Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Diet-Derived MicroRNAs: Separating the Dream from Reality

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Cottrill K. A. , Chan S. Y.

microRNA Diagnostics and Therapeutics

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2014

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tom 1

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nr 1

EN

Background: Both pleiotropic and ubiquitous, microRNAs (miRNAs) exert control over a wide range of cellular functions. They have been detected in virtually every extracellular fluid in the mammalian body, and many circulate substantial anatomical distances in plasma. Thus, secreted miRNAs are valuable not only as diagnostic tools but also may serve as novel biological effectors that can be transmitted between source and recipient tissue. Design: This review will discuss the possibility of delivering functional miRNAs from exogenously derived dietary sources. We will examine prior research interrogating the existence and relevance of such a mechanism. Findings: Recent findings have reported cross-kingdom transfer of specific plant-derived miRNAs to mammalian tissue following consumption of plant-based foods. These exogenous miRNAs were reported to be active in the recipient organisms, directing changes in gene expression at distant organ sites. In spite of this, subsequent studies have been unable to find evidence of substantial exogenous diet-derived miRNAs in mammalian circulation or tissues, regardless of diet. Conclusion: Further examination of diet-derived miRNA uptake is ongoing, but it does not appear that horizontal delivery of miRNAs via normal dietary intake is a generalizable or frequent process to maintain robust expression of these miRNAs in most higher-order animal organisms.

2

An Evaluation of the Knowledge of Patiens of the Need to Follow Suitable Lifestyles After Hart Surgery

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Narloch A. , Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska W.

Polish Journal of Public Health

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2015

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tom 124

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nr 4

187-190

EN

Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of premature death in Europe. In Poland, the percentage mortality is 2, 5 times higher than in Western European countries. Aim. To assess patients' knowledge of the need for diet and physical activity after cardiac surgery. Material and methods. The study involved a group of 150 patients after cardiac surgery. The research was conducted at the Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Clinical Centre in Gdansk. The study used a questionnaire of our own design. Results. Over half of the respondents stated that they had an average amount of knowledge with regard to healthy eating, while one in four had a less than average level of knowledge, and 16% opined that they had a superior knowledge of the same. These results are dependent on age and degree of formal education, and to adherence to dietary recommendations of gender, to financial situation and marital status. With regard to average dietary adherence, more women than men properly identified products harmful to human health. These last results bore little correlation to place of residence or degree of formal education. In addition, slightly more than half of the respondents (55.3%) practiced some sort of physical activity, but up 44.7% does not do any. More active were women and younger people (of both sexes), and those with higher degrees of formal education. Conclusions. Knowledge of patients with regard to diet after cardiac surgery is dependent on age and degree of formal education, and to adherence to dietary recommendations of gender, to financial situation and marital status. However, formal education and place of residence does not have a significant impact on the level of knowledge of products that are harmful to human health and behavior. Both sex, place of residence and degree of formal education have an impact on level of physical activity in general, as well as on its individual manifestations. More active are women, younger people and those with higher formal education.

3

Health behaviors of patients after breast cancer surgery in the Podkarpackie voivodeship

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Aleksandra Pusz-Sapa A. , Greta Gaweł G. , Joanna Sobczyk J. , Aneta Wojtasik A. , Małgorzata Król M. , Emilia Misiewicz E. , Barbara Lidwin B.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2017

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nr 4

310-314

EN

Aim. An evaluation of lifestyle changes (physical activity, diet) in patients after breast cancer surgery. Materials and method. 200 women after breast cancer surgery were surveyed. The respondents were asked whether the surgery caused a change in their diet and physical activity. An analysis was performed concerning the education, place of residence and age of the respondents. Results. Prior to being diagnosed with breast cancer, about one third of the respondents were concerned about their diet and physical activity. After the surgery more than a half of the respondents were concerned about a healthy lifestyle. Women below 50 years old with higher education, who live in a city, were concerned about their diet and physical activity both before and after surgery. Conclusions. As a result of the breast cancer surgery, lifestyle changes were most often found in women aged 50-69 years old with higher education who lived in a city. Statistical relevance of the results was noted.

4

An Assessment of the Consumption of Dietary Supplements by Players of Selected Sports

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Kozirok W. , Babicz-Zielińska E. , Krzebietke B.

