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1
Content available Logistic support of cultural heritage evacuation
100%
EN
Cultural heritage is irrecoverable treasure of every nation; it indicates the development of community and demonstrates its cultural level and education. Reasons of damage or cultural heritage devastation vary: threats can be caused by anthropogenic or environmental affects, war conflict, terrorist attacks, etc. Cultural heritage protection is included into the Constitution as well as into further legislative acts and standards. Evacuation of movable cultural heritage is one way of its protection; there are high requirements for professional preparation as well as competent and complex logistic support.
2
Content available remote Logistic support of cultural heritage evacuation
100%
EN
Cultural heritage is irrecoverable treasure of every nation; it indicates the development of community and demonstrates its cultural level and education. Reasons of damage or cultural heritage devastation vary: threats can be caused by anthropogenic or environmental affects, war conflict, terrorist attacks, etc. Cultural heritage protection is included into the Constitution as well as into further legislative acts and standards. Evacuation of movable cultural heritage is one way of its protection; there are high requirements for professional preparation as well as competent and complex logistic support.
XX
Report on the proceedings of the cultural heritage section of the 1st Anthropological Congress in Warsaw (October 23-25, 2013).
EN
In Polish conditions and relatively poor condition of public finances, funding protection of monuments is also made with a significant share of funds from the European Union A good example of such is the funding under the Regional Operational Programmes of individual provinces. This article attempts to present the role of Regional Operational Program in the system of financing the protection of monuments in Poland, activities related to the protection of cultural heritage and to present the project of monument protection funded by Regional Operational Program of the Opole Voivodeship. The cultural heritage of a nation in the form of material and intangible heritage of previous generations is a key to building national identity, because without it teaching respect for tradition and culture would be impossible. However, in a market economy cultural heritage in the form of monuments should be treated also as a factor supporting regional development. Presented policy on the use of funds for activities related to the protection of cultural heritage, protection of monuments and the funds allocated for this purpose that EU funds, especially the Regional Operational Program, will not replace the system of financing these activities from public funds, which is administered by the Minister of Culture and National Heritage, but they can be a good complement to this system.
XX
Reprint (fragment): K. Kowalski, O istocie dziedzictwa europejskiego - rozważania (Kraków 2013)
EN
The objective of this paper is to present and summarize the achievements of Polish researchers in recording Poland’s cultural heritage. It also presents the current state of research on recording Polonica outside Poland. A search in library catalogues and internet sources was made for this purpose and on its basis a bibliographic specification including catalogues of Polonica published within the last 150 years was prepared. The main thesis of the paper is that research is conducted in an unsystematic, chaotic manner, which was documented throughout this search. This important issue has not yet been duly examined. Even the bibliography of the subject has not been drawn up. The subsequent parts of the paper discuss geographical directions towards which interests of Polish researchers recording Polonica turn, institutions undertaking such projects, and present conclusions and bibliography of catalogues of Polonica in chronological order.
EN
For over a century, X-ray radiation has played an important role in the area of the conservation and restoration of cultural heritage objects. X-ray techniques are amongst the most fundamental and helpful methods used in the investigation of art works. This paper reviews the application of traditional radiography, X-ray dual source computed tomography (DSCT) and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersed X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to the investigation of a wooden, Gothic sculpture, The risen Christ. Thanks to the properties of X-ray radiation (different absorption by various materials) first two methods allow the assessment of the preservation state and the observation of the internal structure of an object in 3-D. While SEM-EDX analysis permits the elemental analysis of the polychrome layers. As a result 2-D and 3-D images, permitting the full volume inspection of an object, were taken in a totally non-destructive way. The morphological and physical information about the inner structure of the investigated wooden sculpture was obtained, revealing changes related to previous restorations, as well as ageing effects. Employing the SEM-EDX, painting materials (pigments and filers), were identified. Gained data is essential for restorers to understand the whole structure of the studied object and to decide which further investigation and restoration steps have to be undertaken.
EN
Radiation sterilization has been considered a mass decontamination technique for biodegradable cultural heritage (CH) since its widespread application in the medical field. Initial experiments have revealed advantages, for example, efficiency and effectiveness, but also disadvantages, namely “side effects” concerning CH materials. More than 50 years later, the adequacy of ionizing radiation for some CH artefacts is still the subject of discussion. The main reason why is that science and industry are not yet able to provide a more efficient technique for treating mass decontamination. For wooden items, there is general agreement that the irradiation dose required for insect eradication is not damaging, even in the case of polychromed wood. For cellulose pulp (paper), there is a reduction in polymerization degree (DP) at the high doses necessary to stop the attack of fungi, but this should be considered taking into account the purpose of the treatment. Emergency or rescue treatments are necessary to mitigate the consequences of accidents or improper storage conditions. In some cases (archives), the value of written information is greater than the historical value of the paper support. For other materials, namely textiles, leather and parchment, less research has been published on the effect of ionizing radiation treatment. As a general rule, irradiation is not necessary when only a few CH elements are present that are affected by biological contamination since restorers can solve the problem by classical means. The need for radiation treatment arises when large collections (hundreds, thousands or even more elements) are heavily affected by the biological attack. In Romania, the IRASM gamma irradiator of IFIN-HH is receiving an increasing number of requests for CH treatment, mainly due to an intensive research programme concerning this topic and close liaison with CH owners or administrators. Besides reviewing the scientific results obtained in Romania and abroad, this paper presents some examples from experiences in Romania.
