Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Modelling of delay in glucose-insulin dynamics

100%

Baranowski J.

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

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2010

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tom Vol. 6, no. 12

123--130

EN

In this paper a model of glucose-insulin dynamics is analysed. Since the model is in the form of a delay differential equation, a finite dimensional approximation is desirable. Two methods of such approximation are discussed. The first method is based on a discretisation and the second is based on Galerkin projections. Both methods are thoroughly described. A comparison of methods is executed for wide range of approximation orders and illustrated with graphs.

2

Modeling of metabolic diseases – a review of selected methods

100%

Świerkosz A.

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

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2015

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tom Vol. 11, no. 4

205--209

EN

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases caused by malfunction of blood sugar regulatory processes and has been reported as related to 8.3% of adult population, i.e. nearly 400 million people worldwide. This paper provides a review of facts and principles important for understanding the regulation mechanisms and the role of insulin. The author relies on mathematical modeling of these mechanisms and provides few formulas and computer applications dedicated for use in diabetes. The modeling aims to find a correct dose of insulin as a response to a series of measurement results on glucose concentration. In conclusion, the author recommends selected methods for personal self-check of glucose level and stresses on the importance of regularly checking blood-related parameters.

3

Preliminary results of glucose oxidation by photocatalysis on titanium dioxide - primary intermediates

100%

Zmudziński W.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2010

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tom Vol. 45

141-151

4

Induction of the synthesis of an additional family of long-chain dolichols in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Effect of starvation and ageing.

100%

Szkopinska A. , Swiezewska E. , Rytka J.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2002

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tom 49

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nr 3

781-787

EN

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain W303 synthesizes in the early logarithmic phase of growth dolichols of 14-18 isoprene residues. The analysis of the polyisoprenoids present in the stationary phase revealed an additional family which proved to be also dolichols but of 19-24 isoprene residues, constituting 39% of the total dolichols. The transfer of early logarithmic phase cells to a starvation medium lacking glucose or nitrogen resulted in the synthesis of the longer chain dolichols. The additional family of dolichols represented 13.8% and 10.3% of total dolichols in the glucose and nitrogen deficient media, respectively. The level of dolichols in yeast cells increased with the age of the cultures. Since both families of dolichols are present in stationary phase cells we postulate that the longer chain dolichols may be responsible for the physico-chemical changes in cellular membranes allowing yeast cells to adapt to nutrient deficient conditions to maintain long-term viability.

5

Development of Blood Glucose Monitoring System using Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques

100%

Thomas A. , Palekar S. , Kalambe J.

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2022

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tom Vol. 68, No. 2

323--328

EN

Glucose concentration measurement is essential for diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of various medical conditions like diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, etc. This paper presents a novel image-processing and machine learning based approach for glucose concentration measurement. Experimentation based on Glucose oxidase - peroxidase (GOD/POD) method has been performed to create the database. Glucose in the sample reacts with the reagent wherein the concentration of glucose is detected using colorimetric principle. Colour intensity thus produced, is proportional to the glucose concentration and varies at different levels. Existing clinical chemistry analyzers use spectrophotometry to estimate the glucose level of the sample. Instead, this developed system uses simplified hardware arrangement and estimates glucose concentration by capturing the image of the sample. After further processing, its Saturation (S) and Luminance (Y) values are extracted from the captured image. Linear regression based machine learning algorithm is used for training the dataset consists of saturation and luminance values of images at different concentration levels. Integration of machine learning provides the benefit of improved accuracy and predictability in determining glucose level. The detection of glucose concentrations in the range of 10–400 mg/dl has been evaluated. The results of the developed system were verified with the currently used spectrophotometry based Trace40 clinical chemistry analyzer. The deviation of the estimated values from the actual values was found to be around 2-3%.

6

Test 8 × 32.8 m as a Diagnostic and Fitness Level Control Indicator in Basketball (Diagnostic Test in Basketball)

100%

Przybylski S. , Makar P. , Bielec G.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2012