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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2013

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tom 20

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nr 2

123-128

EN

Introduction. Increasing interest in dietary supplements designed for athletes is accompanied by an increase in the number of commercial vendors offering a broad range of dietary supplements. It is also followed by phenomenon of wide availability and as a consequence universality of application of this group of preparations. The goal of this research project was to assess the use of dietary supplements by players of selected sports with consideration given to sex, age, education, level of physical activity and training experience. Material and methods. The study was conducted using the diagnostic survey method with the aid of a survey written by the authors themselves. The study population consisted of 216 athletes (100 powerlifters and 116 volleyball players) ages 16÷30. Statistical analysis of empirical material was conducted on the χ2 basis of an test (p≤0.05 or higher). Results. A clear majority of subjects claimed to be convinced that diet and dietary supplementation exerted an important influence on their athletic performance. Despite giving their own diet a favorable assessment, more than 95% of respondents reported having difficulty following the diet, while simultaneously reporting the causes of this difficulty. The subjects rated their knowledge of how diet and supplementation enhance athletic performance as either average or very good. Their primary sources of knowledge on this subject were: the Internet, periodicals and promotional materials. The role of trainers, dieticians and physiologists was relatively insignificant. Around 64% of subjects reported general use of dietary supplements, while 72.7% claimed dietary supplementation to have a positive influence on their fitness and efficiency. The popularity of supplement use depended on the character of the athletic discipline. The most frequently used supplements were, in order of popularity: vitamin and mineral preparations, creatine, carbohydrate and protein supplements, BCAA and caffeine. The subjects were convinced that supplements for athletes, despite the various contraindications concerning their use and the presence of substances banned in certain sports, are not harmful to their health. Conclusion. Use of dietary supplements by athletes is universal and depends on the type of sport played.

5

Physician Survey of Practices on Diet, Physical Activity and Weight Control: Questionnaire on Adult Care – validation of the Polish language version of the questionnaire

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Agnieszka Hubert-Lutecka A. , Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher D. , Marcin Żal M. , Monika Binkowska-Bury M.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2018

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nr 3

177-183

EN

Introduction. According to the World Health Organization, non-infectious chronic diseases will become the leading cause of disability by 2020 and can be the most expensive health problem. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, smoking, poor eating habits, insufficient physical activity and the resulting overweight and obesity are among the main modifiable factors of non-infectious chronic diseases. The results of epidemiological studies indicate that the prevalence of these factors in the Polish population is constantly growing, which is associated with the dissemination of unfavorable eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. Their combating and preventive and educational activities of patients in the scope of modifiable lifestyle behaviors related to lifestyle should be implemented primarily through primary care physicians. Aim. To validate the Polish language version of Physician Survey of Practices on Diet, Physical Activity and Weight Control: Questionnaire on Adult Care. Material and methods. A Polish version of the questionnaire “Physician Survey of Practices on Diet, Physical Activity and Weight Control: Questionnaire on Adult Care” was created. Validation was carried out on a group of 30 primary care physicians. Results. Very good results in terms of internal coherence of the questionnaire were obtained - the Alpha-Crombach coefficient was 0.82. The level of reproducibility was established with an ICC factor, which was 0.81. Conclusions. The tested Polish version of the questionnaire can be used to conduct research among primary care physicians in Poland

6

Lipodystrophy as dietary and cosmetic problem

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Niczyporuk M. , Bacisz Ł. , Jankowska B. , Knaś M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2019

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tom 1

60-64

EN

Introduction: Lipodystrophy is a skin composition disorder. One of the kinds of lipodystrophy is cellulite. Differences in fat tissue composition between woman and man are the cause that lipodystrophy affects women more often. It affects women of different ages - from maturation to menopause. Is estimated that this problem affects 85% of women above the age of 20. Purpose: To analyse the impact of cosmetic procedures and diets on skin affected by cellulite. Materials and methods: The study was conducted based on a survey using a proprietary questionnaire filled by 57 clients of beauty salon Health and Beauty Center “Anamed”, located in Lomza. The study was conducted between 12.2014 and 01.2015. Results: The diet and treatments performed by the respondents were analyzed and their subjective effectiveness assessed. After analyzing the data, it was observed that one-way actions do not bring the expected results. In order to reduce cellulite, it is necessary to undertake multidirectional activities. Conclusions: Cosmetic treatments minimize cellulite changes and improve the overall condition of the skin. Proper healthy eating habits should be promoted because they help to act in the treatment and more importantly preventive in the formation of cellulite.

