Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The Vertical Jump Height of Soccer Players after Static Overstretching

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Vasconcellos F. , De Salles P. , Junior A. , De Mello D. , Dantas E.

Human Movement

|

2012

|

tom 13

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nr 1

4-7

EN

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of static overstretching on performing a vertical jump. Methods. A methodological model was used, using descriptive and comparative methods on 45 randomly selected under-15-year-old male soccer players. Three jump test measurements were taken over a period of several days, where the first measurement included a pre-test in order to familiarize the athletes with using a contact mat, where maximum vertical jump height was recorded as a control. The second measurement had the athletes perform a vertical jump after static overstretching of the lower limbs. The third test had the athletes perform another vertical jump with no overstretching as another control. Results. The results found a significant difference in vertical jump heights (Δ% = 34.1%, p < 0.05), with jumps performed after static overstretching to be much lower. Conclusions. The usage of such a static overstretching method negatively influences the vertical jump within the tested group of under-15 male soccer players.

2

Effects of Different Intensities of Flexibility Training on Explosive Force

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Galdino L. , Nogueira C. , e Silva Galdino E. , de Lima J. , de Souza Vale R. , Dantas E.

Human Movement

|

2010

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tom 11

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nr 2

162-166

EN

Purpose. To verify whether there are changes in the performance levels of the explosive force when the same muscle group previously underwent different intensities of flexibility training (stretch & flex). Basic procedures. The tests were performed with 25 females on three consecutive days and were preceded by a 10-minute warm-up period. First, each participant performed a maximum vertical jump on a contact platform. The jump was repeated after 10 minutes, and the first day was considered the control (C). On the second day, a routine of stretching exercises (S) was included, and on the third day, the same routine, but intensified with a maximum static stretching exercises (flexibilizing - F), was used. Main findings. The height reached in the control jump decreased by 0.17%, showing no influence on the performance when the jump happened on the same day, with a time-interval of only 10 minutes (p = 0.903). On the day of the stretching routine, there was a reduction of 3.6% (p = 0.001), and on the third day with flexibilizing, there was a 6.8% reduction (p = 0.001). A comparison of the groups showed no significant differences between them. Conclusions. The jumps after the two stretching routines were significantly lower. Submaximal or maximal (flexibilizing) stretching exercises reduced the explosive force of vertical jumps, although the differences between the training intensities were not significant.

3

The Effects of Acoustic Disturbance on Anaerobic Endurance in Female Volleyball Players

100%

Sienkiewicz-Dianzenza E. , Baranowska M. B. , Stupnicki R.

Human Movement

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2015

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tom 16

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nr 1

33-35

EN

Purpose.The purpose of the study was to assess anaerobic endurance in volleyball players through repeated vertical jump performance under quiet and noisy conditions. Methods. A group of 12 female players aged 19-28 year completed six sets of eight standing vertical jump jumps; jump height and heart rate before and after the protocol were measured in quiet and noisy (fan cheering) conditions. Results. Maximum and minimum vertical jump heights were higher and intragroup differences were smaller in noisy than quiet conditions. Conclusions. Vertical jump testing, a measure of physical activity typical of volleyball, is suitable for monitoring training effects. The influence of noise typical during volleyball matches had a positive effect on player performance and anaerobic endurance.

4

Effects of Strength Training Combined with Specific Plyometric exercises on body composition, vertical jump height and lower limb strength development in elite male handball players: a case study

100%

Carvalho A. , Mourão P. , Abade E.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2014

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tom 41

|

nr 1

125-132

EN

The purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of a strength training program combined with specific plyometric exercises on body composition, vertical jump (VJ) height and strength development of lower limbs in elite male handball players. A 12-week program with combined strength and specific plyometric exercises was carried out for 7 weeks. Twelve elite male handball players (age: 21.6 ± 1.73) competing in the Portuguese Major League participated in the study. Besides the anthropometric measurements, several standardized jump tests were applied to assess VJ performance together with the strength development of the lower limbs in an isokinetic setting. No significant changes were found in body circumferences and diameters. Body fat content and fat mass decreased by 16.4 and 15.7% respectively, while lean body mass increased by 2.1%. Despite small significance, there was in fact an increase in squat jump (SJ), counter movement jump (CMJ) and 40 consecutive jumps after the training period (6.1, 3.8 and 6.8%, respectively). After the applied protocol, peak torque increased in lower limb extension and flexion in the majority of the movements assessed at 90°s-1. Consequently, it is possible to conclude that combining general strength-training with plyometric exercises can not only increase lower limb strength and improve VJ performance but also reduce body fat content.

