Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Measuring Heavy Metals Content in Wastewater using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

100%

Ali S. , Jamil H. , Imran M.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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tom Vol. 2

69-75

EN

In the present study, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been applied for the determination of chromium and cadmium contents in wastewater of different canneries surrounding by leather factories. The plasma was generated with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser having a fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm and delivers maximum pulse energy of 180 mJ. Experimental conditions were optimized to improve the sensitivity and to get a reasonable signal from the generated plasma. The results show that the concentration of chromium and cadmium are varying in different samples depending on the incoming flow of the wastewater from factories. The results from LIBS and standard analytical technique called flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) were compared and found in good agreement within the experimental uncertainties.

2

Treatment of wastewater from water-based paints industry

100%

Šmídová D. , Mikulášek P. , Skoupil J.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2005

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tom Vol. 31, nr 3-4

135-144

EN

The possibilities of treating wastewater from water-based paint industry were examined. Microfiltration was used as separation process for removing the solid particles from water. Three commercially produced paints (AQUAREX, AQUACOL MAT and FORTELUX AQUA) were tested. Experiments were performed on tubular ceramic membranes made from a-Al2O3 whose mean size of pores reached 0.1 mm. The results of the experiments show that the cross-flow microfiltration is a suitable process for the treatment of wastewater from paint industry. The COD of permeates approached 2000 mg×dm-3.

3

Methods of Dyes Removal from Aqueous Environment

100%

Bożęcka A. , Orlof-Naturalna M. , Kopeć M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, nr 9

111--118

EN

In this paper, selected methods of dyes removal from water environment were discussed, with particular attention to the adsorption method. A literature review of the latest scientific research on colour impurities removal with the use of various types of adsorbents was presented. The efficiency of the methylene blue removal process, with use of selected natural sorbents and activated carbons, was tested. The competitiveness of natural sorbents was shown. It was confirmed that these materials are efficient in removing coloured compounds from aqueous solutions.

4

Uwarunkowania wykorzystania ustabilizowanych osadów ściekowych z małych oczyszczalni ścieków na cele nieprzemysłowe

100%

Wiśniewski S. , Dembska G. , Aftanas B.

Ochrona Powietrza i Problemy Odpadów

|

2002

|

tom Vol. 36 nr 5

187-191

PL

Uwarunkowania wykorzystania ustabilizowanych osadów ściekowych z małych oczyszczalni ścieków na cele nieprzemyslowe. Budowa coraz większej ilości oczyszczalni scieków opartych na nowoczesnych technologiach umożliwia wysoką redukcję zanieczyszczeń w ściekach odprowadzanych do wód powierzchniowych. Wzrost efektywności oczyszczania scieków powoduje jednoczesnie powstawanie osadów ściekowych w coraz większych ilościach. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań próbek osadów ściekowych pobieranych z oczyszczalni gminnych, osiedlowych i miejskich oraz uwarunkowania ich dalszego wykorzystania. Zbadano wartość glebotworczą i nawozów osadów ściekowych, czyli zawartość substancji organicznych, azotu, fosforu, wapnia i magnezu. W próbach osadów oznaczono zawartości następujących metali ciężkich: ołowiu, kadmu, chromu, miedzi, niklu, cynku i rtęci. Zawartość tych składników w osadach stanowi kryterium przy kwalifikowaniu ich do przyrodniczego wykorzystania. Przeprowadzono także badania bakteriologiczne i parazytologiczne w zakresie wynikającym z rozporządzenia Ministra Ochrony Środowiska, Zasobów Naturalnych i Leśnictwa w sprawie warunkow jakie muszą być spełnione przy wykorzystywaniu osadów ściekowych na cele nieprzemyslowe. Wykonano rownież wstępne rozpoznanie zawartości analitow z grupy wielopierscieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych (WW A) w komunalnych osadach ściekowych.

EN

Large number of newly constructed wastewater treatment plants based on modern treatment technologies allows for a high reduction of pollutants contained in effluent discharged to surface waters. Increase of treatment efficiency simultaneously results in an ingreased volume of generated sewage sludge. The article presents data from investigations of sewage sludge samples collected from municipal, housing estate and city wastewater treatment plants and the conditions fortheir further utilization. Soil-forming and fertilization capacities of the sludge i.e.: contents of organic substances, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium were examined. Content of the following metals was determined in the sampll~s: lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel;, zinc and mercury. Content of these metals serves as criterion for the qualification of sludge for further use. In addition, bacteriological and parasitological tests of sludge samples were carried out in the scope resulting from the Regulation of the Minister of Environment, Natural Resources and Forestry on the conditions which have to be fulfilled for the use of sewage sludge for non-industrial purposes. Also a preliminary recognition of the content of analytes from the group of policyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in municipal sewage sludge was carried put.

