Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Flexicurity – koncepcja i jej weryfikacja w okresie kryzysu i spowolnienia po 2007 roku

100%

Gładzicka-Janowska A.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2013

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nr 3(63)

195-216

EN

The term flexicurity redefines the relationship between employers and employees in the labour market. Flexicurity attempts to strike a balance between the flexibility of employment and the competitiveness of en¬trepreneurs. Denmark and the Netherlands, which have successfully applied flexicurity solutions, are looked up to when it comes to the implementation of these solutions. Long before the economic crisis and down¬turn, flexicurity solutions had proven to be an effective tool to maintain the lowest levels of unemployment among the EU countries. The article presents the results of research on the relationships between the unemployment rate and the flexibility of labour market during the period of the economic crisis and downturn after 2007.

2

Badanie „Wejście młodych ludzi na rynek pracy” w II kwartale 2009 r. – wybrane zagadnienia

100%

Mathea E. , Mistrzak A.

Prace i Materiały Wydziału Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego

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2011

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tom 2

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nr 3

165-176

EN

The article presents results of the Labour Force Survey module survey “Entry of young person into the labour market in 2009”. It contains information enabling the assessment of the impact of the young people’s educational level on their job, expectations regarding the first job and their status on the labour market. The survey was conducted by the Central Statistical Office in the 2nd quarter of 2009 and provided data on the employment situation of the population aged 15-34.

3

Poles' Economic Migration after the EU Enlargement

100%

Marek E.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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tom 35

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nr 11-12(416-417)

23-27

EN

Many Poles have emigrated to the European Union countries to work. In years 2004-2007, total volume of such migration is estimated at 1860 thousand people, mainly to the Great Britain, Germany, and Ireland. Mass emigration causes a number of demographic and economic problems in Poland, in that also in the labour market. Because of approaching recession in the western countries returning and an increase in the unemployment should be expected.

4

Labour Market in Health Sector - Neglected Field of Governance

100%

Golinowska S.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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tom 35

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nr 7(412)

1-5

EN

According to the thesis stated in the article, the labour market of the health sector is the analytically neglected area, which influences the weaknesses of the process of labour resources managing and, as a consequence, the lower efficiency of functioning in relation to the possible level. Moreover, this kind of weakness in the health sector management increases the danger of maintaining the serious unbalance between the labour supply and the labour demand. Such an unbalance is already present and is increasing; additionally, it has a global character. The lack of specialists in the medical professions is estimated globally at around 4,3 mln employed. Simultaneously, there is a huge increase of needs on the demand side. The main factor of increase of health needs - the increase of income - is nowadays intensified by the demographic and epidemiological changes, connected mainly with the population aging process. It is stressed in the article that in order to fight efficiently the shrinking of labour resources of medical professions, one should undertake immediate actions in the field of education, improvement of working conditions and wages of doctors and nurses, and introduce the institution of social dialogue into the current system of collective bargaining in Poland.

5

Cooperation between Labour Offices and Employment Agencies

100%

Kukulak-Dolata I.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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tom 35

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nr 1(406)

8-13

EN

In the presented article the results of research on cooperation between the county labour offices and employment agencies were shown. The research was conducted in 2007 as a part of a project 'The potential and perspectives of cooperation between the employment agencies and public employment services', which was co-funded with resources form the European Social Fund. Up-to-date fields of cooperation and its frequency were covered in the analysis. The public service staff were asked their opinions about continuing the cooperation in the future. If a situation where there was no cooperation with the employment agencies occurred, the crucial thing was to evaluate the reasons of such a state.

6

POLICY CHALLENGES IN GERMANY AND POLAND: WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM THE SHARE DATA (Wyzwania dla polityki spoleczno-gospodarczej w Niemczech i w Polsce na podstawie danych SHARE 24)

100%

Myck M.

Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

|

2011

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nr 27

24-38

EN

The paper compares a set of health and labour market outcomes for three populations from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). We analyse differences between the Polish aged 50+ and the respective German population divided into those who prior to the unification in 1989 lived in the East and West Germany. In terms of most analysed outcomes we find a 'West-East gradient' with the most favourable statistics found for the west German population and the worst for Poland. The unfavourable situation on the labour market in Poland goes along poor health and lifestyle outcomes on most measures, and it seems that employment and health-related policies should be designed in combination to address the problems. The East–West divide in Germany still seems to present a policy challenge. We find important differences in such outcomes as labour market arrangements and such health outcomes as incidence of high blood pressure and diabetes. The East–West gradient is also found in the so-called underused capacity, i.e. the proportion of healthy individuals aged 50-65 who are not employed. The main factor behind this in Poland is retirement, while the difference in Germany is largely caused by higher levels of unemployment in the east.