5

A comparison of mechanical parameters between the counter movement jump and drop jump in Biathletes

100%

Król H. , Mynarski W.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2012

|

tom 34

|

nr 1

59-68

EN

The main objective of the study was to determine to what degree higher muscular activity, achieved by increased load in the extension phase (eccentric muscle action) of the vertical jump, affects the efficiency of the vertical jump. Sixteen elite biathletes participated in this investigation. The biathletes performed tests that consisted of five, single “maximal” vertical jumps (counter movement jump - CMJ) and five, single vertical jumps, in which the task was to touch a bar placed over the jumping biathletes (specific task counter movement jump - SCMJ). Then, they performed five, single drop jumps from an elevation of 0.4m (DJ). Ground reaction forces were registered using the KISTLER 9182C force platform. MVJ software was used for signal processing (Król, 1999) and enabling calculations for kinematic and kinetic parameters of the subject’s jump movements (on-line system). The results indicate that only height of the jump (h) and mean power (Pmean) during the takeoff are statistically significant. Both h and Pmean are higher in the DJ. The results of this study may indicate that elite biathletes are well adapted to eccentric work of the lower limbs, thus reaching greater values of power during the drop jump. These neuromuscular adaptive changes may allow for a more dynamic and efficient running technique.

6

The Effectiveness of Different Types of Verbal Feedback on Learning Complex Movement Tasks

100%

Niznikowski T. , Sadowski J. , Mastalerz A.

Human Movement

|

2013

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tom 14

|

nr 2

148-153

EN

Purpose. The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of different types of verbal feedback in the learning of a complex movement task. Methods. Twenty university students took part in a six-week training course learning how to correctly execute the vertical jump. The participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Group E&P received verbal feedback on errors made during movement execution and on how to improve, Group P obtained verbal feedback only when they correctly performed the task, and Group E was provided with verbal feedback only when an error was made. Performance was measured on three separate occasions, before the training course (pre-training), one day after (post-training) and seven days after completing the course (retention) by executing the vertical jump in front of three gymnastic judges who scored their performance on a scale of 1 to 10. Jump kinematics were also measured pre-training and post-training by recording landing force and flight time on a force platform. Results. Post-hoc comparison indicated that a significant improvement in performance was observed only in the group receiving verbal feedback on errors (E). Judges’ scores received in post-training were significantly higher than those measured pre-training (10.3 %; p < 0.0003) and further increased to 14.4 % in the retention test (p < 0.0001). Judges’ scores for the groups receiving verbal feedback on errors and correctness (E&P) and only correctness (P) improved insignificantly. Conclusions. Providing too much verbal feedback when learning the vertical jump turned out to be less effective than providing limited verbal feedback only when errors were made.

7

Interrelation of football players’ (13 to 14 years old) indices of movement in various directions

88%

Radziukynas D. , Zilinskiene N. , Kemeryte-Riaubiene E. , Grazulis D.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2015

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tom 09

|

nr 1

EN

The aim of the work – to establish motor skills peculiarities in young football players (aged 13 to 14 years). Methods of the research: Tests for speed and velocity and Tensodynamometry (Radžiukynas 1997). Average height of football players is 168 cm, their body mass – 55.84 kilos, BMI – 19.58. The vertical body movement speed in two foot take-off of the players is 2.49 m/sec, running results: in 10 m run – 1.88 sec (5.31 m/sec), in 20 m run – 3.31 sec (6.04 m/sec), in 30 m run – 4.68 sec (6.41 m/sec), jumping in hexagon area result – 17.16 sec, angular movement result – 2.35 m/sec. Individual movement skills are expressed by kinematic and kinetic indices of interaction with support, such as: squat time (0.348 sec), take-off duration (0.249 sec), squat speed (1.02 m/sec), squat depth (19.5 cm), reactivity of legs’ muscles (22.1 Hz), jump height (31.4 cm), absolute power of take-off (1555 N), relative capacity (28.5 W). Football players do not experience fatigue performing intense two foot vertical jumps, in average 45 jumps in 30 sec. Correlation analysis of all movement directions kinematic and kinetic indices relation significance highlighted the main indices which most objectively allow evaluation, prognosis, and correction of various directions movement level and abilities of young football players. Alteration of these indices’ significance interrelation shows peculiarities of athletes’ body functional systems’ adaptation to training loads, also serves as an effective methodical direction in improving preparation of young football players.