5

Occurrence of multidrug resistant and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) - producing Escherichia coli in wastewater of two healthcare facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria

100%

Adekanmbi A. O. , Adeyemi A. O. , Olajide O. M.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2019

|

tom 26

167-175

EN

Most industries in developing countries of the world, especially hospitals and other clinical settings, lack wastewater treatment facilities, and as such, untreated wastewater from their operations are discharged into water bodies without any form of treatment. This study aimed at the antibiotic sensitivity profile and ESBL production in E. coli isolated from untreated hospital wastewater before discharge into the environment. Untreated wastewater from two hospitals, a State Government-owned hospital (SGH) and a privately-owned hospital (POH) with no wastewater treatment facilities were sampled for a period of four months. Isolation of E. coli was carried out using the pour plate technique on Eosin Methylene Blue agar, while identification was carried out using conventional methods. Determination of ESBL production was done by means of the Double Disc Synergy Technique and antibiotic sensitivity testing was carried out by employing the disc diffusion method. A total of fifty-eight (58) E. coli were obtained: SGH at 55 and POH at 3. Herein, in 100% of the total count, resistance was indicated for ampicillin and ertapenem, while 14%, 11%, 16% and 57% of the total count were resistant to ceftazidime, cefpodoxime, cefotaxime and amoxicillin-clavulanate, respectively. In addition, 94.8% showed resistance to tetracycline, 19% to ciprofloxacin, 6.9% to gentamycin, 39.7% to chloramphenicol and 55% and 47% to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and nalidixic acid, respectively. Furthermore, 94.8% of all the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR), while 29.3% were ESBL positive. Wastewater from the two hospitals under study contained ESBL positive and MDR E. coli, suggesting a need to forestall a potential threat to public health by treating the wastewater generated by both hospitals before discharge into the environment.

6

Degradation of AB25 dye in liquid medium by atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma and plasma combination with photocatalyst TiO2

100%

Ghodbane H. , Hamdaoui O. , Vandamme J. , Van Durme J. , Vanraes P. , Leys C. , Nikiforov A. Y.

Open Chemistry

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2015

|

tom 13

|

nr 1

EN

In this work, degradation of the anthraquinonic dye Acid Blue 25 by non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure with and without photocatalyst is investigated. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used as a photocatalyst. The dye degradation by plasma in the presence of TiO2 is investigated as a function of TiO2 concentration, dye concentration and pH. The degradation rate is higher in acidic solutions with pH of 2 to 4.3, especially at pH 2, and decreases to 0.38 mg L-1 min-1 with the increase of pH from 2 to 5.65. A similar effect is observed in basic media, where a higher degradation rate is found at pH = 10.3. The degradation rate increases in the presence of TiO2 compared to the discharge without photocatalysis. The results show that the degradation of the dye increases in the presence of TiO2 until the catalyst load reaches 0.5 g L-1 after which the suppression of AB25 degradation is observed. The results indicate that the tested advanced oxidation processes are very effective for the degradation of AB25 in aqueous solutions.

7

Treatment of wastewater from production of meat-bone meal

100%

Makara A. , Kowalski Z. , Saeid A.

Open Chemistry

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2015

|

tom 13

|

nr 1

EN

The paper presents the results of the selection of the flocculent and coagulant types as well as the evaluation of the best parameters of treatment of wastewater deriving from meat-bone meal (MBM) production. The efficiency of purification depends on the composition of the coagulant and flocculent as well as the magnitude of the applied dose. The use of ferrous sulfate PIX 113 coagulant assured the highest reduction of the contamination content in filtrate, resulting in the reduction of color of wastewater by 96.8%, turbidity by 99.2%, and the phosphorus content by 99.9% and nitrogen by 92.4%, with the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) being reduced by 62.8%. The X-ray method proved the significant presence of phosphorus salts in the content of sediment. The moisture content in the sediment varied from 45 to 78.5%. The elaborated method of pretreatment of wastewater from meat-bone meal unit was verified on an industrial scale. A very high reduction of the phosphorus content in filtrate (> 99.9%), and a significant reduction of COD as well as nitrogen and suspended solid contents (90−95%) were presented. A high reduction of contamination in filtrate increases the production capacity of the existing biological treatment plant, in the next step of treatment of filtrate in the biological treatment unit.