EN
The aim of the article is to discuss the processes of continuity and change that take place within the space of an industrial town, connected with the functioning of their cultural areas. The subject of interest is the process of creating qualitatively new cultural areas, changes of perception and valorization of socially degraded and empty cultural areas that are being ascribed new functions and meanings, as well as the development, maintenance and proper development of historical cultural areas of an industrial town, constituting the cultural heritage of this category of centres. The phenomenon of changes and valorization, was analysed on the example of the processes taking places in three towns, constituting the composition of the Upper-Silesian aglomeration, namely Bytom, Ruda Śląska and Zabrze.
EN
This article examines how the UNESCO International Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003) is appropriated by the political and scientific bodies, which are responsible for organizing this inventory in their country with their own methodology (as UNESCO gives the liberty to choose the methodology for inventorying their intangible heritage). This reflection is based on the example of the inventorization of intangible cultural heritage coordinated in Aquitaine (France) since 2010, which highlights issues regarding researcher commitment, ethics, and the systemic view of cultural practices. In addition, the new digital collection tools are emphasized as „transcription of reality” and allow the recording, dissemination and valorisation of this heritage. Thus the modeling of intangible heritage inventorisation deserves to be explored in order to understand the heuristic issues surrounding these inventories, which are not only a simple application of a UNESCO legal instrument.
XX
Reprint: "Konteksty. Polska Sztuka Ludowa", 2004, R. LVIII, nr 3-4, s. 206-208.
EN
Since the transition period of the 1990s, historic relics have been exposed to multiple threats. The following case study of Łódź illustrates the general need for a change of approach towards cultural legacy management, especially in reference to more common heritage elements which are not under hard protection.
EN
The problem of representing the Polish cultural landscape consists of two components. The first component is the choice of content. Wishing to define the breadth of the content of a cultural landscape map, one needs to remember that it is composed of two facets. The first facet, the material result of human activity, is easily discernable in the field and easily illustrated on a map. Elements included in this facet are: sacred and secular historical structures, the spatial layout of cities, archeological sites etc. The second facet of cultural landscape needs to be considered in immaterial terms. It is difficult to illustrate on a map, because its elements do not lend themselves to being topographically situated. One could mention, for example, religions, customs and traditions, a common historical past etc. Most often, one can only indirectly speculate about this facet of the cultural landscape, on the basis of the material characteristics of the cultural landscape. The second problem related to presenting cultural landscape on a map is the choice of graphic form for the map. The problem is to a large extent tied to difficulties stemming from the necessity of maintaining semantic correctness (the relation between “symbol” and “object”). In practice, during the graphic editing of a map representing the cultural landscape, one should remember to: a) choose a scale suitable for the representation, upon which depend the degree of detail and the generalization of the content; b) correctly depict the variation boundaries, taking into account sharp and fuzzy boundaries; c) make a well-designed symbol key.
PL
The text presents a book that collects the views of nine experts on the historical center of Prague. At the same time, it analyses their attitudes in the context of the contemporary relations within Czech society.
EN
A great culture-creating event “The Carpathian Sheep Graze - Transhumance 2013”, organized with due respect for pastoral tradition, and “Lamb Meat Feast” in Ustroń are examples of restitution and popularization of the cultural heritage of sheep farming and pastoral symbolics. Both events appeal to very deep layers of tradition, which raise reflection on culture-creating aspects of sheep farming (one of the oldest forms of agricultural economy), on the signs of pastoral customs and symbolics, and on culinary traditions. Pastoral elements still seem to be present in modern culture, especially in the religious symbolic imagination. However, most frequently there is no direct presence of sheep and shepherds, which might make them only a “relic” of the past.
EN
The implementation by the Nowosądeckie district of its statutory tasks in the area of culture through concrete action is dependent inter alia on geography, demographic situation, history and traditions, as well as on current social and cultural context. For this reason, the actual information on local government projects of Nowy Sącz district in the sphere of the protection and promotion of cultural heritage is preceded by a historical outline. This part deals with administrative divisions and basis of multiculturalism in the Nowy Sącz region. One of the most important tasks is to aid to preserve and promote the cultural heritage of the Nowy Sącz region in order to maintain the local identity.
EN
This paper considers the cultural heritage and global / local manifestation in urban spaces. It focuses on cultural monuments, phenomena, events and the image of the city, which form a historical continuum and the part of today's city culture with the overlap between global and local elements, forms and functions. Global and local manifestations enable compliance or conflict that may promote, encourage, even out or damage cultural heritage. Municipal institutions, NGOs, individuals and foreign investors and entrepreneurs enter into this process. The paper is the result of field research in Zvolen located in central Slovakia.
EN
The sound of Romani tabors as an example of acoustic communication with the world. This paper complements latest research into sounds. Specifically, it discusses the processes affecting acoustic communication with the ambient world in the field of sounds from different elements of Romani tabors. Indeed, Steven Feld notes that all relations of human being with soundscape can be seen and studied as anthropology of sounds. The author carried out an in-depth analysis of the phenomena in soundscape of past Romani life. The paper presents the sonic ways of non-verbal communication in the Romani world as a medium of cultural identity a global context and as a valuable example of interdisciplinary studies in which many references to humanities are made.
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