The paper focuses on in-court settlement under Article 335 of the Code of Criminal Procedure and its procedural consequences. In particular, the author presents the findings of theory and practice resulting from an analysis of case law concerning the functioning of the consensual mode of proceedings in the Polish Criminal procedure.
Purpose – Identification of factors determining the effectiveness of public schools’ management, and the establishment of means for developing the concept of measuring the schools’ effectiveness.Methodology – Review and assessment of concepts and studies present in Polish and international literature pertaining to the evaluation of public schools’ effectiveness.Findings – The hitherto methods for evaluating schools are unsatisfactory. It is largely associated with ambiguous definitions of schools’ effectiveness and identification of objectives and tasks schools are to achieve and undertake, associated with it. This, in turn, results from the fact that effectiveness assessment may by defined differently by various stakeholders. However, the measurement of effectiveness is necessary due to the fact that it facilitates the emergence of high quality educational services in Polish public schools.Research implications – The review of literature indicates that the assessment of educational added value over the course of several years of education seems valid. This means that rather than tracking final results achieved by students, the growth of students’ knowledge ought to be measured. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method may be helpful in relation to the above. The method seems well-suited for evaluating the effectiveness of NGO sector institutions, and takes non-financial factors into consideration, which will enable methodologically categorized knowledge on the effectiveness of schools’ management to be obtained.Practical implications – Results of the present study may be applied by institutions supervising public schools and by individuals who manage these institutions in order to perform periodic assessments of schools’ effectiveness, and who would stimulate the education quality improvement.Social implications – Results of the present study may foster the improvement of schools’ competitiveness and improvement of their educational actions’ quality.Originality/ Value – The paper supplements knowledge regarding the assessment of Polish public schools’ effectiveness.Type of article – A theoretical paper.
The ribosomal protein S2 (RPS2) is encoded by a gene from the highly conserved mammalian repetitive gene family LLRep3. It participates in aminoacyl-transfer RNA binding to ribosome, potentially affecting the fidelity of mRNA translation. These studies were designed to measure the expression of RPS2 during increased cell proliferation. Using Western and Northern blot analyses, we found that the levels of RPS2 protein and its corresponding mRNA were higher in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma, in mouse livers after one-third partial hepatectomy, and in serum-starved cultured hepatocytes following serum treatment. Our study shows that the increased expression of RPS2 correlates with increased cell proliferation. However, whether the altered expression of this protein reflects its involvement in cellular proliferation or represents an associated phenomena is still a key question that needs to be explored.
Objective - Due to the increasing share of Ukrainians in the Polish labor market, an analysis concerning the evaluation of trust levels exhibited by Polish and Ukrainian employees of Polish organizations was conducted. The assessment serves to merely outline the issue. Further studies on a more representative sample ought to be continued.Approach - The paper is based upon the review of literature regarding the scope of social capital and results of a pilot study conducted with the use of a questionnaire. The pilot encompassed 84 respondents. The questionnaire was developed on the basis of tools applied by other authors. The study encompassed Polish and Ukrainian employees due to the increasing share of the latter in the Polish labor market.Results - Results indicate that the employees, regardless of their nationality, manifest a rather high trust level. Respondents of both nationalities believe that their colleagues are friendly and eagerly share knowledge. The results indicate that they are aware of their duties and need not be controlled and overseen. However, they openly admit that their organizations do not shy from gossip and criticism, which begs for more scrutiny.Limitations/ research implications - The limitation of the present paper can be seen in the non-representative character of the sample. Moreover, it would be beneficial to expand the questionnaire in order to gain more insight into the issue.Originality/ value - Despite the limitations, the results are interesting due to the increasing number of Ukrainian employees in Polish organizations.
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