8

Acute Effects of Drop Jump Potentiation Protocol on Sprint and Countermovement Vertical Jump Performance

88%

Bomfim Lima J. , Marin D. , Barquilha G. , Da Silva L. , Puggina E. , Pithon-Curi T. , Hirabara S.

Human Movement

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2011

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tom 12

|

nr 4

324-330

EN

Purpose. Muscle post-activation potentiation (PAP) is a mechanism by which power twitch is increased after previous conditioning contractions. In this study, we determined the time-dependent effect of a loaded drop-jump protocol on sprint time and countermovement jump height in well-trained athletes. Methods. Ten athletes randomly performed the control and experimental protocols on two different days. As a pre-test, the athletes performed the vertical jump and 50 m sprint test for preload measurements. Then, the experimental or control protocol was randomly applied, where the control protocol was composed of the athletes remaining at rest for 10 min. In the experimental protocol, the athletes performed two sets of 5 drop jumps (0.75 m), with a 15 s interval between the jumps and a 3 min rest after each set. Then the vertical jump and 50 m sprint tests were performed again 5, 10, and 15 min after the protocol. Results. The experimental condition (drop jump potentiation protocol) increased performance in the vertical jump by 6% after 15 min (p < 0.01) and in the sprint by 2.4% and 2.7% after 10 and 15 min, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions. These findings suggest that the drop jump potentiation protocol increases countermovement vertical jump and sprint performance in high-performance athletes at different times, suggesting that PAP induction depends not only on the design of the protocol, but also on the effect of time and the type of exercise involved.

9

The Effects of an Alternative Training Method on Physical and Technical Abilities of Adolescent Soccer Players: A Pilot Study

88%

Bogiatzidis E. , Ispyrlidis I. , Gourgoulis V. , Bogiatzidou A. , Chatzinikolaou A. , Mantzouranis N. , Smilios I.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2022

|

tom 37

45-56

EN

This study examined the effects of an alternative strength training method during soccer training on the development of physical and technical abilities of youth soccer players. 17 soccer players (age: 15±0.5 years) were divided in a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG). The players of the EG wore a "weight shorts", with 300 gr of additional weight on each thigh, while they participated into 3 regular soccer training sessions per week, for 12 weeks. The CG followed the same training program without wearing the “weighted shorts”. Before and after 12 weeks of training, anthropometric characteristics, 10- and 30- m speed, the Arrowhead change-of-direction test, the Illinois agility test with ball, the countermovement jump, and the 5-repetition maximum (5RM) load at the split squat, leg extension and leg curl were measured. The EG improved significantly (p< 0.05) more in comparison with the CG in countermovement jump, leg extension and split squat (left leg) 5RM load. The addition of weights on the thighs using special shorts during soccer training sessions leads to increased jumping ability and lower limbs maximal strength in youth soccer players.

10

Relationships Between Vertical Jump and Full Squat Power Outputs With Sprint Times in U21 Soccer Players

88%

López-Segovia M. , Marques M. , van den Tillaar R. , González-Badillo J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2011

|

tom 30

135-144

EN

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between power variables in the vertical jump and full squat with the sprint performance in soccer players. Fourteen under-21 soccer players were evaluated in two testing sessions separated by 7 days. In the first testing session, vertical jump height in countermovement was assessed, and power output for both loaded countermovement jump (CMJL) and full squat (FS) exercises in two progressive load tests. The second testing session included sprinting at 10, 20, and 30m (T10, T20, T30, T10-20, T10-30, T20-30). Power variables obtained in the loaded vertical jump with 20kg and full squat exercise with 70kg showed significant relationships with all split times (r=-0.56/-0.79; p≤ 0.01/0.01). The results suggest that power produced either with vertical jump or full squat exercises is an important factor to explain short sprint performance in soccer players. These findings might suggest that certain levels of neuromuscular activation are more related with sprint performance reflecting the greater suitability of loads against others for the improvement of short sprint ability in under-21 soccer players.

