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1
Content available Good governance as prerequisite for sound economy
100%
EN
Podstawą zdrowej, stabilnie rozwijającej się gospodarki jest dobre rządzenie (good governanace). W artykule zostały omówione definicje tego pojęcia sformułowane przez ONZ, Bank Światowy i MFW oraz cechy dobrego rządzenia, odnoszące się do różnych relacji pomiędzy instytucjami państwowymi a gospodarką i społeczeństwem. Na podstawie danych raportu BŚ dotyczącego skali korupcji, autor analizuje jakość instytucji państwowych w krajach młodych lub słabych demokracjach. Wskazuje na związek pomiędzy wysokim poziomem korupcji a poziomem rozwoju gospodarczego. W przypadku krajów postsocjalistycznych, a szczególnie Polski, autor odwołuje się do książki W. Kieżuna "Patologia transformacji". Podkreśla, że choć wiele jeszcze należy usprawnić we wzajemnych relacjach pomiędzy administracją centralną a lokalną, przedsiębiorstwami, instytucjami publicznymi i prywatnymi oraz obywatelami, to są wyraźne sygnały, że zmiany następują w dobrym kierunku.
EN
Most often practical is the traditional management by system of rewards and punishments and their modern versi'on - management by objectwes. With such approach in his own works disputed among other things Deming, and in Poland format described this and initiated in her own firm A.Blikle under the name "the management without pumshments and rewards". The present article came as result of the Oxford discussion on the conference "Personnel management as the criterion of the excellence" Piechowice 2008, about this subject. In the article one showed the however separate sentence of the author who transcends limitations forced by some disputants during the discussion. Particularly takes into account the necessity ofthe existence of the system of punishments in the personnel management. It takes into account also the need of the avoidance abuse in the system of wage, and especially awarding a bonus which in a manner contributed to the pronouncement of the economic crisis. ALso showed the requirement in international management systems standard, and especially Information Management Security Systems and Risk Management. Proposed approach name "management without reward but with thread of punishment" embraces All level of the management while the ciassical approach Deming limited itself in principle exclusively to workers and people of Iower level of the management.
3
Content available remote "Zrównoważona Tablica Celów" jako metoda racjonalizacji funkcjonowania firm
96%
PL
Niefinansowe aspekty firmy mają coraz większy udział w zarządzaniu jako ważna część czynników wpływających na skuteczność jej działalności. Analiza i wybór optymalnej kombinacji tych czynników wraz z czynnikami finansowymi jest dla każdej organizacji gwarantem sukcesu osiągnięcia jej celów. W tym artykule przedstawione zostanie pojęcie Kaplana i Nortona "Zrównoważona Tablica Celów" jako system zarządzania strategicznego, które jest dobrze przyjęte wśród liczących się uczonych i menedżerów.
EN
Non financial aspects are increasingly important in management as part of relevant factors influencing corporations. For any organization, to analyze and choose an optimum combination of those factors with the financial ones, is inextricable linked to the success of its strategic goals. In this article is presented the Kaplan and Norton's concept of the balanced scorecard as a strategic management system which has received wide acceptance from both academics and practitioners.
EN
The considerations included in the article resulted from several years of research carried out by the author on the activity of destination management organizations (DMO) in various European countries. Their purpose is to identify possible implications for science and practical solutions resulting from an assessment of the activity of destination management organizations. In the article, the most important changes that occur in the organizations examined are indicated with emphasis on a visible transition from the marketing orientation to more comprehensive tourism management in a given area. Those observations originated from the author's previous research described in a separate monograph. That initial part of study was followed by the research carried out in March 2016, which allowed for verification of the previously obtained results based on the opinions of the representatives of 34 European DMOs. The participants of the study highly appreciated the recommendations and solutions proposed by the author aimed at streamlining the activities of destination management organizations. Their interest also convinced the author of the need of further research in relation to those entities.
