Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Disadvantages of applied lacquer coatings on polymer substrate

100%

Wierzbicki Ł. , Kulesza J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2012

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tom Vol. 55, nr 2

291--298

EN

Purpose: The use of polymer parts in automotive industry gives economic and practical savings. This is evoked by weight reduction of the used construction elements. However, polymer parts usually require application of coatings to ensure high quality surface. The painting of polymer materials is one of the most popular and well known methods. Assumptions of the study presented in this article were an attempt to create an atlas of lacquer coating disadvantages. Design/methodology/approach: Assumptions of this study were an attempt to identify lacquer coating disadvantages. Samples of the parts with disadvantages were prepared with the use of microtome and then viewed on an optical microscope. The defects have been described and the causes of their formation have been identified. Findings: The paper shows the examples of common disadvantages of polymer coatings’ application in automotive industry. Research limitations/implications: In automotive industry, they are often used as a substrate - metals or other materials. The description and identification of disadvantages of coatings on these substrates requires further study. Practical implications: The identification of disadvantages of the applied lacquer coatings on polymer substrate allows to eliminate them. Through the improvement and generation of new technologies of coating industry as a major supplier to the very large automotive industry, the industry will continue to thrive, grow and maintain its economical competitiveness in the global marketplace. Originality/value: Applications of multilayer polymer coatings in automotive industry are rarely described in literature - especially the application on polymers substrate. The description and identification for the emergence of the most frequent reasons of lacquer disadvantage is a novelty in this article.

2

The infrared transmittance model for in-situ monitoring of diamond on quartz deposition process

100%

Kulesza S.

Optica Applicata

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2012

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tom Vol. 42, nr 3

533-543

EN

A model of the optical transmittance of a diamond/quartz/vacuum system in the infrared range is presented in the paper. The model relies on the attenuation of unpolarized light emitted by the substrate, the intensity of which is subsequently measured by the pyrometer at two close wavelengths. Changes in the film thickness give rise to the phase shift between the waves, which in turn influences the apparent temperature measured by the pyrometer. Periodic variation of the apparent temperature is therefore modeled in order to extract the changes in the film thickness and surface roughness. Another question discussed within the frame of the model is the true temperature estimation in the case of samples with the roughest surfaces.

3

Synthesis and aqueous solution properties of homologous gemini surfactants with different head groups

100%

Sun Y. , Feng Y. , Dong H. , Chen Z. , Han L.

Open Chemistry

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2007

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tom 5

|

nr 2

620-634

EN

A series of homologous gemini surfactants possessing identical hydrophobic chains but different ionic head groups (cationic, anionic, zwitterionic) were synthesized, and their aqueous solution properties were examined. The results showed that the surface activities of gemini surfactants are superior to those of corresponding conventional monomeric surfactants, and molecular arrangements of gemini surfactants at the air-water interface are tighter than those of corresponding conventional surfactants. It was also found that zwitterionic gemini surfactant possesses the highest surface activity among the three surfactants. The behavior at the air-water interface is closely related to the molecular structural features of surfactants, which provide an indication for synthesizing highly-efficient surfactants. [...]

4

Mesh construction based on differential surface property

100%

Miyazaki R. , Harada K.

Machine Graphics and Vision

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2006

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tom Vol. 15, No. 2

197-210

EN

In this paper, we propose a novel method for extraction of a feature from range data to create of a simplified triangular mesh. The feature extracted by our method is based on the surface property. In the past, vertices on a highly curved surface were extracted from range data, and the extracted vertices were triangulated to construct a simplified triangular mesh. However, the vertices extracted with such a method were not enough to create a simplified triangular mesh in some cases. For example, when the shape shows less change in one direction, like a parabolic shape, too many vertices are extracted by the traditional method. We introduce a surface property defined by a combination of the mean curvature and the gaussian curvature. Vertices are classified into three categories according to the surface property. Then, the structures consisting of vertices and edges are extracted suitably for constructing a simplified triangular mesh. Following that, we can create the desirable trianguiation through constrained Delaunay trianguiation using the extracted structures.

5

Preparation and characterisation of effective cheap adsorbent from lignites.