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tom 4

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nr 1

7-14

EN

Background: Physiological studies conducted for over 20 years on basketball players have shown an increasing share of anaerobic efforts during the game. The players' throw effectiveness and their ability to move quickly on the playing field often determine the result of the match. The current control of kinematics and biochemical variables is crucial in the modern training process.Material/Methods: The study was conducted on an 11-person group of male athletes from a Polish first-league basketball team. The subjects had to perform a fitness test proposed by the authors: 8×32.8m with bouncing, throwing a ball to the basket and running back without the ball. The course of the test was video-recorded. The blood sample was taken in the 1st, 3rd, 13th and 23rd minute after the test. The level of lactic acid as well as glucose concentration was assessed by Lactate Scout and FreeStyle Lite apparatus.Results: The study revealed individual differences in the level of special fitness among the players. The throw effectiveness varied from 37 to 75% (mean 59%), while the maximal lactic acid concentration varied from 6.3 to 8.5 mmol/l (mean 7.2 mmol/l). The average maximal glucose concentration was 124.6 mg/dl. The range of lactic acid restitution time differentiated the players from 21 to 55 minutes (mean 30min).Conclusions: Application of the test in practice allows determining the basic values of kinematic techniques of basketball players in terms of biochemical changes. It should be an effective tool to control and optimize the basketball training process.

7

Observations on the crystallization of glucose from aqueous solution

100%

Napierala D. M. , Biskupski P. , Plenzler G. B.

Acta Agrophysica

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2003

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tom 02

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nr 2[96]

8

Effects of organic compounds on the macroalgae culture ofAegagropila linnaei

88%

Messyasz B. , Leska B. , Fabrowska J. , Pikosz M. , Cieslak A. , Schroeder G.

Open Chemistry

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2015

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tom 13

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nr 1

EN

The effects of the impact of four organic compounds (ascorbic acid, biotin, glucose and sucrose) on ash, protein, fiber, fat and amino acid contents in the freshwater Aegagropila linnaei biomass were examined in 7 and 14 days of cultivations in high concentrations of tested compounds (100 mg L-1). The presence of examined organic compounds had a negligible effect on the development of algae and their biomass composition. There were no significant differences in the amino acids composition in the biomass in the presence of organic compounds compared to the test system. However, the increase in ash content was observed irrespective of the cultivation time in the case of all used organic compounds. Only slight differences in crude fat concentration were observed in the case of 7 days cultivation with ascorbic acid, biotin and sucrose, while the highest increase of ash content was observed after 14 days of supplementation with glucose. None of the compounds affected changes in amino acid content in the Aegagropila linnaei biomass. The results suggest that an environment enriched with the test organic compounds had only minimal, or at most short-term, effects on the algal biomass composition.

9

Influence of climate change on carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation factors between glucose and α-cellulose of pine wood

88%

Sensuła B. , Pazdur A.

Geochronometria

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2013

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tom Vol. 40, no. 2

145--152

EN

We present the first analysis of the influence of climate change on carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation factors for two saccharides (glucose and α-cellulose ) of pine wood. The conifers grew in the Niepołomice Forest in Poland and the annual rings covered a time span from 1935 to 2000 AD. Glucose samples from acid hydrolysis of α-cellulose were extracted from annual tree rings. The carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation factors between glucose and α-cellulose were not stable over time. The mean value for the carbon isotope fractionation factors between glucose and α-cellulose was greater than unity. The mean value for the oxygen isotope fractionation factors be-tween glucose and α-cellulose was lower than unity. We established, with respect to climate change, the significance of the interannual and intraannual variation in the carbon and oxygen isotope frac-tionation factors between both saccharides. We used moving interval correlation results for May of the previous year through September of the current year using a base length of 48 years. The relation-ship with summer temperature is the main climate signal in the carbon isotope fractionation factor be-tween glucose and α-cellulose. The relationship with autumn sunshine is the main climate signal in the oxygen isotope fractionation factor between glucose and α-cellulose for the tree ring chronology.

10

Alkaline Pre-Treatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Waste Papers to Fermentable Sugar

88%

Ojewumi M. E. , Obielue B. I. , Emetere M. E. , Awolu O. O. , Ojewumi E. O.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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tom Vol. 19, nr 1

211--217

EN

Waste paper is known to be the major component of organic solid waste. In this research, waste paper was used as a feedstock for the production of fermentable sugar with the aid of two (2) microorganisms. The waste papers used included newspaper, office paper and foolscap paper. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out on the waste papers after the alkaline treatment using Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at different temperatures of 25°C, 37°C and 42°C. The highest yield was obtained from the foolscap paper, which produced reducing sugar at a maximum concentration of 486.66 mg/L after two weeks using Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 37°C. On the other hand, hydrolysing using Aspergillus niger, produced reducing sugar at a maximum concentration of 365 mg/L at an optimum temperature of 25°C with office paper.

