

Revolutionaries, Travelers, Emigrants: Questions of Identity in Hungarian Emigrant Accounts

88%

Venkovits B.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2015

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tom 41

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nr 4 (158)

229–246

EN

Travel accounts do not only record the experience of a journey and present unfamiliar lands and people to armchair travelers but they tell just as much about the self-perception and identity of the travel writer. This paper examines a special form of travel writing by analyzing emigrant accounts written by Hungarian revolutionaries in North America after 1849. The travelogues unveil the attitude of Hungarians both towards the home country and the New World and address questions of identity, highlighting the position of emigrants caught between two spaces – still Hungarian but already becoming increasingly American. The paper focuses on two travel writers/emigrants, Károly László and János Xántus, who became American citizens but also visited and worked in Mexico and wrote about both places in books and newspaper articles before returning to Hungary years later. The study introduces the concept of triangulation in these accounts and discusses how the (national) identity of these writers became more complicated with time, and how this complexity was reflected in writing.

20

Ortodoxní kněží v řecké emigraci na severní Moravě

88%

Hlavaty I.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2009

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tom 19

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nr 1

23-31

EN

The issues of the Greek minority in the Czech Republic, its arrival and development, is a matter of the always increasing number of professional texts whereby the most of them present the results of historical research work. Just a small part thereof is ethologically oriented. The contribution concerning the Greek priests in emigration has lifted the veil, metaphorically speaking, on the theme that is rather historical; its protagonists, however, had an essential influence on the life and traditions of the Greek community at the end of the 1940s, in the course of the entire 1950s and occasionally in the early 1960s. The essay analyses the structure of Greek emigration between 1948 and 1949 from the point of view of religiosity, and the role of a low number of Greek priests in the life of refugees. Because of their predominantly unofficial clerical activities within the community, only few written sources have survived. Therefore, the most data are based on the memories and materials of surviving contemporaries and family members. Nevertheless, those data give a quite plastic picture of how not only the faith, Orthodox traditions and through them also the fatherland's folk traditions were living at the first generation of refugees thanks to the work of Greek priests; they also show how the connected folk and Orthodox traditions are again brought to life at the contemporary Greek minority. The theme has been less investigated and the research is still running but one can presume - despite the decreasing number of survivors and the poor archive sources - the next extension of knowledge on the history and life of the Greek minority in the Czech Republic.