100%

Finqueneisel G. , Zimny T. , Weber J. V. , Vogt D.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Chemii i Technologii Nafty i Węgla Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

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1999

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tom Vol. 9, nr 56

305-311

EN

The adsorptive capacities of active carbons are essentially attributed to the internal surface area, porosity and surface reactivity. We described in this work chars obtained in one step in a rotary klin starting from two different lignites. In order to improve their adsorption capacities, a mild oxidation is proposed and evaluated. The objective of this work is to explore the feasibility of the use chars for adsorption in liquid and gaseous phases. The physical and the chemical effects of the oxidative treatment are discussed and connected to the modification of their adsorptive properties.

6

Optical and Structural Properties of Cu2O thin Film as Active Layer in Solar Cells Prepared by DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

88%

Sawicka-Chudy P. , Wisz G. , Sibiński M. , Cholewa M. , Potera P. , Głowa Ł. , Pawełek R.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2019

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tom Vol. 64, iss. 1

243--250

EN

A series of copper oxide thin films were synthesized through direct current magnetron sputtering on glass and silicon substrates with various process parameters. Initially, optical microscopy images and their histograms were analyzed to determine the optical quality of the obtained layers and then histograms were created using Image Histogram Generator software. Next, the morphology, and cross-section and layer composition of the samples were evaluated. Finally, the transmission spectra of the thin films were recorded. Transmittance and reflection spectra of the UV–vis analysis were utilized to calculate the optical band gap, the extinction coefficient, and the absorption coefficient of the oxidized layers. Samples showed low transmittance (up to 40%) in the region of 400 to 1000 nm. The mean absorption coefficient varied from ~3 · 105 to ~6 · 105 1/cm and from ~2 · 105 to ~4 · 105 1/cm in the region of 2 eV to 3.5 eV. The extinction coefficient ranged from 0 to 0.11 in the region from 300 to 3000 nm. Reflectance of the samples was ~20% in the region of 1000 to 2500 nm and ranged from 20%-50% in the region of 1000 to 3000 nm. We verified the process parameters of the Cu2O structure to improve the quality as a buffer layer. On the basis of this preliminary analysis, we propose the most promising and future-oriented solutions in photovoltaic applications.

7

Photocatalytic properties of transparent TiO2 coatings doped with neodymium

88%

Wojcieszak D. , Kaczmarek D. , Domaradzki J. , Mazur M. , Morawski A. W. , Janus M. , Prociów E. , Gemmellaro P.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2012

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tom Vol. 14, nr 3

1-7

EN

In this work photocatalytic properties of TiO2 thin fi lms doped with 8.51 at. % of Nd were described. The self-cleaning phenomenon of thin fi lms was discussed together with the structural, optical and surface properties of prepared thin fi lms. Transparent coatings based on titanium dioxide were manufactured by high-energy reactive magnetron sputtering process. Incorporation of Nd during sputtering process results in amorphous behavior, without a signifi cant infl uence on transparency and colour as compared to the undoped TiO2-rutile matrix. Nevertheless, doping with neodymium doubles the photocatalytic activity of the matrix due to higher quantity of photo-generated charge carriers and more effi cient mechanism of energy transfer.

8

Surface properties of some carotenoids spread in monolayers at the air/water interface. Experimental and computational approach

88%

Horovitz O. , Tomoaia G. , Racz C. , Mocanu A. , Bobos L.-D. , Tomoaia-Cotisel M.

Open Chemistry

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2006

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tom 4

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nr 3

489-501

EN

The surface pressure versus molecular area isotherms of some carotenoids: β,β-carotene-4-one (echinenone, ECH), β,β-carotene-4,4′-dione (canthaxanthin, CAN) and 4,4′-diapo-ω,ω-carotene-4,4′-dial (APO), spread at the air/water interface, are reported. A van der Waals type state equation is used to describe the high molecular area portions of the compression isotherms and interaction parameters within monolayers are derived. Quantum chemical semi-empirical SCF MO calculations (AM1 and PM3) are performed for the optimized geometries of molecules and dipole moments are calculated. Similar theoretical magnitudes are obtained by both methods. Surface properties, like collapse pressure, surface compressional modulus and interaction parameters are discussed in terms of dipole-dipole interactions, and correlations with the calculated quantities for the carotenoid molecules are analyzed. The orientation of the different carotenoid molecules in the monolayer is discussed.