7

Selected nutritional behaviors in children and youth at school age – preliminary study

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Abratowska K. , Zalewska M. , Maciorkowska M. , Gładka A. , Maciorkowska E.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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tom 6(2)

132-140

EN

Purpose: To evaluate diet, frequency and type of products consumed and offered at school shops. Materials and methods: Studies were conducted in 2014 among 159 pupils of three randomly selected schools in Bialystok (elementary school, middle school, and high school). The original anonymous questionnaire was used as a research tool. Analysis of results depending on age of the respondents was performed using contingency tables and Pearson's chi-squared test. For hypothesis testing evaluation, significance level of 0.05 was assumed. Results: Consumption of four or more meals during the day was declared by more than half of respondents. Three meals were consumed by 41.5% of middle school pupils, 29.8% of primary school children, and 27.1% of secondary school pupils. Percentage of pupils eating meals outside the home increased with age. Elementary school pupils (91.5%) took water to school significantly more often than middle school or high school pupils (64.2% and 54.2% respectively) (p<0.05). The highest percentage of pupils buying fast food at school was elementary school children, while sweet rolls were mostly bought by middle school pupils (75.5%). Elementary school pupils (78%) are provided information on healthy eating habits from family and school, while middle school (66%) and high school pupils (74.6%) receive this information from the media and magazines. Conclusions: Dietary mistakes reported in the group of pupils were more pronounced with age of respondents. Buying at school shops was associated with an increase in the amount of junk food at the cost of nutritious food

8

Diet of the twaite shad Alosa fallax (Lacépčde, 1803) (Clupeidae) in the Gulf of Gdansk, the Baltic Sea

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Skóra M. E. , Sapota M. R. , Skóra K. E. , Pawelec A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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tom Vol. 41, No. 3

24-32

EN

Twaite shad Alosa fallax (12 – 48 cm total length) from the Gulf of Gdansk feed on Mysids: Mysis mixta, Neomysis integer, and fish: Sprattus sprattus, Osmerus eperlanus, and Pomatoschistus sp.. In the stomachs of A. fallax there also occur Hydrobia sp., Diptera and small stones, particles of wood and plastic. The food of inshore twaite shad measured from 12 to 21 cm centered on M. mixta. Fish are the main prey for A. fallax from the class length 22 – 31 cm from the Vistula River mouth and for all shads longer than 32 cm.

9

Selected conditions of health behaviour of young people from the rural environment

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Sygit K. , Owoc A. , Bojar I.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2011

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nr 1

51-59

10

Role of diet in primary prevention of colorectal cancer

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Kamińska D. , Klusek J. , Klusek J.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia ad Didacticam Biologiae Pertinentia

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2016

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nr Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia ad Didacticam Biologiae Pertinentia VI (2016)

20-30

11

Female Food-Induced Dreams in Advertising: A Case Study of Three Polish TV Commercials

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Augustynowicz N.

Acta Philologica

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2014

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nr 45

85-92

XX

Celem artykułu jest analiza reklam telewizyjnych pod kątem występującego w nich przedstawienia kobiety wpadającej w stan marzenia sennego pod wpływem spożyciareklamowanego produktu i zaproponowanie nowego sposobu ich czytania w oparciu o współczesne teorie reklamy oraz prace Susan Bordo dotyczące ideologii głodu w kulturze popularnej. Dzięki zastosowanej metodologii autorka pokazuje, iż pomimo powierzchownego odczucia wyzwolenia, które mogą one wywoływać, te przedstawienia wskazują na istnienie głęboko zakorzenionych restrykcji dotyczących satysfakcji cielesnej u kobiet. Związek łączący kobiety i jedzenie ma dużą wartość emocjonalną, która zmusza do negocjowania delikatnej równowagi pomiędzy przerażającą żarłocznością a bezcielesną transcendencją. Wreszcie, przeprowadzona analiza ukazuje, że reklamy te mocno podkreślająz jednej strony kwestie samokontroli i samoograniczania się, a z drugiej kładą nacisk na występujące zakłócenia percepcji siebie i otoczenia, co stanowi cechy charakterystyczne dyskursu zaburzeń odżywiania.

12

Hodnoceni energeticke bilance pri stanovovani nouzove stravni davky

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Chaloupka J. , Hlubik P. , Opltova L.

Żywienie Człowieka i Metabolizm. Suplement

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2000

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tom 27

13

Výchova k zdravému stravovaniu – zásady zdravej výživy

100%

Gulášová I. , Babečka J.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2021

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nr 1(34)

175-180

EN

It is not only important what a person eats, but also as a split-day food intake. Biologically valuable food covers the physiological needs of man in proportion to his needs and to the conditions of its environment in relation to age, sex, type of work and the physiological state. Authors in this paper highlights the fact that only eating a varied diet will help us to achieve the necessary balance of nutrients, enzymes, vitamins and trace elements in the body and at the same time as with physical activity becomes successful protection against many diseases, particularly cardiovascular.