5
Content available remote Zarządzanie w Japonii - mity i rzeczywistość
96%
PL
Powojenny dynamiczny rozwój gospodarki japońskiej spowodował znaczny wzrost zainteresowania tym krajem. Liczni badacze i przedstawiciele zachodnich przedsiębiorstw próbowali dotrzeć do źródeł japońskiego sukcesu. Rosnąca konkurencja ze strony japońskich firm wymagała od europejskich i amerykańskich przedsiębiorstw szybkiej reakcji. Sprzyjało to powstawaniu pośpiesznie przygotowywanych i uproszczonych koncepcji na temat japońskiej gospodarki i zarządzania w tym kraju. To z kolei doprowadziło do rozpowszechnienia się licznych stereotypów, które zostały częściowo podważone przez obecny kryzys w Japonii. Celem artykułu jest krytyczna analiza tych stereotypów, która powinna pozwolić na przynajmniej częściowe odróżnienie mitów od rzeczywistości. Przedstawioną analizę autor oparł na licznych opracowaniach dotyczących japońskiego stylu zarządzania oraz na własnych badaniach przeprowadzonych podczas rocznego pobytu w Japonii.
EN
The frequent cause of ships’ detentions by port authorities are abnormalities of ship power plant functioning. Each extended ship lay time in port results in waste of ship operating time thus costs rise to shipowners. This is connected with improper ship power plant management. In order to avoid this, a ship engineer should have at his disposal computer aided system supporting him in managing of ship power plant. Such a system can be worked out on condition that mathematical formula which represents the decision – making process of an engineer has been built. The present work shows approache to the problem according to the situation in which the engineer is made to take certain decisions. In formulation of the most substantial operating states of a ship like lay time in harbour and sea voyage the ‚knapsack algorithm’ was applied. For both approaches objective function was formulated.
PL
Sprawozdanie z Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji w dniach 16-18 października 1997 r. w Elblągu i w Krynicy Morskiej zorganizowanej przez Oddział Stowarzyszenia Technicznego Odlewników Polskich w Elblągu oraz przez Zakład Metalurgiczny ABB Zamech Ltd. Przedstawione referaty omawiały model organizacyjny i system zarządzania w ABB Zamech Ltd., metodę planowania zasobów gospodarczych oraz system motywacyjny w tym przedsiębiorstwie.
EN
A raport from the all-Polish conference organized by the branch of the Polish Foundrymen`s Technical Association in Elbląg and ABB Zamech Ltd Metallurgical Plant is presented. The conference took place in Elbląg and Krynica Morska on 16-18 October 1997. The presented papers dealt with the organizational model and the management system at ABB Zamech Ltd, the method of planning economic reserves and the incentive system in this enterprise.
EN
Since the second half of the twentieth century, the global economy began to emerge trends and today exert a significant influence on the strategic behavior of companies, namely, the constant search for ways to maximize the company’s value, and constant adaptation to the increasing variability of the environment and intense competition. To date, foreign and domestic researchers continue to actively investigate the problem of strategic management and, given these characteristics of modern competitive environment as amorphous and naddynamichnist, create new approaches to business strategies. The study of competence -oriented approach based on the concepts of strategic management laid K.K.Prahaladom and H.Hamelom. Many works devoted to the study of competence -based approach and Dzh.Ris A.Drezher researchers, which identified the main provisions of the approach. F.Amess, A.Avadikyan and P.Kohendet in their studies combining resource- oriented and of competence-oriented approaches into a single concept of strategic management firms that their activities are based on knowledge (so-called «knowledge-based firms»). Authors D.Dzh.Tis, H.Pisano A.Shuen and, in turn, noted that the selection of areas of competence of the firm is solely the result of the evolution of its routine operations.
EN
The article deals with the issue of building the reputation of the enterprise through quality management and the system of communicating that. The role of indicated actions was analysed using two existing models of building reputation i.e. "building in process" and "building through values". The authors describe the quality actions and initiatives as factors responsible for building enterprise's identity and its image. The way they are communicated to the potential stakeholders influences their opinion about the enterprise as a reliable, credible, responsible and trustworthy organization. The article presents also various quality actions aimed at the creation of reputation, which in turn affects the market value of the enterprise.