11

Pdr12p-dependent and -independent fluorescein extrusion from baker's yeast cells

88%

Lushchak V. , Abrat O. , Międzobrodzki J. , Semchyshyn H.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2008

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tom 55

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nr 3

595-601

EN

Fluorescein efflux from S. cerevisiae cells was measured to study the peculiarities of fluorescein transport system, which is important for yeast resistance to certain drugs and weak organic acid preservatives. Glucose-independent and glucose-stimulated fluorescein effluxes were characterized using iodoacetate, cyanide and orthovanadate, inhibitors of glycolysis, electron transport chain, and ATPases, respectively. It is supposed that in glucose-free medium fluorescein extrusion is ATP-dependent and the energy for this efflux is mainly provided by respiration. In glucose-containing medium, glycolysis plays a critical role for extrusion of fluorescein. The results indicate that acetic acid inhibits the fluorescein efflux from yeast cells. The inhibition constant of glucose-stimulated fluorescein efflux is significantly lower in parental strain than in two mutants defective in PDR12 (ABC-transporter Pdr12p) or WAR1 (transcription factor of Pdr12p). It can be suggested that the membrane protein Pdr12 is involved in fluorescein extrusion from the yeast cells, but component(s) other than Pdr12p is (are) also important.

12

Non-linear model of glucose kinetics after intranasal administration of insulin in rats

88%

Kalicka R.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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1998

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tom Vol. 18, no. 3-4

55-78

EN

Non-linear models of insulin -+ glucose metabolism are considered. The insulin is administered intranassaly with intermediary medium caIIed promoter. Bred hypoglycaemia is conquered by a built-in self-defence mechanism. Four alternative ways of describing the self-defence mechanism are proposed, which leads to different modeIs. For aII the models analytical solution is presented. Output functions and measurements are used for reckoning of the parameters estimates. IIIustrative examples are presented.

PL

Przy pozanaczyniowym podaniu insuliny (donosowo z promotorem) badano zmiany stężenia glukozy we krwi. W analizowanym procesie wyróżniono dwie fazy odgraniczone chwilą, w której w obronie przed głębokim niedocukrzeniem uruchomiony zostaje endogenny strumień powrotny glukozy. Rezultatem jest wzrost jej stężenia. Dla drugiej fazy, po wyróżnionej chwili, zaproponowano 4 modele alternatywne. Model procesu dla pierwszej fazy jest wspólny. Przedstawiono rozwiązania w postaci funkcji opisujących zmiany stężenia glukozy. Opracowane na ich podstawie procedury umożliwiają wyznaczenie parametrów modeli na podstawie wyników eksperymentu. Rezultatem są zbiory parametrów, wraz z ich dokładnościami, niezbędne do oceny skuteczności procesów regulacyjnych. Może to umożliwić opracowanie procedur dawkowania insuliny w cukrzycy, dobór promotora do typu schorzenia i ocenę skuteczności terapii. Eksperymenty były przeprowadzone według sztywnych schematów próbkowania: w każdym przypadku zebrano jedenaście próbek w ciągu 240 minut. Łącznie przebadano 145 zwierząt, doskonaląc technikę eksperymentów. W wyniku poszukiwań i konsultacji z chirurgiem naczyniowym ostatnio wypracowano technikę badawczą polegającą na podawaniu, pod mikroskopem operacyjnym heparyny i narkozy do tętnicy udowej i pobieraniu krwi do oznaczeń tylko z systemu żylnego. Łącznie dokonano 1560 oznaczeń insuliny i tyle samo oznaczń glukozy. Jak wynika z dotychczasowej analizy, pomiary przeprowadzano zbyt często, a niekiedy zbyt długo. Ma to wpływ na koszty i jakość wyników, zwłaszcza w przypadku tak małych zwierząt doświadczalnych jak szczury. Zebrany matariał badawczy dostarczył interesujących spostrzeżeń, np.: niezgodnie z oczekiwaniem, rosnącym stężeniom insuliny towarzyszyło rosnące stężenie glukozy u zwierząt, u których konieczne było stosowanie w przebiegu eksperymentu większych dawek heparyny. Wskazywać by to mogło na niewyjaśnioną rolę heparyny lub/i promotora w badanej przemianie glukozy. Nie ulega wątpliwości, że konieczne są dalsze badania, aż do wyjaśnienia wszystkich wątpliwości.

13

Identification of irradiated dried fruits using EPR spectroscopy

88%

Guzik G. P. , Stachowicz W. , Michalik J.