7

Development of competencies in the information society

100%

Frank R.

Tudomanyos es Muszaki Tajekoztatas ( Scientific and Technical Information; Hungarian journal of library and information science)

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2006

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tom 53

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nr 9

391-403

EN

On today's labour market, recruitment tendencies show a somewhat decreased interest in workforce with specialised knowledge, while there seems to be a strong need for people who are ready to acquire new knowledge, skills and competencies. In the information age, digital and information literacy have become essential competencies. The basics of information literacy can be acquired by distance learning or at special courses organised by libraries. During the timeframe of the current research, part-time students of the Szombathely Teachers' Training College acquired the basics of research methodology via a distance learning course of 12 hours. The knowledge acquired at the course was then transformed into competencies doing practical exercises at the college library. The experiences of this project as well as outcomes of other user education courses at public libraries were examined by tests and questionnaires. The findings showed that the applied method successfully contributed to the development of the information literacy competencies of the participants. However, it was also shown that even when choosing the downloadable electronic format, participants printed it out prior to learning.

8

PRODUCTIVITY CONVERGENCE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION – THE ROLE OF LABOUR MARKET INSTITUTIONS

80%

Chovancová P.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2021

|

tom 69

|

nr 9

928 – 953

EN

Given the relatively low level of productivity and the persisting productivity gap (between the European Union and the United States, and among the member states), measures to enhance total factor productivity growth and productivity convergence in the member states of the European Union are inevitable. The aim of this paper is to determine the factors influencing productivity convergence in member states of the European Union, with emphasis on the role of selected labour market institutions. By means of fixed effects panel regression (LSDV estimator), a catch-up specification of production function and its extensions are estimated. The empirical analysis is conducted on a dataset covering observations from 1995 to 2017 for all member states of the European Union. The empirical results have approved the role of knowledge in determining total factor productivity convergence and the suggestion about the decisive role of labour market institutions.

9

Wandering Jews: Peddlers, Immigrants, and the Discovery of “New Worlds”

80%

Diner H.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2015

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tom 41

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nr 4 (158)

13-26

EN

In the great century of Jewish migration, from the end of the eighteenth century into the 1920s, when over four million Jews left central and eastern Europe and headed for new lands, the humble, ubiquitous and despised occupation of peddling served as the vehicle which propelled them outward. Jews had peddled for centuries in Europe, as well as in the Muslim lands of the Ottoman Empire and in North Africa and it had a deep and complicated history as a pillar of Jewish economic life in these pre-migration settings. But its very nature played a crucial role in the ways in which Jews experienced their migration, encounter, and eventual settlement in the places to which they went. This paper looks at the connection between Jewish peddling and the great migration of the long nineteenth century when the locus of Jewish life shifted to the “new world,” the world opened up through European colonization and settlement.

10

The adjustment cost of the Association Agreement in the Hungarian food industry

80%

Ferto I.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

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2006

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tom 53

|

nr 9

799-811

EN

The article examines the structure of Hungary's food trade expansion over the 1995- 2003 transition period and its implications for labour-market adjustment. An econometric analysis of trade and employment data suggests that changes in domestic consumption and productivity have significant influence on employment changes. Strong positive and significant effects on these are also exerted by market concentration, while FDI has no influence on them. The results do not provide clear support for the smooth-adjustment hypothesis of intra-industry trade. However, the results should be interpreted with care, due to sensitivity to choice of period and lag structure.

11

The effect of labour-market institutions on the unemployment rate

80%

Horvath G.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

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2006

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tom 53

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nr 9

744-768

EN

The study deals with the effects of labour-market institutions and rigidities on the rate of unemployment, analysing four institutions: unemployment benefit, the trade unions, taxation, and dismissal constraints. The pay model presented is a version of those associated with Pissarides. An attempt is made with this to express numerically the individual and compound effects of the institutions on the unemployment rate, and to gauge how much they influence the process of accommodation that follows shocks. The results show that taxes and dismissal constraints do not increase the rate of unemployment significantly; the effect of them becomes significant only when coupled with high unemployment benefit. A greater contribution to high unemployment is made by the bargaining power of the unions and the scale of unemployment benefit, but these effects can be ameliorated only by factors that do not feature in the model. The constraints on dismissal included in the model slow the reaction to the productivity shock, but the extent of this is not significant.