11
84%
EN
Basing on research described in the literature, the author discusses the contemporary scientific theories related to the valuation of companies, and their impact on shareholder value management.
EN
The study examines the revivalof the management science in Czechoslovakia after 1956 and its activities in the context of political reforms of the 1968. The second part of the article monitors changes of the theory of management since 1968, focusing on the introduction of social planning and its relation to corporate management. The theory of management is presented as an expert activity which was influencing then existing concepts and ideas of the organization of economic life, form the development of complex planning and management systems to efforts aimed at establishing the profession of a socialist manager. The author´s goal is to describe the scope of the expert activity referred to above and also to analyze its politicial functions in different stages of the development of state socialism. He claims the attempt to create a management science consistent with specific feature of socialist economy led to different concepts and perceptions of methods and objectives of economic management, including different concepts of socialist managership. The reform policy of the 1960s permitted a vast receptions of Western management science, development of an institutional base, and creation of an expert culture drawing from a number of different professional disciplines, from psychology to system engineering. The reform managrement science was promoting socialist entrepreneurship: the idea requiered economic decentralization and the creation of a system based on an interaction between the plan and the market. The "consolidated" management science of the 1970s responded to a departure from the market socialism and a return to a central planning system by producing a different concept of socialist managership. The manager´s mission was to ensure a level of economic and organizational efficiency comparable to that of a capitalist enterprise and, at the same time, implement socio-political strategies of the socialist regime through social planning.
CS
a2_Reformní politika šedesátých let umožnila rozsáhlou recepci západní manažerské vědy, vybudování institucionální základny a vytvoření expertní kultury, která čerpala ze značně rozdílných odborných perspektiv od psychologie po systémové inženýrství. Reformní manažerská věda propagovala socialistické podnikatelství, jehož uskutečnění vyžadovalo decentralizaci hospodářství a vytvoření ekonomického systému založeného na interakci mezi plánem a trhem. „Konsolidovaná“ manažerská věda sedmdesátých let pak reagovala na odklon od tržního socialismu a návrat k centrálnímu plánování vytvořením odlišného pojetí socialistického manažerství. Úkolem manažera bylo zabezpečit hospodářskou a organizační efektivitu srovnatelnou s výkonem kapitalistické firmy a současně naplňovat sociálně-politické strategie socialistického režimu prostřednictvím sociálního plánování.
EN
The purpose of the study is to compare Developmental leadership with Lean leadership; document the differences and similarities and examine if you can combine these theories to achieve better results in the organization. A literature review is used. The result indicates more similarities than differences between Developmental leadership and Lean leadership behavior. The major difference is that Developmental leadership focuses on making the leader conscious of their own behavior and develop (possibly change) their behavior. Through new behaviors their co-workers and organization also gain developmental advantages. There is no further purpose described in Development leadership theory. Lean leadership also concentrates on behaviors, but clearly declares an override purpose; continuous improvement with focus on eliminating waste in the value stream. Lean leadership behaviors share a similar purpose, and focus on making leaders aware of what incorrect behaviors can cost or cause the organization. Even if Lean leadership does not have this clear and distinct relationship it is an underlying element in one of the two key principles - respect for people, which permeates both models. The two studied models seem to be quite similar and both focus on role models and frequency of developmental/value creating behaviors. The proposed comparative study should be oriented towards practical application in management positions.
14
Content available remote Coronary artery anomalies - a short review
77%
Open Medicine
|
2007
|
tom 2
|
nr 2
140-153
EN
Coronary artery anomalies are rare but sometimes important findings in the evaluation of the coronary artery. The majority of the anomalies are of benign prognosis, but others can be associated with cardiac symptoms and syndromes (angina, dyspnea, syncope, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction and sudden death). The potentially serious anomalies include: ectopic coronary origin from the pulmonary artery; ectopic coronary origin from the opposite aortic sinus; and large coronary fistulae. Appropriate diagnosis is critical for recognition and management. Treatment can be performed by surgical or percutaneous approach. However, management is conservative in the majority of them. Contemporary diagnosis and clinical management of these anomalies are briefly reviewed and discussed in this article.