11

Relationship Between Repeated Sprint Performance and both Aerobic and Anaerobic Fitness

88%

Dardouri W. , Selmi M. A. , Sassi R. H. , Gharbi Z. , Rebhi A. , Yahmed M. H. , Moalla W.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2014

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tom 40

|

nr 1

139-148

EN

The aims of this study were firstly, to examine the relationship between repeated sprint performance indices and anaerobic speed reserve (AnSR), aerobic fitness and anaerobic power and secondly, to identify the best predictors of sprinting ability among these parameters. Twenty nine subjects (age: 22.5 ± 1.6 years, body height: 1.8 ± 0.1 m, body mass: 68.8 ± 8.5 kg, body mass index (BMI): 22.2 ± 2.1 kg•m-2, fat mass: 11.3 ± 2.9 %) participated in this study. All participants performed a 30 m sprint test (T30) from which we calculated the maximal anaerobic speed (MAnS), vertical and horizontal jumps, 20m multi-stage shuttle run test (MSRT) and repeated sprint test (10 x 15 m shuttle run). AnSR was calculated as the difference between MAnS and the maximal speed reached in the MSRT. Blood lactate sampling was performed 3 min after the RSA protocol. There was no significant correlation between repeated sprint indices (total time (TT); peak time (PT), fatigue index (FI)) and both estimated VO2max and vertical jump performance). TT and PT were significantly correlated with T30 (r=0.63, p=0.001 and r=0.62, p=0.001; respectively), horizontal jump performance (r = -0.47, p = 0.001 and r = -0.49, p = 0.006; respectively) and AnSR (r=-0.68, p= 0.001 and r=-0.70, p=0.001, respectively). Significant correlations were found between blood lactate concentration and TT, PT, and AnSR (r=-0.44, p=0.017; r=-0.43, p=0.018 and r=0.44, p=0.016; respectively). Stepwise multiple regression analyses demonstrated that AnSR was the only significant predictor of the TT and PT, explaining 47% and 50% of the shared variance, respectively. Our findings are of particular interest for coaches and fitness trainers in order to predict repeated sprint performance by using AnSR that can easily identify the respective upper performance limits supported by aerobic and anaerobic power of a player involved in multi-sprint team sports.

12

The Influence of an Additional Load on Time and Force Changes in the Ground Reaction Force During the Countermovement Vertical Jump

88%

Vaverka F. , Jakubsova Z. , Jandacka D. , Zahradnik D. , Farana R. , Uchytil J. , Supej M. , Vodicar J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2013

|

tom 38

191-200

EN

The aim of this study was to determine how an additional load influences the force-vs-time relationship of the countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ). The participants that took part in the experiment were 18 male university students who played sport recreationally, including regular games of volleyball. They were asked to perform a CMVJ without involving the arms under four conditions: without and with additional loads of 10%, 20%, and 30% of their body weight (BW). The vertical component of the ground reaction force (GRF) was measured by a force plate. The GRF was used to calculate the durations of the preparatory, braking, and acceleration phases, the total duration of the jump, force impulses during the braking and acceleration phases, average forces during the braking and acceleration phases, and the maximum force of impact at landing. Results were evaluated using repeated-measures ANOVA. Increasing the additional load prolonged both the braking and acceleration phases of the jump, with statistically significant changes in the duration of the acceleration phase found for an additional load of 20% BW. The magnitude of the force systematically and significantly increased with the additional load. The force impulse during the acceleration phase did not differ significantly between jumps performed with loads of 20% and 30% BW. The results suggest that the optimal additional load for developing explosive strength in vertical jumping ranges from 20% to 30% of BW, with this value varying between individual subjects.