8

Upgradation of Wool Scouring Plant for Efficient Wastewater Treatment

100%

Awchat G. D.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2022

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tom Vol. 23, iss. 1

11--18

EN

The paper emphasized the manufacturing processes of the wool scouring plant, study of the wastewater characteristics generated from the plant in the laboratory, performance evaluation of the existing effluent treatment plant (ETP) with the present pollution load. On their basis, an approach and flow sheet for the treatment of wastewater obtained from wool scouring is suggested to improve the performance and treatment of wastewater.

9

Influence of bio-preparation on wastewater purification process in constructed wetlands

100%

Puchlik M. , Ignatowicz K. , Dąbrowski W.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2015

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tom Vol. 16, nr 1

159--163

EN

Technological system of analyzed wastewater treatment plant is in part a biological bed of soil-reed in parallel arrangement. Unusual application is the application of two independent purification lines where in the second line, a bio-preparation is additionally dosed. The constructed wetland provides high removal of organic compounds expressed as BOD5 and COD, as well as reducing the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and phosphates. This indicates a high performance of such a sewage treatment plant.

10

Design of Biofilter Odor Removal System for Conventional Wastewater Treatment Plant

100%

Ghawi A. H.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2018

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tom Vol. 19, nr 4

7--15

EN

Control of odor removal and air pollution in wastewater treatment plants has become critical because of the negative impacts of invasive pollutants that are no longer limited to the working environment of sewage treatment plants, but extend to nearby residential areas when appropriate weather conditions are present. Residents of the city of Al-Nasiriyah in Iraq suffer from the the foul odors from the Jazeera Wastewater Treatment Plant in the city of Al-Nasiriyah, located in the province of Dhi Qar in southern Iraq. Therefore, efforts must be intensified to reduce the risks they pose to the ecosystem and the serious damage to human health. In this study, a biofilter system was designed to remove the odors emitted (hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas) from the conventional activated sludge Al-Nasiriyah-Jazeera wastewater treatment plant. The biofilter odor removal system is designed for inlet screw pumping station, screening station, aerated grit chamber and parshall flume inlet. The result of the design of the biofilters, which meets the environmental requirements of Iraq according to the law of environmental protection No. 27 of 2009 and its instructions No. 3 of 2011 was the inlet screw pumping station (volume of buildings to be treated – 400 m3, number of changes per hour >5 n/h, design flow rate to be captured and treated – 2000 m3/h, H2S removal efficiency >98%, volume of substrate media – 24 m3, height of surface media – 1.4 m, and overall dimension (length – 8.9 m, height – 2.27 m, width – 2.13 m)), as well as the preliminary treatments screening station, aerated grit chamber and parshall flume inlet (volume of buildings to be treated (each biofilter) – 400 m3, number of changes per hour – 12 n/h, design flow rate to be captured and treated (each biofilter) – 5000 m3/h, H2S removal efficiency >98%, volume of substrate media – 60 m3, height of surface media – 1.4 m, and overall dimension (length 10.6 m, height 2.27 m, width m 2.13 m)).

11

Efektywność funkcjonowania gminnych oczyszczalni ścieków

100%

Przybyła C. , Bykowski J. , Filipiak J.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2009

|

tom Tom 11

231-239

PL

Ochrona środowiska w zakresie gospodarki wodno-ściekowej powinna polegać na odprowadzeniu do wód lub gleby ścieków o ładunkach zanieczyszczeń dopuszczalnych z punktu widzenia zachowania w środowisku zdolności do samooczyszczenia [1, 13]. Procesy samooczyszczenia są bowiem skutecznym a zarazem najtańszym procesem unieszkodliwiania zanieczyszczeń [3]. Zachowanie warunków do samooczyszczania się odbiorników wiąże się z potrzebą znacznego obniżania ładunków zanieczyszczeń zawartych w odprowadzanych ściekach, do wartości określanych jako dopuszczalne. Obniżanie takie odbywa się w oczyszczalniach ścieków, przy czym z punktu widzenia ochrony środowiska, niezwykle istotna jest efektywność funkcjonowania urządzeń.