EN
Technical aspect of energy using and management in Poland industry of injection molding plant are not well known. Energy management is assignment of increasing importance to plastics processors. However there is no wellknown structure for measurement, estimation and prediction. Many technical workers sometimes are trying to measure something, but don’t know techniques how to do it in a good way. Next then get the bad answers. This paper describes and illustrates some basic techniques and aspect of easurement, estimation and prediction. This engineering element can be used for most plastics processing companies. More importantly, the paper looks at how this information can be used to get better both operations and performance in injection molding industry and per analog in other plastics industry.
EN
Groundwater resources play a dominant role in water supply in Serbia, and to manage them properly, an assessment of their quantitative and qualitative status must be given. The concept of quality groundwater management is the implementation of EU Water Framework Directive (WFD-2000/6/EC). In this, groundwater monitoring has the highest role, which should provide a comprehensive insight into the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of water in a particular area (Stevanović 2011). The research area in this case is karst landscapes of Serbia. The water bodies of karst groundwater have been identified in the Carpathian-Balkan Mountains of eastern Serbia and in the Dinaric area of western Serbia. Groundwaters of alluvial aquifers along the major rivers are systematically monitored, however, karst and artesian aquifers are not covered by the monitoring network. The current state of monitoring network in the karst of Serbia is, to say the least, unsatisfactory – only the spring of Mlava is observed by the Republic hydrometeorological service of Serbia. EU Water Framework Directive proposes water resource management at the level of river basins, so therefore, prior to network organization, the grouping of existing water bodies of karst groundwater was performed. The basic rule for grouping water bodies is that all bodies must belong to the same river basin and the groups provide reliable data for assessing the status of individual water bodies. Then topographical, geomorphological, hydrographic, geological and hydrogeological characteristics of the terrain were analyzed. According to Poledica (2015) and Stevanović (2015), 25 groups of water bodies in the areas of exploration have been singled out, 13 of them in western and 12 in eastern Serbia. For each group a representative monitoring network has been determined. 104 observation facilities have been selected in the domain of quantity and 53 facilities in the quality domain. This is the total number of observation points that are further sorted by priority. Including the economic factor, it is proposed to gradually develop monitoring networks. Beginning of observation will start in a period of 5 years from now, when observation facilities of first priority (springs of water supply) will be included. The observation facilities of second priority will be included in a period of 10 years from now and those of third priority will be included by 2035. Karst springs and purpose-built piezometers within the source where there are already wells for water supply provide the largest numbers of observation points. Also, hydrological stations are located on watercourses near karst springs where flows during the dry period of the year will be monitored. The final results are presented in the form of hydrogeological maps of Eastern and Western Serbia, which contain water bodies with observation points. These maps were made using the software package ArcGIS. On all facilities, it has been determined which parameters will continuously be monitored (content of observation) and how often (frequency of observation). The level of water will be observed continuously on the places where piezometers will be drilled. Discharge of springs will be observed each other day. Discharge regime of karst springs is studied enough only after many years of research. The reconstruction of monitoring network is suggested after six years. Microbiological and bacterial composition will be observed at least six times a year and other qualitative parameters at least four times a year. Spring discharges and level of groundwater belong to quantitative parameters. Dissolved oxygen, pH value, electrical conductivity, nitrates, turbidity and microbiological composition belong to qualitative parameters. It is very important to include all institutions that are the direct users of these resources, especially water supply system, industry and institutes for public health, and ensure the good cooperation and communication between them. studied enough only after many years of research. The reconstruction of monitoring network is suggested after six years. Microbiological and bacterial composition will be observed at least six times a year and other qualitative parameters at least four times a year. Spring discharges and level of groundwater belong to quantitative parameters. Dissolved oxygen, pH value, electrical conductivity, nitrates, turbidity and microbiological composition belong to qualitative parameters. It is very important to include all institutions that are the direct users of these resources, especially water supply system, industry and institutes for public health, and ensure the good cooperation and communication between them.