14

Comments on the diet of Asplanchna priodonta (Gosse, 1850) in the Dobczycki dam reservoir on the basis of field sample observations

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Pociecha A. , Wilk-Woźniak E.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2008

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tom Vol. 37, No.3

63-69

EN

During a monitoring programme the diet composition of Asplanchna priodonta was studied. Samples were collected every month from the deepest part of the Dobczycki dam reservoir (Southern Poland). The diet of A. priodonta, which included colonial cyanobacteria, diatoms, dinoflagelates and protozoa, indicated that it is both a grazer and a predator. These results support the hypothesis that A. priodonta is an opportunistic feeder. Additionally these results include the first observations of the protozoan Tintinnopsis sp. as a food source of Asplanchna.

15

Leczenie żywieniowe depresji

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Majkutewicz P. , Tyszko P. , Okręglicka K.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2014

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nr 1

48-50

PL

Wypierana latami przez przemysł farmaceutyczny niefarmakologiczna forma kuracji żywnością obecnie ponownie znajduje swoje zastosowanie we współczesnej terapii chorób o podłożu psychicznym. Obserwuje się ograniczone możliwości i sposoby ich leczenia, dlatego obecnie można zauważyć wzrost zainteresowania alternatywnymi formami leczenia tych schorzeń. Sugeruje się istnienie związku między niedoborami żywieniowymi, rozpowszechnieniem typowej diety zachodniej oraz odmiennością przebiegu niektórych procesów metabolicznych (w tym wzmożony proces oksydacyjny) a wystąpieniem chorób o podłożu psychicznym. Nie są jednak znane dokładne przyczyny wzrostu zachorowania na te zaburzenia w ostatnich latach. Brak optymizmu w prognozach dotyczących liczby nowych diagnoz zmusza do podjęcia skutecznych działań zapobiegawczych oraz opracowania nowej strategii leczenia. Sugeruje się, że współczesna dieta deficytowa w składniki odżywcze – głównie witaminy i sole mineralne – a obfitująca w cukier, nasycone kwasy tłuszczowe oraz nienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe typu trans i omega-6, może mieć wpływ na wzrost zachorowania na depresję. Innymi faktorami wpływającymi dodatnio na rozpoznanie zaburzenia jest wystąpienie choroby w rodzinie oraz te pochodzenia socjalnego i środowiskowego. Możliwy pozytywny efekt terapeutyczny mogą wywierać takie składniki, jak: kwasy tłuszczowe omega-3, witaminy z grupy B, tryptofan i inne aminokwasy niezbędne do syntezy neuroprzekaźników oraz cynk. Indywidualnie dobrana dieta powinna mieć swoje uzasadnienie i być prowadzona pod opieką specjalisty we współpracy z lekarzem rodzinnym. Potrzebne są dalsze badania nad wpływem związków zawartych w żywności na choroby o podłożu psychicznym

EN

Over the years, displaced by the pharmaceutical industry drug-free, nutritional therapy again finds its application in contemporary treatment of psychiatric disorders. There is a limited capacity and possibility of treatment, so now we can see a growing interest in alternative forms of treatment for these diseases. It is suggested that there are associations between nutritional deficiencies, the spread of typical Western diet, the difference in some metabolic processes (including increased oxidative process) and the occurrence of psychiatric disorders. However precise reasons for the increased incidence of these disorders in recent years is not known. No optimistic forecasts for the number of new diagnoses necessitate to take effective preventive measures and to develop new treatment strategies. It is suggested that the modern diet, deficit in nutrients – mainly vitamins and minerals – and rich in sugar, saturated fat and trans and omega-6, may have an impact on developing depression. Other risk factors include depression incidence in the family and those of the social and environmental origin. Possible positive therapeutic effect may have components such as omega-3, B-vitamins, tryptophan and other amino acids required for the synthesis of neurotransmitters, and zinc. Individually selected diet should be justified and should be conducted under the supervision of a specialist in cooperation with Family Doctor. More research is needed on the effects of compounds found in foods on psychiatric illness.

16

The assessment of health (risk) behaviour of academic youth

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Sygit K. , Owoc A. , Bojar I.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2011

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nr 1

42-50

17

Żywienie a prewencja chorób układu krążenia

100%

Nowicka G.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

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2003

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tom 1

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nr 1

103-114

EN

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has been recognized as the leading cause of death for both men and women in developed countries. During the past century epidemiological and observational studies established that inappropriate nutrition together with reduced physical activity and increased tobacco consumption are key factors for cardiovascular disease development. Recent epidemiological and clinical trial data provide evidence of the great effectiveness of dietary interventions in cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. Therefore, the efforts to improve diet play an important role in shifting population disease risk. In this paper, the scientific background and current recommendations for dietary prevention of cardiovascular disease are summarized.

