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The Participation of Girls and Boys from Ages 10 to 18 in Structured Sports and Extra-Curricular Activities in the Aspect of Social and Economic Conditions

100%

Dmitruk A. , Popławska H. , GÓrniak K. , Hołub W.

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

2015

tom 21

nr 4

240-246

Introduction. The importance of socio-economic factors in differentiating the physical activities of children and teenagers keeps changing. That is why the goal of this research was to identify certain social variables amongst those listed most often which differentiate the level of targeted physical activity of urban children and youths from the Bialskie district. Material and methods. The research was conducted on 1.084 students between the ages of 10 and 18. Three age groups were chosen: 10 to 12, 13 to 15, and 16 to 18. Information about the attendance of respondents in Physical Education classes and structured extra-curricular sport activities, as well as preferred forms of physical activities were collected via a diagnostic survey. The same method was used in the assessment of the socio-economic status of the families of the respondents. The relations between attendance in extra-curricular sports activities and socio-economic factors was assessed by a multifactoral logistic regression model, and the statistical relevance of the differences was calculated by the Wald test. Results. Attendance in structured extra-curricular physical activity depended mostly on income per family member. In the case of type of work performed by parents, the attendance rate in both boys and girls was higher if the parents performed intellectual work. Parents' education and number of children in the family did not have a high influence on the attendance of respondents in structured extra-curricular sport activities. Conclusions. Increasing disproportions in societal prosperity can be an important factor limiting the attendance of the poorest group of children and youths in structured physical activities. The lack of influence on physical activity of such socio-economic variables as parents' education and the number of children in the family can be connected with the change of meaning of those factors in modern society (depreciation of the importance of higher education, decreased fertility).

Placówki opieki całkowitej i otwartej Robotniczego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Dzieci i Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Dzieci w latach 1945–1952

51%

Juźwik A.

Polska 1944/45-1989. Studia i Materiały

2016

nr 14

Artykuł, stanowiący kontynuację studiów opublikowanych w poprzednim numerze, prezentuje funkcjonowanie poszczególnych placówek opieki całkowitej i placówek opieki otwartej (częściowej), działających w ramach RTPD w latach 1945–1949 i w ramach TPD w latach 1949–1952. Nacisk położono na działalność domów dziecka i przedszkoli, Centralnego Ośrodka Wychowawczego w Bartoszycach i teatru „Baj”. Omówiono również prowadzone przez RTPD dla dzieci i młodzieży akcje masowe, a specjalnie akcję zdrowotno-higieniczną i akcję letnią. Przedstawiono funkcjonowanie poszczególnych placówek opieki społecznej w strukturze TPD, kładącej główny nacisk na rozbudowę szkół świeckich kosztem pozostałych form opieki całkowitej i częściowej. Wzmiankowano również o najwybitniejszych wychowankach RTPD i TPD.

Residential institution were the most important form of child care provided by the Workers’ Society of Friends of Children. They were divided into two categories: centres financed and managed directly by the General Board of the WSFCh and much poorer houses of worse category – managed and financed by respective branches of the Society, usually short of money. This made the children under the Society care divided into two categories: the better ones and the worse. After 1946 the most representative of all centres was “Our Home” named after Maryna (Maria) Falska, where the most gifted and smart children were put. Centres of high priority, closely related to the ideological principles of the Society, were kindergartens: factory and district ones (managed by the WSFCh). An important role was played by common rooms the number of which was gradually increasing. The Society organised special mass actions to improve health of children, their recreation time and cultural development. An original form of cultural education within the WSFCh’s activity were theatres for children (there was five of them in June 1946). After the creation of Society of Friends of Children (May 1949) the so-called “rescue” and care activities were progressively limited, which meant that many centres managed so far by the Workers’ Society of Friends of Children and Society of Friends of Children went under the state administration; it were mainly children’s homes, youth homes, homes for young children, care centres for mothers with children, train stations centres, kindergartens, nurseries, season kindergartens, and others.