13

Effect of Various Warm-Up Protocols on Jump Performance in College Football Players

88%

Pagaduan J. C. , Pojskić H. , Užičanin E. , Babajić F.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2012

|

tom 35

|

nr 1

127-132

EN

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of warm-up strategies on countermovement jump performance. Twenty-nine male college football players (age: 19.4 ± 1.1 years; body height: 179.0 ± 5.1 cm; body mass: 73.1 ± 8.0 kg; % body fat: 11.1 ± 2.7) from the Tuzla University underwent a control (no warm-up) and different warm-up conditions: 1. general warm-up; 2. general warm-up with dynamic stretching; 3. general warm-up, dynamic stretching and passive stretching; 4. passive static stretching; 5. passive static stretching and general warm-up; and, 6. passive static stretching, general warm-up and dynamic stretching. Countermovement jump performance was measured after each intervention or control. Results from one way repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant difference on warm-up strategies at F (4.07, 113.86) = 69.56, p < 0.001, eta squared = 0.72. Bonferonni post hoc revealed that a general warm-up and a general warm-up with dynamic stretching posted the greatest gains among all interventions. On the other hand, no warm-up and passive static stretching displayed the least results in countermovement jump performance. In conclusion, countermovement jump performance preceded by a general warmup or a general warm-up with dynamic stretching posted superior gains in countermovement jump performance.

14

The Relationship Between Muscle Strength, Anaerobic Performance, Agility, Sprint Ability and Vertical Jump Performance in Professional Basketball Players

88%

Alemdaroğlu U.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2012

|

tom 31

149-158

EN

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between isokinetic knee strength, anaerobic performance, sprinting ability, agility and vertical jump performance in first division basketball players. Twelve male first division basketball players participated in this study. The mean age was 25.1 ± 1.7 yrs; mean body height 194.8 ± 5.7 cm; mean body mass 92.3± 9.8 kg; mean PBF 10.1± 5.1; and mean VO2max 50.55 ± 6.7 ml/kg/min. Quadriceps and hamstrings were measured at 60° and 180°/s, anaerobic performance was evaluated using the Wingate anaerobic power test, sprint ability was determined by single sprint performance (10-30 m), jump performance was evaluated by countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) tests and agility performance was measured using the T drill agility test. Quadriceps strength was significantly correlated with peak power at all contraction velocities. However, for mean power, significant correlation was only found between the 60° left and 180° right knee quadriceps measurements. No measure of strength was significantly related to the measurements from/results of field tests. Moreover, strong relations were found between the performance of athletes in different field tests (p< 0.05). The use of correlation analysis is the limitation of the this study.

15

The bilateral strength and power asymmetries in untrained boys

75%

Maly T. , Zahalka F. , Mala L. , Cech P.

Open Medicine

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2014

|

tom 10

|

nr 1

EN

The aim of the study was to identify the level of isokinetic strength and power of lower limbs in 13-year- old untrained boys (n=22, height: 158.5±8.0 cm, mass: 49.1±12.6 kg), to determine bilateral deficit between the limbs in the tests and examine their mutual relationship. Maximum peak muscle torque of knee extensors (PTQ) and flexors (PTH) on dominant (DL) and non-dominant leg (NL) were measured by isokinetic dynamometer. Three types of a vertical jump: countermovement jump with (CMJFA) and without arms (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) were performed on two force platforms. We found the significant effect (p<.01) of independent vari- ables (knee extensors, flexors, AV) and their interaction on PT. AV did not indicate any significant effect on bilat- eral ratio of knee extensors (F4,84=.74, p>.05, ηp2=0.03), however a significant effect of AV was found in knee flexors (F4,84=2.70,p<.05, ηp2=.114). The type of jump had no effect on the difference between force exerted by DL and NL (F1,21=.102, p>.05, ηp2=.01). Bilateral deficit (Q:Q, H:H) did not significantly correlate with bilateral deficit in jumps (p>.05). Despite the possibility of identifying muscle asymmetries in the sense of strength imbalances, their mutual relation- ship with results in isokinetic dynamometry and power jump tests is still unclear.