Nukleonika

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2015

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tom Vol. 60, No. 3, part 2

627--631

EN

The dominating carbohydrates in fruits are monosaccharides like fructose, glucose, sorbose and mannose. In dehydrated fruits, concentration of monosaccharides is higher than in fresh fruits resulting in the formation of sugar crystallites. In most of dried fruits, crystalline fructose, and glucose dominate and appear in proportion near to 1:1. Irradiation of dried fruits stimulates radiation chemical processes resulting in the formation of new chemical products and free radicals giving rise to multicomponent EPR signal which can be detected for a long period of time. For that reason, it is used as a marker for the detection of radiation treatment of dried fruits. It has been found that EPR spectra recorded in dried banana, pineapple, papaya, and fig samples resemble the EPR spectrum obtained by computer addition of fructose and glucose spectra taken in proportion 1:1. The decay of radiation induced EPR signals proceeds in dried fruits fast during the first month of observation and becomes much slower and almost negligible after prolonged storage. However, it remains intense enough for EPR detection even one year after processing. The radiation induced EPR signal is easily detected in dried fruits exposed to 0.5 kGy of gamma rays. Thus, the EPR method of the detection of irradiated fruits can be used for the control of dried fruits undergoing quarantine treatment with 200–300 Gy of ionizing radiation.

14

Study on organic radicals giving rise to multicomponent EMR spectra in dried fruits expose to ionizing radiation II. D-Glucose

88%

Guzik G. P. , Stachowicz W.

Nukleonika

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2013

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tom Vol. 58, No. 3

425--428

EN

Crystalline D-glucose extracted from dried resins was irradiated with 60Co gamma rays. The multicomponent EMR spectra of the samples kept at ambient temperature were compared with those heated at 105°C – the temperature close to the melting point of glucose. Normalized EMR spectra recorded with both samples were subtracted, resulting in a differential EMR spectrum. Spectral analysis of all three spectra has been done resulting in the identification of isotropic doublet of doublets assigned to less stable radical derived from parent glucose molecule.

15

Normal Levels of TSH Affect the Metabolic Profile Differently in Physically Active Males and Females

88%

Malara M. , Kęska A. , Tkaczyk J. , Lutosławska G.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2021

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tom 35

|

nr 3

41-48

EN

Our study was aimed at the evaluation of relationships between thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) within the normal range and metabolic risk factors (glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and lipoprotein profile) in physically active male and female students. In 219 students circulating TSH, glucose, insulin and lipoproteins were measured in blood under fasting conditions. Insulin resistance was expressed as HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance). For further procedures 99 males and 97 regularly menstruating females with TSH 0.4–4.0 μIU/ml were accepted. In male students no correlations between circulating TSH, anthropometric and biochemical variables were noted. In females TSH within the normal range was slightly but significantly correlated with the triglyceride (TG) level (p < 0.03). However, step-wise multiple regression analysis revealed that the effect of TSH was small (p < 0.046) in relation to that found for HOMA-IR ( p < 0.0009). No relationships between biochemical variables and normal levels of TSH were noted in male students. However, surprisingly normal range TSH in males was slightly but significantly correlated with the percentage of body fat and this issue needs further studies concerning measurements of different fat depots. The above data suggests that in active females TG synthesis and export from the liver is more sensitive to TSH action than in active male counterparts.

16

Influence of the photosynthetic pathway on the hydrogen isotopic profile of glucose

88%

Zhang B. , Billault I. , Li X. , Mabon F. , Remaud G. , Martin M.

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tom Vol. 47,suppl.1

63-65

EN

The SNIF-NMR method (site-specific natural isotope fractionation studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) was used to examine the isotopic profile of glucoses derived from plants with different photosynthetic pathways. It is shown that the type of photosynthetic metabolism, either C3 (beet-root, orange, grape), C4 (maize, sugar-cane) or CAM (pineapple), exerts a strong influence on the deuterium distribution in the sugar molecules. The isotopic profile also depends, secondarily, on the physiological status of the precursor plant. Consequently, the isotopic fingerprint of glucose may be a rich source of information in mechanistic comparisons of metabolic pathways. Moreover, from an analytical point of view, it may provide complementary criteria with respect to the ethanol probe for origin inference of sugars.

17

Study of the Fermentation Conditions of the Bacillus Cereus Strain ARY73 to Produce Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) from Glucose

88%

Yasin A. R. , Al-Mayaly I. K.