EN

The objective of the presented paper was the analysis of the technical effectiveness of municipal wastewater treatment plants shown on the example of three selected objects (A, B and C) localized in Wielkopolska and differentiated regarding the technological aspect. The wastewater treatment effectiveness was estimated on the basis of the reduction achieved in three basic wastewater treatment parameters, i.e. in general suspension,requirement for chemical oxygen (RCHO) and requirement for biological oxygen (RBO). The parameter values were measured both in the raw wastewater and in the purified ones. The difference of these values was divided by the value of the raw wastewater. The received basic indicators were supplemented with two eutrophic properties, i.e. with the reduced values of total nitrogen and total phosphorus. A series of 73 pairs of measurements (in the raw and the purified sewages) were carried out (10 pairs in plant A; 33 pairs in plant B and 29 pairs in plant C). Eutrophic results obtained in plant A included 8 measurements and 7 measurements in plant C. The presented work was done basing on the available elaborated designs, on the valid legal regulations and on results of laboratory studies made available by institutions using such objects. Sampling and preparation of samples, as well as chemical determinations were done according to the corresponding regulations valid in the period of the above studies. The investigations have shown that municipal wastewater supplied to municipal treatment plants are significantly differentiated regarding the basic quality properties. The maximal value of total suspension ranged between 4.9 and 11,0; In case of chemical oxygen requirements, the values were 4.1-11.1 and in reference to biological oxygen requirements, the range was 2.4-11.5. Among the analyzed communes, the worst quality was found in the wastewater supplied to the treatment plants (in 92%) in waste removal carriages. The actual mechanical and biological conditions of the municipal treatment plants permits to obtain a satisfactory effectiveness of their work. The basic parameters of the purified wastewater, in the majority of cases, were contained within the limits of the required standards and according to the legal permissions obtained by the wastewater treatment plants. Studies carried out in conditions of Wielopolska did not confirm the conclusions drawn by other authors regarding the technical effectiveness of the "Lemna" type treatment plants. There, in about 50% of measurements, the basic parameters of the purified wastewater did not meet the required standards. Since in the balanced environment development, the economic aspect is also very important, therefore, in the analysis referring to the effectiveness of the functioning of municipal wastewater treatment plants, the economic aspect must be also taken into consideration.

12

Contamination assessment of Krakow Valleys Landscape Park's surface and wastewaters

100%

Strzebońska M. , Jarosz-Krzemińska E. , Adamiec E.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

|

2014

|

tom Vol. 40, no. 4

325--330

EN

This research consisted of a physico-chemical evaluation of the streams and wastewaters within Krakow Valleys Landscape Parkin the Kluczwody, Bolechowicka, Będkowska and Kobylańska valleys. The following set of parameters were determined in the samples: pH, Eh, conductivity, oxygen content, concentration of metals' cations and selected anions. The results revealed that the wastewaters discharged as well as the streams that feed into the Rudawa river are mainly polluted with nitrates. Additionally, the examined wastewaters contained a high concentration of phosphate exceeding class II purity maximum permissible values.

13

Wastewater control system as an aspect of environmental assessment of industrial enterprise’s activity

100%

Mitryasova O. , Bogatel N. , Koszelnik P. , Gruca-Rokosz R.

Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury / Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture

|

2018

|

tom z. 65, nr 3

43--53

EN

In order to reduce the influence of wastewater from enterprises on the environment extreme relevance is gained by improvement of the monitoring system at each stage of technological process. A new tool is calculation of the polluting substances concentration is suggested to be entered into the monitoring system on the basis of determination of material balance of technological process of production that will allow prediction of qualitative and quantitative composition of sewage for the selected period. The system can be used in any enterprise, but the example with all calculations is given for the Mykolaiv Branch of "SUN InBev Ukraine" which became the object of research. The scope of the study covered the process of wastewater formation of the enterprise. Realization of tasks demanded the use of general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, systematization and generalization in the course of studying of the corresponding literature on the research subject; modelling, formalization, comparison - at drawing up the calculation scheme of concentration of the polluting substances in sewage; supervision - during studying the technological scheme of production; and also methods of mathematical data processing in MS Excel.