16

Evaluation of selected biomechanical parameters in female team sports players

63%

Pietraszewski B. , Struzik A.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

|

2013

|

tom Vol. 15, nr 4

103--108

EN

The aim of this research was to evaluate the biomechanical parameters of lower limbs and their influence on height of vertical jump. The research was conducted on a group of females practicing basketball and volleyball. The following equipment was used during the experiment: a force plate by Kistler, a Biometrics electrogoniometer and a specially designed chair to measure static torque by OPIW Opole. The results indicated that the jumping abilities of the examined athletes were poor. No statistically significant correlations were observed between knee static torque and heights of vertical jumps: CMJ and DJ. The authors suggest modification of the McClymont index (RSI) to evaluate the selection of platform height during plyometric training. Such modification would enable better choice of loads and better training control of the subject.

17

Balance disorders caused by running and jumping occurring in young basketball players

63%

Struzik A. , Zawadzki J. , Pietraszewski B.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

|

2015

|

tom Vol. 17, nr 2

103--109

EN

Purpose: Body balance, as one of the coordination abilities,is a desirable variable for basketball players as regards the necessity of efficient responses in constantly changing situations on a basketball court. The aim of this study was to check whether physical activity in the form of running and jumping influences variables characterizing the process of keeping body balance of a basketball player in the standing position. Methods: The research was conducted on 11 young basketball players. The measurements were taken with a Kistler force plate. Apart from commonly registered COP displacements, an additional variable describing the process of keeping body balance by a basketball player was ankle joint stiffness on the basis of which an “Index of Balance–Stiffness” (IB-S) was created. Results: Statistically significant differences were obtained for the maximum COP displacements and ankle joint stiffness between measurements of balance in the standing position before and after the employed movement tasks whereas there were no statistically significant differences for the aforementioned variables describing the process of keeping balance between measurements after running and after jumping. Conclusions: The research results indicate that the employed movement activities brought about significant changes in the process of keeping balance of basketball player in the standing position which, after the run performed, remain on a similar level to the series of jumps being performed. The authors attempted to establish an index based on the stiffness which yields a possibility to perceive each basketball player as an individual person in the process of keeping balance.

18

Jumping performance and take-off efficiency in two different age categories of female volleyball players

63%

Jandova S. , Janura M.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

|

2019

|

tom Vol. 21, nr 2

55--61

EN

Vertical jump height is recognised as a determinant factor in elite volleyball performance. In previous studies there are different opinions on whether vertical jump height performance improves during maturation or not. The aim of this study was to assess the differences in jumping abilities in two different age groups of female volleyball players and to determine the take-off efficiency during repeated jumps. Methods: Seventeen female volleyball players from two different age categories – adults and under 16 years – participated in this study. Quattro Jump 9290BA force platform (Kistler, Winterthur, Switzerland) was used to assess the jumping performance during squat jumps, counter movement jumps, and 45-second continuous jumps. Results: Jumping performance did not differ significantly between the two groups. The main efficiency of the conversion of mechanical work into mechanical energy was only 24% and it decreased during the test. Conclusions: The influence of age on the jumping performance in a group of female volleyball players was not confirmed. Take-off efficiency was in both groups quite low and it did not improve during the test.

19

Somatotype variables related to strength and power output in male basketball players

51%

Buśko K. , Pastuszak A. , Lipińska M. , Gryko K.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

|

2017

|

tom Vol. 19, nr 2

161--167

EN

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between somatotype, muscular strength, power output measured in maximal cycle ergometer exercise bouts, and maximal power output and height of rise of the body mass centre (jump height) measured in akimbo counter movement jump (ACMJ), counter movement jump (CMJ) and spike jump (SPJ), in male basketball players. Methods: Thirteen male basketball players (second division, age 19.4±0.8 years, body height 192.9±5.6 cm, body mass 88.8±8.6 kg, training experience 9.3±0.8 years) participated in the study. Somatotype was determined using the Heath-Carter method. Maximal joint torques were measured under static conditions. Power output was measured in 2 maximal cycle ergometer exercise bouts, 10 s each, with increasing external loads equal to 7.5 and 10.0% of the body weight (BW). All jump trials (ACMJ, CMJ and SPJ) were performed on a force plate. Results: The mean somatotype of basketball players amounted to: 2.8-4.2-3.2. Sum of the joint torques for left and right lower extremities (0.613), trunk (0.631) and all six measured muscle groups (0.647) were significantly correlated (p<0.05) with mesomorphy and ectomorphy. Conclusion: It can be assumed that basketball players’ anthropometric characteristics can influence their level of performance but it is not a decisive factor.