12

Mobility, uncertainty and subjective welfare in Hungary.

80%

Molnar G. , Kapitany Z.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

|

2006

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tom 53

|

nr 10

845-872

EN

One of the decisive factors behind satisfaction (subjective welfare) is income mobility. Individuals usually judge change in their income position in terms of change in relative position, not in level of income. So the study analyses in the main the effect on satisfaction exerted in Hungary by objective and subjective indices of relative income mobility, in the 2000-2002 period, when the rate of growth in real incomes was exceptionally high. The findings confirm that in upwardly mobile families with increasing incomes in the period examined, the rise in relative income position did not bring added satisfaction: those whose relative position had improved were less satisfied than their attained income level would warrant. This situation pertains primarily because of uncertainty about the objective variables, when those whose incomes are rising do not expect the positive trends to persist. Those in a marginal labour market situation are more dissatisfied than others, regardless of their income, and this dissatisfaction may spread to family members in a different position. This combined sphere makes up almost a third of Hungary's population. Negative labour-market expectations are likewise factors that reduce satisfaction.

13

THE TAX WEDGE IN POLAND COMPARED TO OTHER EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES (Klin podatkowy w Polsce na tle krajów Unii Europejskiej)

80%

Nadolny L.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2009

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tom 36

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nr 5-6(422-423)

11-15

EN

The aim of this article is to present the tax wedge issue in Poland and other European Union countries. The first part of the article covers the theoretical basis of the influence of tax wedge on labor market. Then, there is an overview of the structure of tax wedge in Poland for average monthly gross wage in 2008. The last part consists of the comparison of tax wedges in Poland and other European Union countries. The results show that in Poland the size of tax wedge does not vary with wages as opposed to many other EU member countries.

14

Uncertainty and the demand for redistribution in Hungary

80%

Molnar G. , Kapitany Z.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

|

2007

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tom 54

|

nr 3

201-232

EN

The main objective determinants of demand for redistribution are labour-market participation, education, family structure (to some extent), and income mobility. Demand from people of low education and living on the border between activity and inactivity - the unemployed, disability pensioners, casual workers, and people living on benefits - is higher than from others, irrespective of income level. Redistribution is favoured to a less than average extent by entrepreneurs, managers and chief executives. Long-term downwardly mobile people favour income redistribution more than others, but long-term upward mobility does not decrease demand and may even increase it. The authors analyse systematic differences between factual relative and subjective income mobility. This mobility perception difference shows that perceived, not actual relative income position is the strong determinant. Underestimation of relative income position can be an important cause of high demand. A very low proportion of people are strongly opposed to redistribution. Those dissatisfied are more favourably inclined. Labour-market expectations are crucial influences on demand; the greater the employment anxiety, the greater the support for redistribution. The same applies to belief that inequalities are increasing. The most frustrated are the indecisive, with no clear idea of their future, and they are the most averse to the rich. It emerges that perception of income mobility is state-dependent and influenced mostly by uncertainty. The main policy conclusion is that reducing uncertainty on the labour market and raising educational attainment may be the most efficient government tools for lowering demand for redistribution, rather than directly increasing income.

15

ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICY EXPENDITURE: WHAT DOES AFFECT IT? EVIDENCE FROM NINE OECD COUNTRIES

80%

Blaževiċ Buriċ S. , Mrnjavac Ž.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2017

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tom 65

|

nr 9

834 – 855

EN

The principal aim of this paper is to determine which inputs affect active labour market policy expenditure of nine OECD countries. After the theoretical insight, we have conducted an empirical analysis using data from 2000 to 2013 and applied the dynamic Arellano-Bond panel data model. We checked the robustness of our results by revising our dynamic Arellano-Bond model (by excluding correlated and non-significant variables) and comparing the results with the fixed-effects and random-effects data estimation model. Our results show that, from the practical standpoint, the expenditure on active labour market policy measures in the previous year has had the strongest impact on the expenditure in the following period. We have noticed a change in factors that influence the expenditure from the pre-crisis to the post-crisis period. General economic indicators (such as GDP) and labour market indicators play more important role in times of the economic crisis.