14

Usuwanie ortofosforanów ze ścieków syntetycznych o niskim pH z wykorzystaniem metody roztwarzania metali i elektrokoagulacji

100%

Wysocka I. , Ładuch W.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2012

|

tom Tom 14

790--799

EN

Unquestionably, effective methods of phosphorus compound removal include precipitation methods. These methods include: electrocoagulation and the experimental metal digestion method. Metal solution and electrocoagulation in this paper use corrosion effect of steel plates to couse iron ions to get through into the synthetic wastewater. Iron ions that are present in solution induct deposition and sorption of phosphate compounds, which subsequently are removed. The real mechanism is quite complicated and consists of transforming phosphorus compounds into insoluble forms, and then separating them from the sewage by flotation, sedimentation, filtration. Electrocoagulation requires the electrical current to be connected with electrodes. The research was conducted with usage of steel electrodes with 1414 cm2 contact surface, which were corroding and releasing iron ions responsible for orthophosphate deposition. The electrocoagulation process was using a direct electrical current with intensity of 0.1 A. Synthetic wastewater containing 10.5 mg P/dm3 ortophosphorus and 3 pH was used. The main object of this paper was to compare electrocoagulation and metal solution as methods of phosphate removal from synthetic wastewater with usage of reactors containing steel electrodes. The analysis were conducted in acidic environment. Additionally there was examined content of the iron and pH in the solution. The article presents a study into comparative tests were conducted on a laboratory scale. The research indicates, that electrocoagulation is a method of wastewater treatment that takes less time than metal solution. Complete phosphate removal in the environment at pH 3 with electrocoagulation was achieved after 240 minutes, whereas with metal solution method it took 420 minutes. The downside of both methods is the secondary contamination of wastewater with iron ions.

15

Utilization of aqueous-tar condensates formed during gasification

100%

Kwiecińska A. , Iluk T. , Kochel M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2016

|

tom Vol. 17, nr 5

132--137

EN

Gasification of solid fuels is an alternative process for energy production using conventional and renewable fuels. Apart from desired compounds, i.e. carbon oxide, hydrogen and methane, the produced gas contains complex organic (tars) and inorganic (carbonizate, ammonia) contaminants. Those substances, together with water vapor, condensate during cooling of the process gas, what results in the formation of aqueous-tar condensate, which requires proper methods of utilization. The management of this stream is crucial for commercialization and application of the gasification technology. In the paper the treatment of aqueous-tar condensates formed during biomass gasification process is discussed. The removal of tars from the stream was based on their spontaneous separation. The aqueous stream was subjected to ultrafiltration operated at different pressures. Such a treatment configuration enabled to obtain highly concentrated retentate, which could be recycled to the gasifier, and filtrate, which could be subjected to further treatment.

16

FE2(SO4)3 and Bentonite Use to Reduce Cod Indicators in Wastewater Containing Detergents

100%

Issayeva A. , Abubakirova A. , Syzdykova M. , Arystanova S. , Anlamasova G. , Zhumakhanova R. , Leska B.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

tom Vol. 23, nr 3

68--73

EN

Wastewater pollution with detergents is one of the environmental problems associated with the rational use of water resources. The existing methods of physicochemical wastewater treatment, despite their efficiency, are open to secondary environmental pollution. Biological coagulation/flocculation methods are widely used with the plant waste. The aim of this research was the use of ferric iron obtained by means of the bacterial-chemical method and bentonite to reduce the chemical oxygen demand in the wastewater containing detergents. It was identified that the use of Fe2 (SO4)3 obtained using the bacterial-chemical method with thionic bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans BIT 1 and bentonite as a clay material is promising. At the same time, it was found that the highest reduction degree in the chemical oxygen demand – 88.1 ± 7.9% in wastewater was noted in the variation where the bacterial-chemical ferric iron in the amount of 1.75 g/L was used in combination with bentonite in the amount of 600 mg/L.

17

Preliminary Results from Application Phoslock® to Remove Phosphorus Compounds From Wastewater

100%

Kasprzyk M. , Gajewska M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2017

|

tom Vol. 18, nr 4

82--89

EN

The aim of the study is to assess the removal effectiveness of phosphorus compounds by using lanthanum-modified bentonite. This material was produced by the Australian company Phoslock® Water Solutions Pty Ltd. According to the company, Phoslock® has substantial capacity to bound phosphate anions. The investigation was carried out in steady conditions in laboratory model with beakers. The results of the study are related to the determination of hydraulic load, time of mixing and time of sedimentation. Research with synthetic wastewater was conducted in 4 beakers which were mixing by 5, 10, 20 and 30 minutes respectively. Samples for analyzing were taken from each beaker after 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 24 hours of sedimentation. Studies were conducted to determine the optimal dose of Phoslock® with a known concentration of phosphate anions PO43- in artificial wastewater, time of mixing and time of sedimentation. All samples were taken before and after the treatment with Phoslock® and they were analyzed with following parameters: pH, total suspended solids, conductivity, turbidity, color and phosphate concentration. The carried out investigations confirmed high efficiency of phosphate anions PO43- removal (over 95%), and the final concentration as average was 0.1 mg/dm3. The application of Phoslock® for phosphate anions PO43- did not change the pH of final effluent.