EN
Business environment is constantly evolving and it is getting shrunk as managers acting in the market economy encounter some problems and a great deal of implicated solutions from one country can be applied in others. This situation leads to the rise of market systems where various agreements, which are reached, aim at liberalization of trade and cooperation [Penc J., 2003, pp.126-127]. The speed of forwarding messages, products, services, easiness in making relationships, blurring the time and spatial boundaries, and convergence of customer’s tastes or standard unification enable trade and world’s production to develop. It also causes the borders to be on the decline at the same time increasing enterprise competition level internationally. The objective of paper is to indicate and describe the selected aspects connected with enterprise internationalization. The analysis and review of national and international literature were provided in the article.
EN
The article is of empirical nature. It presents the results of research dedicated to identification of the organizational culture and the commitment of the employees of an international corporation operating on the financial services market. The OCAI questionnaire, used to identify the dominant type of organizational culture, and a questionnaire concerning the commitment and loyalty of employees in three selected branches of the company, located in Poland, England and India, were used in the research. The main aim of the research was to identify the types of the organizational culture and to define the level of commitment of employees and loyalty, taking into account factors like branch location and nationality of the surveyed people. The assumption that organizational culture is positively correlated with the level of commitment and loyalty has been only partially confirmed and requires further verification. However, the differences between the results from the three branches (Poland, India, England) encourage continuation of that type of research.
EN
The need to compete and grow encourages changes in organizations. In the fishing camps are created cooperatives, which know the reality of the environment and work with the aim of contributing to the development and progress of the fishermen and their communities. It is fundamental the role of its leaders, who have a responsibility to promote change in attitude and teamwork, to achieve personal and collective goals. This paper presents preliminary results of a larger study which main objective was to identify the type of leadership that dominates in the management of the Sinaloa fishing cooperatives. The study was conducted under the qualitative paradigm; data collection was carried out with semi-structured interviews with managers and former directives of fishing cooperatives located in central Sinaloa, complemented by the application of a questionnaire covering their socioeconomic profile. The main findings show that managers are fishermen, cooperative members, elected by the General Assembly as the highest organ of administration, with an average age from 35 to 45 years old, with basic school grades. They know about the productive activity of artisanal fisheries and occupy the job of president of the board in periods of 2-3 years without administrative preparation to run them. Regarding the predominant style of leadership, managers of fishing cooperatives say their efforts are focused on the development of organizational tasks such as setting goals and targets for each fishing season. In relation with the development of human relationships among members of the cooperative, indicate that their main concern is the quality of mutual relations and the level of involvement of partners, and with that in mind they implement strategies for the integration and participation in the opinions and decision making for the members. With the above it is concluded that managers of fishing cooperatives are young fishermen who run the organization with little training for the development of their job and they practice predominantly a style of democratic leadership, because they promote the participation of partners in both contribution of opinions as in decision making, strengthening the trust deposited in him at the time of his election as leader.
20
Content available Innovation management in Polish enterprises
77%
EN
The modern enterprise operates in a turbulent, demanding and unstable environment. Technical and technological progress as well as socioeconomic development create new opportunities but, at the same time, they force enterprises to continuously increase the quantity and quality of the products and services offered. Enterprises, wanting to meet the expectations and requirements of the market, are forced to look for and introduce innovative, risky and expensive solutions. The focus of enterprises on innovative solutions in the area of management is conditioned by an accurate diagnosis of the current situation and also by accurate determination of the direction of future activities. This article aims to show how Polish enterprises demonstrated innovation in 2013–2016 and what kind of innovations were introduced. The second goal of the article is to answer the question of whether it is worthwhile developing innovations in organizations and whether they are an important element of the company’s development.
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