9

CHARACTERISATION OF CHITOSAN/HYALURONIC ACID BLEND FILMS MODIFIED BY COLLAGEN

88%

Lewandowska K. , Alina S. , Grabska S. , Michalska M.

Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives

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2017

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tom 22

125-134

EN

In the present study, thin films based on the blends of chitosan (Ch) and hyaluronic acid (HA) with and without collagen (Coll) were characterised using tensile tests, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Ch/HA and Ch/HA/Coll polymer blends were prepared using the solvent evaporation technique. The interactions between polymer components in the binary and ternary blends were studied by FTIR analysis. Mechanical properties were studied and compared with those of simple polymer films. These results show that the addition of collagen into Ch/HA blends led to the increase of tensile strength and Young modulus. Moreover, it was found that the thermal stability of the Ch/HA binary blend significantly increased upon the addition of collagen.

10

Aerogel nanoscale magnesium oxides as a destructive sorbent for toxic chemical agents

88%

Štengl V. , Bakardjieva S. , Maříková M. , Šubrt J. , Opluštil F. , Olšanská M.

Open Chemistry

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2004

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tom 2

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nr 1

16-33

EN

An autoclave hypercritical drying procedure has been used to prepare precursors of MgO from Mg(OCH3)2. This material was prepared with a specific surface area of 1200 m2 g 1. The dehydrated materials consisted of much smaller crystallites than conventionally prepared MgO and were free of OCH3 groups. The precursors and samples of magnesium oxide were taken for experimental evaluation of their reactivity with mustard. The largest percentage of the conversion mustard into non-toxic products after the elapse of the reaction was 77%.

11

Pore structure and surface properties of diatomite with mechanical grinding and its influence on humidity control

88%

Hu Z. , Zheng S. , Li J. , Zhang S. , Liu M. , Wang Z. , Li J. , Sun H.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2022

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tom Vol. 58, iss. 6

art. no. 153509

EN

Mechanical grinding (MG) is an effective method to regulate the pore structure and surface properties of mineral material. Grinding diatomite samples were prepared by horizontal sander under different grinding time. The pore structure and surface properties of grinding samples were characterized systematically by the particle size analysis, low temperature nitrogen adsorption, MIP, fractal theory, XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR and surface hydroxyl density analysis. The humidity control performance (HCP) of grinding diatomite was tested under different temperature and relative humidity. The relationship among pore structure, surface properties and HCP was analyzed. The results show that macroporous is more easily damaged by mechanical force than mesoporous, and the internal blind holes structure can be opened. The HCP of diatomite is positively correlated with the specific surface area, mesoporous volume, the inhomogeneity of macroporous structure and the number of hydroxyl groups, while negatively correlated with the proportion of macroporous volume.

12

THE INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE SOLVENT ON THE STRUCTURE OF CHITOSAN BLENDS WITH HYALURONIC ACID

88%

Lewandowska K. , Sionkowska A. , Grabska S.

Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives

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2016

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tom 21

147-153

EN

The influence of the type solvent on the structure of chitosan, hyaluronic acid and their blend films was investigated. Aqueous acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride and aqueous acetic acid/NaCl were used as solvents for chitosan, hyaluronic acid and Ch/HA solution blends. Ch, HA and their blend films were prepared by casting technique. The homogeneity and morphology of chitosan blends were ascertained from the tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The changes of topography images are considered by determining the root mean square (RMS, Rq) deviation in the image data. The surface roughness of chitosan, hyaluronic acid and Ch/HA blended films was altered by mixing. The structure of chitosan blends with hyaluronic acid depends on the blend composition and on the solvent used for preparing the blend.

13

Influence of nanocrystalline structure and surface properties of TiO2thin films on the viability of L929 cells

88%

Osękowska M. , Karuga-Kuźniewska E. , Wojcieszak D. , Mazur M. , Poniedziałek A. , Kaczmarek D. , Szymonowicz M. , Rybak Z.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2015