18

Analysis of the Proportion of Incidental Water in Annual Wastewater Inflows to a Selected Treatment Plant During a 15-year Observation Period

100%

Kaczor G. , Cupak A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2021

|

tom Vol. 22, nr 7

204--211

EN

The main aim of the study was to determine whether the amount and share of incidental water in wastewater inflows to the wastewater treatment plant increased with the age and development of the sewage system. The object of the study is a small sewerage system located in southern Poland, in the Lesser Poland Province, 15 km northeast of the Kraków city. The analysis of a 15-year observation series of daily wastewater flows, from 01.01.1994 to 31.12.2018, allowed a reliable assessment of the actions taken by the sewage system operator to reduce the sources of incidental water inflow to the sewage network. The study showed that the percentage share of incidental waters in the annual wastewater inflow to the analysed treatment plant decreased from 35.9% in 2004 to 8.4% in 2018. This reduction should be treated as a success of the remedial actions of the sewage system operator. However, the study showed at the same time that in 2017 alone, 56 709 m3 of incidental water flowed into the analysed sewerage system, compared to 166 075 m3 of wastewater. A similar case was repeated in 2013, when 53 060 m3 of incidental water and 132 860 m3 of real wastewater flowed into the treatment plant. These cases show that all remedial measures by the network operator are still insufficient when heavy precipitation occurs in a given year for a long period of time.

19

Biosorption Capacity of Activated Sludge Sand Bed for Removal of Copper from Treated Wastewater

100%

Trybułowski Ł. , Rogowska W. , Zakrzewski J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

tom Vol. 23, nr 2

61--69

EN

In this paper, the biosorption capacity of activated sludge sand bed was investigated for copper removal from wastewater. A sand bed consisting of three layers was used for the study: (1) filter gravel with a diameter of 2 to 3 mm, (2) a biological part inoculated with 200 ml of flocculent activated sludge with a dry weight of 5 kg/m3, (3) filter sand with a grain diameter of about 3 mm. The filter was fed with model wastewater prepared with sodium acetate, potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate I and II basic. The source of Cu ions in the wastewater was CuSO4. The model wastewater used in this study was collected every 24 hours. The experiment was terminated when the concentration of Cu in the treated wastewater sample was equal to that in the treated wastewater. Such a phenomenon was indicative of the depletion of the sorption capacity of the tested bed, which was observed after 26 days. The concentration of copper in raw and effluent from the bed was studied using atomic absorption spectroscopy (ASA) in samples mineralized in nitric acid (HNO3) with the addition of perhydrol (H2O2). Two equilibrium models, Langmuir and Freudlich, were analyzed to study the absorption isotherms.

20

Effectiveness of Phytoremediation Treatment of Pre-Treated Domestic Wastewater

100%

Alawadhi N. M. S. , Hayder G.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2021

|

tom Vol. 22, iss. 1

124--134

EN

Wastewater contamination which causes health, environmental and economic impacts is one of the most common environmental issues. Several methods have been used for the upgrade of the existing wastewater treatment facilities, nevertheless, the application of phytoremediation treatment is a promising and environmentally friendly method to avoid the secondary contaminations posed by the treatment dosage in other advanced treatment methods. The current work aimed to assess the phytoremediation treatment of the pre-treated domestic wastewater using the Salvinia molesta and water hyacinth plants. The water quality tests were performed in the current research to evaluate the effects of the phytoremediation treatment using the Salvinia molesta and water hyacinth plants on the responses of the water quality parameters. The study focused on varying two main parameters, namely the pH and the hydraulic retention time (HRT), while the removal rate was determined based on the reduction in the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total nitrogen (TN) and turbidity. The optimal removal of COD, TDS, TN and turbidity in the current study was 56.47, 83.00, 52.12, and 79.98% for Salvinia molesta as well as 48.81, 24.00, 13.56 and 19.89% for water hyacinth.