16

Prognozy podaży i popytu na pracę w przemyśle włókienniczym i odzieżowym w województwie łódzkim

80%

Rogozińska-Pawełczyk A.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

|

2013

|

nr 6(66)

148-158

EN

This paper aims to analyse the changing labour market in the textile and clothing sector and to predict the future prospects of the industry’s professionals on the regional labour market. The author reviews the current and forecasted (for 2025) supply and demand for the qualifications and skills of the graduates from the region’s vocational schools specialising in textiles and clothing.

17

THE NEW POOR IN THE WORLD OF PLENTY

80%

Hirszowicz M. , Neyman E.

Kultura i Społeczeństwo

|

2004

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tom 48

|

nr 2

121-141

EN

The authors claim that poverty existed in the world since time immemorial. Recently however, we can observe the growing differentiation in Western societies: there are sparse groups with very high income and multiplicity of the 'new poor' - the unemployed as well as these who are employed in a second-rate, low-paid jobs. The situation on this difficult labour market is further worsened by the influx of migrants as the army of the unemployed in-waiting. The increase in the number of the new poor in the globalizing world poses new problems for the politicians. Novel ideas are needed to ameliorate both the economic condition of the Third World countries - the place of origin of many among the new poor, as well as the situation of the new poor (called sometimes the Fourth World) in the First World countries..

18

Badanie realizacji celów strategii lizbońskiej w obszarze rynku pracy w krajach Unii Europejskiej

80%

Malina A.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

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2012

|

nr 880

21-30

EN

The paper presents assumptions and targets formulated in the Lisbon Strategy for employment on UE territory. It focuses on directives concerning EU employment rates (total, women’s and older workers’ employment rates). The analysis indicates that the situation in Poland in 2008–2009, compared with EU countries, was not a favourable one. It also considers the employment rates of women, men and older workers (aged 55–64). The gap between projections for 2010 – a 50% rate of older workers rates and the Polish respective figure amounts to 18 percentage points, the gap for the women’s rate was 7.6 percentage points, and the gap for the men’s rate was 10.8 percentage points. A similar situation was observed in Hungary and Italy. Only Malta saw a higher distance between these indicators. The analysis shows that changes in employment and unemployment rates from 2004 to 2009 in Poland, like those in other new EU members, should be considered positive.

19

Transformation of labour resources in Poland 1990-2006

80%

Knapinska M.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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tom 35

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nr 2(407)

6-10

EN

The goal of the elaboration is to present, analyze and evaluate tendencies in main economic ratios connected with level, structure and dynamics of labour supply in Poland after 1990. In the first part the size of human resources was presented, in particular it was the population at the working age in relation with the population at the pre- and post-working age. Than the presentation and evaluation of changes in economic activity and level of education in Poland was made. In the next part of the elaboration the attempt was made to evaluate the tendencies in abroad migrations under conditions of Polish accession to the European Union. Finally, labour demand was presented, especially the level and dynamics of the number of employed persons. The main thesis of the elaboration is to present changes in Polish human resources in the last seventeen years taking into considerations demographic conditions and European integration. The main method used in the research was the descriptive statistics

20

REGISTERED UNEMPLOYMENT VS. UNEMPLOYMENT ACCORDING TO THE LABOUR FORCE SURVEY (BAEL) (Bezrobocie rejestrowane a bezrobocie według BAEL)

80%

Janukowicz P.

Polityka Społeczna

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2010

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tom 37

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nr 1(430)

18-20

EN

In Poland, two sources of data concerning unemployment rate are applied. The first one is closely linked to the registration of unemployed persons in the powiat labour offices and is called 'registered unemployment'. The second source is the data collected from the Labour Force Survey (Badanie Aktywnosci Ekonomicznej Ludnosci - BAEL), on the basis of which the labour force size and structure as well as the unemployment rate are assessed. When compared, the value of registered unemployment rate and the value of unemployment rate calculated on the basis of BAEL display some differences. The aim of this paper is to clarify the disparities between the registered unemployment rate and the unemployment rate estimated on the basis of BAEL, as well as to determine the factors leading to the differences in the process of calculating both indicators.