18

Why is it important to monitor the diet of overweight patients with depressive disorders?

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Stefańska E. , Wendołowicz A. , Cwalina U. , Kowzan U. , Konarzewska B. , Szulc A. , Ostrowska L.

Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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2014

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tom 16

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nr 4

47-55

EN

Introduction. Studies on the dietary habits of depressive patients demonstrate frequent deviation result- ing in the development of many diseases. Purpose. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of weight reduction diet in patients with depres- sive disorders, including the assessment of changes in the intake of major nutrients that may promote al- terations in body composition during a three-month observation. Methods. The study included 77 people with excessive body weight (45 women and 32 men; average age of women 49.3±10.3 years and men 47.1± 1.2 years) treated for recurrent depressive disorders and being on a 3-month weight reduction diet. The study patients underwent anthropometric measurements and their body composition was determined with electric bio-impedance. Results. Mean weight loss in women was 2.7±2.5kg, and in men 2.0±5.6kg. There was a decrease in fat mass in women by an average of 1.8±5.7kg and in men by 1.3±7.1kg. A statistically significant reduc- tion was reported in the mean waist circumference (3.8±3.7cm) and hips (2.0 ± 1.9cm) among women. Diet modification brought a decrease in the energy value of daily diet and reduction in the supply of ma- cronutrients. Conclusions. The long-term effect of the nutritional therapy indicates the need for intensified dietary ed- ucation, both in terms of the number of dietary trainings and intensive cooperation between patient and dietician for proper selection of food products. The cooperation should not only be related to diet correc- tion, but is also expected to motivate physical activity and lifestyle changes.

19

Nutritional habits in the elderly

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Kourkouta L. , Ouzounakis P. , Monios A. , Iliadis C.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

|

tom 6(2)

155-159

EN

Introduction: Aging is accompanied by several physiological and psychological changes in the organism of an individual (e.g., decreased sense of taste and smell, disruption of satiety, depression), which affect the nutritional intake. Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study is to highlight the nutritional habits of elderly people. Materials and methods: Extensive review of the recent literature in electronic databases (Pub med, Google scholar) and journals. Exclusion criterion for the articles was the language than the Greek and English. Results: The increase life expectancy is important to be accompanied by physical and mental health, quality of life and, where possible, from participation in social, economic, cultural and spiritual life. Adopting healthy dietary patterns, combined with daily physical activity, and factors such as avoiding smoking, could help considerably in reaching these goals. The physical and psychological changes occurring during aging may adversely affect nutritional status. Instead, a proper diet can positively influence the physical and emotional state of elderly people. Conclusions: Diet and generally nutrition habits of the elderly play an important role in their health.

20

Nutritional behavior of pregnant women from the Podkarpacie province

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Katarzyna Dereń K. , Magdalena Gaweł M. , Edyta Łuszczki E. , Sara Jarmakiewicz S. , Aneta Sokal A. , Ewelina Polak E. , Justyna Wyszyńska J.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2017

|

nr 4

322-329

EN

Introduction. Healthy nutrition is very important during pregnancy for both a baby and a mother. Modification of metabolic and hormonal processes i.e. metabolic programming occurs already at the prenatal stage. This process significantly affects the baby’s health and eating habits at a later age. The diet of a pregnant woman should supplement the demand for energy, nutrients, vitamins and minerals. An expecting woman needs to also avoid products that are contraindicated during this period, such as raw milk, eggs or meat. Aim. Assessment of nutritional behavior of pregnant women from the Podkarpacie province. Materials and method. 228 women living in the Podkarpackie province were enrolled in the study. Surveys were collected via the Internet. An anonymous questionnaire developed by the authors was used. Results. Women’s eating habits are primarily influenced by education. Most women had knowledge about proper nutrition and awareness of its impact on the health of the baby. A worrying fact was a very low intake of dairy products. 44% of women consumed dairy products only once a day. Fruit and vegetables consumption was also low (40% of the respondents ate only from 100 to 200 g during the day). Conclusions. Although part of the eating habits of pregnant women is correct, nutritional education should be introduced in this group, especially related to the adequate supply of dairy products, fruit and vegetables to supplement the necessary vitamins, minerals and protein.