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STUDENTS, BUSINESSMEN, COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS AND CRAFTSMEN UNDER THE SCRUTINY OF HABSBURG PASSPORT POLICY IN THE 1815-1848 (Slovak title below)

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Chvojka M.

Historický časopis (Historical Journal)

2010

tom 58

nr 3

415-437

(Slovak title: Studenti, obchodnici, obchodni cestujuci a remeselnicki tovarisi pod drobnohladom habsburskej pasovej politiky v rokoch 1815 - 1848). This study is concerned with analysis and interpretation of Habsburg policy on passports and foreign visitors in relation to four specific groups. It enables us to penetrate into the 'everyday' struggle of the Austrian police to preserve the status quo in the Habsburg Monarchy in the period of formation of the ideologies of liberalism, nationalism and communism. Thorough verification of people entering the territory of the Austrian Empire, careful investigation of all possible 'harmful' influences from which it was necessary to protect the population, 'hermetic' closure of frontiers on one side, and the economic pressures of international co-operation, development of intellectual culture, national movements, bureaucratization with typical 'holes in the laws' and expressions of official sloppiness on the other, represent the main limits within which Austrian passport policy moved in the first half of the 19th century.

Habsburské koncepty vnútornej bezpečnosti po Viedenskom kongrese (1815–1820). Príklad Moravy a Sliezska

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Chvojka M.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

2016

tom 114

nr 4

968-994

In this study, the author uses Daase’s concept of extended security to analyse the main line of the Habsburg monarchy’s territorial stabilisation between 1815 and 1820 in the context of preserving the status quo and preventing the outbreak of new wars and revolutions in Europe. Using the example of the provinces of Moravia and Silesia, it then specifically looks at the issues of establishing a secret political police, detecting and monitoring dangerous persons and last but not least investigating public opinion before the Congress of Troppau in 1820.

THE STRUGGLE OF THE HABSBURG POLICE WITH THE SECRET ITALIAN CARBONARI MOVEMENT AFTER THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA (Zapas habsburskej policie s tajnym hnutim talianskych karbonarov po Viedenskom kongrese)

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Chvojka M.

Historický časopis (Historical Journal)

2008

tom 56

nr 2

223-248

This study is concerned with the confrontation between the Habsburg state police and the widespread secret Italian Carbonari movement after the Congress of Vienna. One side had the aim of securing the status quo in the multi-national Austrian Empire, while the other aimed at the creation of a united Italian state. A wide range of police methods are presented, starting with the organization of the police institutions in the Kingdom of Lombardy and Venetia (the General Police Directorates and Post Offices in Milan and Venice), and continuing with the reports of Austrian representatives abroad and cooperation with the individual Italian governments, expressed in rigorous passport, censorship and police regulations and measures. These methods ended with attempts to eliminate real and possible representatives of the opposition, either legally as in the cases of Pellico, Confalonieri or Maroncelli or in some cases arbitrarily as with Maghella.