20

Physical Performance, Body Composition and Somatotype in Colombian Judo Athletes

51%

Monterrosa Quintero A. , da Rosa Orssatto L. B. , Pulgarín R. D. , Follmer B.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

|

2019

|

tom 19

|

nr 2

56-63

EN

Background. Judo is a grappling sport that requires a combination of powerful actions (e.g., throwing techniques) and aerobic capacity. Physical performance, body composition and somatotype influences athletes’ performance. Problem and aim. Analyze the physical performance, body composition and somatotype of elite Colombian judokas and compare them with athletes from other countries. In addition, to investigate the correlation between body composition and physical performance. Methods. Fifteen judoists, eight women (21±4.7 years) and seven men (20.5±3.9 years), participated in the present study. The athletes were black belt and had international and national competition experience, winning medals in the Pan-American Games, Central and South American Championships. Squat jumps (SJ) and countermovement jumps (CMJ) on a contact platform were performed to evaluate lower limbs power. The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) was estimated using the multistage 20-m shuttle run test. The Anthropometric measurements were taken for body fat and skeletal muscle mass estimation. Pearson correlation was performed between body composition and physical performance variables. Results. In summary, lower physical performance, and higher body fat percentages were observed in Colombian judoists compared to elite judoists. In other countries Moderate negative correlation was observed between aerobic power and body fat percentage (r=-0.67), and the endomorph characteristic (r=-0.69). In addition, the skeletal muscle mass presented a very large correlation with power from both SJ (r=0.88) and CMJ (r=0.89) (p<0.05). Conclusion. Elite Colombian judokas presented lower physical performance, and higher body fat percentage than other elite judokas. The somatotype was adequate and in accordance with that reported at the elite level.

PL

Tło. Judo jest sportem polegającym na mocowaniu się, który wymaga kombinacji potężnych działań (np. techniki rzucania) i wydolności tlenowej. Wydajność fizyczna, budowa ciała i somatotyp wpływają na wydajność sportowców. Problem i cel. Celem badania była analiza fizycznej wydajności, składu ciała i somatotypu elitarnych judoków kolumbijskich i porównanie ich ze sportowcami z innych krajów. Ponadto, podjęto próbę zbadania korelacji między składem ciała a wydajnością fizyczną. Metody. W badaniu wzięło udział piętnastu zawodników judo, osiem kobiet (21 ± 4,7 lat) i siedmiu mężczyzn (20,5 ± 3,9 lat). Zawodnicy posiadali czarny pas oraz mieli międzynarodowe i krajowe doświadczenia w rywalizacji, zdobywając medale na Igrzyskach Panamerykańskich, Mistrzostwach Ameryki Środkowej i Południowej. Wykonali oni skoki z przysiadem (SJ) i skoki z obrotem (CMJ) na platformie kontaktowej, w celu oceny siły kończyn dolnych. Maksymalny pobór tlenu (VO2max) został oszacowany za pomocą wielostopniowego testu biegu wahadłowego na 20-m. Pomiary antropometryczne wykonano w celu oceny tkanki tłuszczowej i masy mięśni szkieletowych. Przeprowadzono korelację Pearsona między składem ciała a zmiennymi wydajności fizycznej. Wyniki. Podsumowując, u kolumbijskich zawodników judo zaobserwowano niższą sprawność fizyczną i wyższy odsetek tkanki tłuszczowej w porównaniu z elitarnymi judokami. W innych krajach zaobserwowano umiarkowaną korelację ujemną między wydajnością tlenową a procentową zawartością tkanki tłuszczowej (r = -0,67) i cechą endomorficzną (r = -0,69). Ponadto masa mięśni szkieletowych wykazywała bardzo dużą korelację z wydajnością zarówno z SJ (r = 0,88), jak i CMJ (r = 0,89) (p <0,05). Wniosek. Elitarni kolumbijscy zawodnicy judo prezentowali niższe wyniki fizyczne i wyższy procent tkanki tłuszczowej niż najlepsi judocy z innych krajów. Somatotyp był odpowiedni i zgodny z obowiązującym na poziomie elitarnym.