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tom Vol. 22, nr 8

41--53

EN

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have gained much attention as biodegradable polymers, many efforts are being made to minimize the cost of PHAs by finding cheap carbon source depending on the type of microorganism and fermentation conditions. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of different glucose concentrations and other important conditions on the PHA production by Bacillus cereus isolated from soil. Polyhydroxyalkanoates PHAs accumulated by soil microorganisms were examined by screening the isolated bacteria using Sudan B Black and Nile Blue staining process. A Gram positive strain was identified using the 16s rRNA gene, deposited in the NCBI GenBank sequence database. Different growth conditions (favorite glucose concentrations 1-8 % (w/v), temperatures and pH) were tested and the growth parameters (sugar consumption, cell counting and Cell Dry Weight CDW) were studied. The extracted polymers were analyzed and characterized using an FTIR spectrophotometer followed by a GC-MS analysis. The pure bacterial strain isolated from soil was deposited in the NCBI GenBank database B. cereus strain ARY73, which showed significant black colored granules (or dark blue) using Sudan B Black stain, it also showed positive to Nile blue A as a high indicator stain for PHA accumulation. B. cereus ARY73 showed high production of PHA using (w/v): 2% glucose and 1% nitrogen source at 35 °C and pH7 yields 79% per Cell Dry Weight and 96 h of incubation. The extracted polymers were analyzed and characterized using an FTIR spectrophotometer confirming the PHA structure. The FTIR spectrophotometer, followed by a GC-MS analysis indicated the Scl-co-mcl PHA structure. This research demonstrates that the isolated strain B. cereus ARY73 was a good candidate for PHA production with a better quality for use in biomedical and other applications. The use of biopolymer in soil, enhanced the accumulation of the microorganisms (such as bacteria) capable of degrading biopolymer or biodegradation by-products yields by other species which were isolated in this study and demonstrated their efficiency in producing biopolymers.

18

The Influence of Body Weight on Chosen Physiological Parameters in Wrestling

88%

Karninčić H. , Krstulović S. , Baić M.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2013

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tom 37

|

nr 1

119-127

EN

In this study, the authors attempted to determine whether the dynamics of blood lactate and glucose in wrestling depend on the weight class. Blood lactate and glucose curves during and after a wrestling match were determined. We also explained the dynamics of blood lactate and glucose in the context of recent glucose and lactate metabolism research. A sample of 60 youth wrestlers (15-20 years) were divided into three weight groups. Each athlete participated in one wrestling match. During the fight, the athletes' heart rate, glucose, and blood lactate were measured. The differences in body mass between the athletes did not affect the dynamics of lactate and glucose in wrestling competition (Fisher LSD test). We established that lactate and glucose dynamics are the same for all weight groups (Fisher LSD-Lactate 1 < 2 < 3 = 4 > 5, Fisher LSD-Glucose 1 = 2 < 3 < 4 < 5). Understanding lactate and glucose metabolism in wrestling is important for wrestling coaches because they need to evaluate a wrestler's anaerobic energy status.

19

Glucose and glyoxal modify the diffusion of gentamicin through the peritoneal membrane in vitro

88%

Szary B. , Czyzewska K. , Grzelak T.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

|

tom 07

|

nr Suppl.

20

Effects of beta-endorphin on plasma glucose levels

75%

Akalin P. P. , Baspinar N.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2010

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tom 54

|

nr 2

277-282

EN

Healthy, and insulin-deficient (streptozotocin-induced diabetic, STZ) Sprague-Dawley rats were used to investigate the effects of different doses of ß-endorphin (25 and 50 µg/kg) on plasma ß-endorphin, insulin, glucagon, and glucose levels at 15- and 30-min time points. In experimental groups, plasma ß-endorphin levels were higher at the 15-min than at the 30-min time point in healthy rats; however, in STZ-diabetic rats, ß-endorphin levels were lower at 15 min than at 30 min, indicating that intraperitoneal absorption of ß-endorphin differed between healthy and insulin-deficient rats, ß-endorphin did not affect plasma glucose, insulin, or glucagon at either dose in the healthy group. In the insulin-deficient rats, ß-endorphin at 50 µg/kg reduced plasma glucose levels at the 30-min time point compared to the 25 µg/kg dose, without affecting plasma insulin. Moreover, ß-endorphin at 50 µg/kg decreased plasma glucagon levels at the 15-min time point in comparison to the 25 µg/kg dose in insulin-deficient rats. Plasma glucose levels may be reduced in insulin-deficient rats at high ß-endorphin levels regardless of insulin status.