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tom 17

|

nr 3

33-39

EN

In this work the physicochemical and biological properties of nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films were investigated. Thin films were prepared by magnetron sputtering method. Their properties were examined by X-ray diffraction, photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, optical transmission method and optical profiler. Moreover, surface wettability and scratch resistance were determined. It was found that as-deposited coatings were nanocrystalline and had TiO2-anatase structure, built from crystallites in size of 24 nm. The surface of the films was homogenous, composed of closely packed grains and hydrophilic. Due to nanocrystalline structure thin films exhibited good scratch resistance. The results were correlated to the biological activity (in vitro) of thin films. Morphological changes of mouse fibroblasts (L929 cell line) after contact with the surface of TiO2 films were evaluated with the use of a contrast-phase microscope, while their viability was tested by MTT colorimetric assay. The viability of cell line upon contact with the surface of nanocrystalline TiO2 film was comparable to the control sample. L929 cells had homogenous cytoplasm and were forming a confluent monofilm, while lysis and inhibition of cell growth was not observed. Moreover, the viability in contact with surface of examined films was high. This confirms non-cytotoxic effect of TiO2 film surface on mouse fibroblasts.

14

Influence of nanocrystalline structure and surface properties of TiO2 thin films on the viability of L929 cells

88%

Osękowska M. , Karuga-Kuźniewska E. , Wojcieszak D. , Mazur M. , Poniedziałek A. , Kaczmarek D. , Szymonowicz M. , Rybak Z.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2015

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tom Vol. 17, nr 3

33--39

EN

In this work the physicochemical and biological properties of nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films were investigated. Thin films were prepared by magnetron sputtering method. Their properties were examined by X-ray diffraction, photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, optical transmission method and optical profiler. Moreover, surface wettability and scratch resistance were determined. It was found that as-deposited coatings were nanocrystalline and had TiO2-anatase structure, built from crystallites in size of 24 nm. The surface of the films was homogenous, composed of closely packed grains and hydrophilic. Due to nanocrystalline structure thin films exhibited good scratch resistance. The results were correlated to the biological activity (in vitro) of thin films. Morphological changes of mouse fibroblasts (L929 cell line) after contact with the surface of TiO2 films were evaluated with the use of a contrast-phase microscope, while their viability was tested by MTT colorimetric assay. The viability of cell line upon contact with the surface of nanocrystalline TiO2 film was comparable to the control sample. L929 cells had homogenous cytoplasm and were forming a confluent monofilm, while lysis and inhibition of cell growth was not observed. Moreover, the viability in contact with surface of examined films was high. This confirms non-cytotoxic effect of TiO2 film surface on mouse fibroblasts.

15

Wpływ nanocząstek na właściwości fizykochemiczne powierzchni materiału

75%

Sołtysiak E. , Błażewicz M.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2010

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tom Vol. 13, no. 92

30--35

PL

Topografia i energia powierzchniowa to parametry w znaczący sposób wpływające na biozgodność materiału. Przedmiotem pracy są nanokompozyty polimerowe otrzymane w wyniku wprowadzenia do polilaktydu nanocząstek montmorylonitu (MMT). Przedstawiono wyniki badań powierzchni (SEM, AFM, EDS) oraz scharakteryzowano materiały w zakresie energii powierzchniowej i jej składowych. W pracy wykazano, że dodatek nanocząstek ceramicznych do resorbowalnej matrycy polimerowej to skuteczna droga modyfikacji parametrów powierzchni materiału, istotnych z punktu widzenia właściwości biologicznych.

EN

Topography and surface free energy are the parameters significantly influencing biocompatibility of the material. The main objective of this work was to obtain polymer nanocomposites by the addition of nanoparticles of montmorillonite (MMT) to a polycaprolactone matrix. The results of the surface examination were presented (SEM, AFM, EDS). The material surface energy and its components were studied. In the study it was showed that the addition of ceramic nanoparticles to a resorbable polymer matrix is an effective way to modify the parameters of the material surface in terms of the biological properties.

16

Charakterystyka płuczek wiertniczych oraz powierzchniowych właściwości osadów filtracyjnych

75%

Jamrozik A. , Terpiłowski K. , Gonet A. , Ziaja J. , Zeliaś D.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2018

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tom T. 97, nr 6

875--878

PL

Priorytetowym zadaniem płuczki wiertniczej jest zapewnienie prawidłowej ochrony złoża oraz utrzymanie stabilności ścian otworu wiertniczego. Zdolność płuczki wiertniczej do tworzenia stabilnego i nieprzepuszczalnego osadu filtracyjnego ma decydujący wpływ na zachowanie pierwotnych właściwości fizycznych skał zbiornikowych. W ramach badań określono parametry technologiczne płuczek wiertniczych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem powierzchniowych właściwości osadów filtracyjnych, takich jak zwilżalność (scharakteryzowana poprzez pomiar kątów zwilżania oraz swobodną energię powierzchniową), szorstkość i mikrostruktura powstałych osadów filtracyjnych.

EN

Filter cakes from 4 water-based and 1 oil-based drilling muds were studied for surface properties (contact angle, free surface energy, roughness) and microstructure. The oil-based (synthetic) drilling mud-derived filter cake showed the highest contact angle and the lowest surface free energy for water and formamide H2O and formamide.

17

CHARACTERISATION OF THIN CHITOSAN FILMS FOR GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION PURPOSES

75%

Lewandowska K. , Furtos G. F.

Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives

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2017

|

tom 22

118-124

EN

The morphology and structure of thin films containing chitosan (Ch) with montmorillonite (MMT) were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Thin films of two chitosan samples and a composition of chitosan with montmorillonite were formed by casting methods from acetic acid solutions and were soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution at 37C for 14 days. The samples were compared before and after soaking. The obtained results showed growth of new phases containing calcium in all prepared films.

18

Morphologies of nanostructured bismuth sulphide and Mn (II) doped bismuth sulphide nanoparticles: characterization and application

75%

Anasane N. , Ameta R.

Materials Science Poland

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2017

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tom Vol. 35, No. 1

6--13

EN

Different morphologies of bismuth sulphide (Bi2S3) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized at room temperature using wet chemical method. The properties of bismuth sulphide (Bi2S3) nanoparticles can be controlled by different amounts of Mn2+ dopant. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by several techniques, such as high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The nanoparticles (Bi2S3) were found to have excellent activity for the UV light assisted decolorization of methyl violet dye and also helped to speed up the redox reaction of Fe(CN)3−6 and S2O2−3. The reactions were monitored through UV-Vis spectroscopy.

19

The influence of different types of carbon nanomaterial on the properties of coatings obtained by EPD process

75%

Wedel-Grzenda A. , Tran K. , Frączek-Szczypta A.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2016

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tom Vol. 19, no. 135

13--20

EN

The first part of research is concentrated on the examination of four kinds of carbon nanomaterials: graphene oxide (GO), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized by authors in acids mixture (MWCNT-F) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes with hydroxyl groups (MWCNT-OH). Their microstructure was observed in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Based on these microphotographs, the diameters of carbon nanotubes were measured. Then, in order to determine the chemical composition of GO, MWCNT-F and MWCNT-OH, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied. The second part of study concerns the properties of the coatings deposited electrophoretically on titanium surface from previously examined nanomaterials. The coatings from individual nanomaterials, as well as hybrid layers (combination of two kinds of nanomaterial: graphene oxide with one of the nanotubes’ type) were deposited. Microstructure of the coatings was evaluated with the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, surface properties, important while considering usage of these materials in biological applications: wettability and surface free energy were evaluated. These materials are meant for application in regeneration and stimulation of nerve cells. All the research carried out so far indicate the influence of nanotubes’ functionalization degree on the properties of their suspension, as well as the characteristics of the deposited coating. It also influences the interaction between two types of nanomaterials. Functionalization in strong acids introduces functional groups which change nanotubes’ dimensions, properties and behavior in solution.

20

MISCIBILITY AND INTERACTIONS IN CHITOSAN AND POLYACRYLAMIDE MIXTURES

75%

Lewandowska K.

Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives

|

2014

|

tom 19

65-71

EN

In the present work, the results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies of films of chitosan acetate (ChA), polyacrylamide (PAM), and their mixtures are presented. The morphology of the ChA and PAM films and their mixtures was studied by tappingmode atomic force microscopy (AFM). The topography images were considered by determining the root mean square (RMS) deviation in the image data. The study of mixtures by AFM showed a completely different morphology when compared with pure components. The roughness of mixtures increases with the increase of ChA content but is significantly reduced after UV exposure. This may indicate a strong interaction between the polymeric components. The FTIR spectroscopy also supports the obtained results. The miscibility of polymer mixtures is related to interactions between the functional groups of the polymeric components.